Abstract
The relationship between results from granulometric analyses of by sieving and by planimetry was investigated by numerical simulation of cubes filled with boulders, cobbles and pebbles. Cross-sections through the sediment were simulated and compared with photos of an actual outcrop wall. Volumes estimated on the basis of planimetric analysis using the cross-sections were compared with sieve analyses, thus allowing to determine adjustment coefficients. The coefficients for pebbles and cobbles have a small standard error, but are larger for boulders, which might be a consequence of too small areas formed by the cross-sections.
References
Adams, J., 1979. Gravel size analysis from photographs. Journal of the Hydraulics Division 10, 1247-1255.
Barnard, P.L., Rubin, D.M., Harney, J. & Mustain, N., 2007. Field test comparison of an autocorrelation technique for determining grain size using a digital ‘beachball’ camera versus traditional methods. Sedimentary Geology 201, 180-195.
Buscombe, D., Rubin, D.M. & Warrick, J.A., 2010. A universal approximation of grain size from images of noncohesive sedyment. Journal of Geophysical Research 115, doi: https://www.doi.org/10.1029/2009JF001477.
Carbonneau, P.E., Lane, S.N. & Bergeron, N.E., 2004. Catchment-scale mapping of surface grain size in gravel-bed rivers using airborne digital imagery. Water Resources Research 40, doi: https://www.doi.org/10.1029/2003WR002759.
Carbonneau, P.E., Bergeron, N.E. & Lane, S.N., 2005. Automated grain size measurements from airborne remote sensing for long profile measurements of fluvial grain sizes. Water Resources Research 41, doi: https://www.doi.org/10.1029/2005WR003994.
Carbonneau, P.E., Lane, S.N. & Bergeron, N.E., 2006. Feature-based image processing methods applied to bathymetric measurements from airborne remote sensing in fluvial environments. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 31, 1413-1423.
Casagli, N., Ermini, L. & Rosati G., 2003. Determining grain size distribution of the material composing landslide dams in the Northern Apennines: sampling and processing methods. Engineering Geology 69, 83-97.
Church, M.A., McLean, D.G. & Wolcott, J.F., 1989. River bed gravels: sampling and analysis. [In:] C.R. Thorne, J.C. Bathurst & R.D. (Eds): Sediment transport in gravel-bed rivers. Wiley, Chichester, 43-88.
De Vries, M. 1970. On the accuracy of bed-material sampling. Journal of Hydraulics Research 8, 523-533.
Dugdale, S.J., Carbonneau, P.E. & Campbell, D., 2010. Aerial photosieving of exposed gravel bars for the rapid calibration of airborne grain size maps. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 35, 627-639.
Graham D.J., Rice S.P. & Reid I., 2005. A transferable method for the automated grain sizing of river gravels. Water Resources Research 41, doi: https://www.doi.org/10.1029/2004WR003868.
Greenman, N.N., 1951. The mechanical analysis of the sediments from thin-section data. Journal of Geology 59, 447-462.
Haschenburger, J.K., Rice, S.P. & Voyde, E., 2007. Evaluation of bulk sediment sampling criteria for gravel-bed rivers. Journal of Sedimentary Research 77, 415-423.
Ibbenken, H. & Schleyer, R., 1986. Photo-sieving: a method for grain-size analysis of coarse-grained, unconsolidated bedding surfaces. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 11, 59-77.
Kellerhals, R. & Bray, D.I., 1971. Sampling procedures for coarse fluvial sediments. Proceedings of the American Society of Civil Engineers, Journal of the Hydraulics Division 97, 1165-1179.
Kellerhals, R., Shaw, J. & Arora, V.K., 1975. On grain size from thin section. Journal of Geology 84, 75-96.
Krumbein, W.C., 1935. Thin-section mechanical analysis of indurated sediments. Journal of Geology 43, 482-496.
Leopold, L.B., 1970. An improved method for size distribution of stream bed gravel. Water Resources Research 6, 1357-1366.
Merta, T., 1991. A new, universal method of thin-section - to - sieve transformation of granulometric data. Acta Geologica Polonica 41, 117-148.
Packham, G.H., 1955. Volume, weight and number frequency analysis of sediments from thin-section data. Journal of Geology 63, 50-58.
PN-86/ B-02480. Polska norma. Grunty budowlane. Określenia, symbole, podział i opis gruntów [Polish standard. Building soils. Definitions, symbols, division and description of building soils], 19 pp.
Ratajczak, T. & Tumidajski, T., 1979. Analiza geometryczna skał na podstawie obserwacji mikroskopowych. [Geometrical analysis of rocks on the basis of microscopic observations]. [In:] A. Bolewski & W. Żabiński (Eds): Metody badań minerałów i skał [Methods for the investigation of minerals and rocks]. Wydawnictwo Geologiczne, Warszawa, 290-307.
Rutkowski, J., 1995. Badania uziarnienia osadów bardzo gruboziarnistych [Investigation of the granulometry of very coarse-grained sediments]. [In:] E. Mycielska-Dowgiałło & J. Rutkowski (Eds): Badania osadów czwartorzędowych. Wybrane metody i interpretacja wyników [Investigation of Quaternary sediments. Some methods and interpretation of the results]. WGiSR UW, Warszawa, 106-114.
Udden, J.A., 1914. Mechanical composition of clastic sediments. Geological Society of American Bulletin 25, 655-744.
Verdú, J.M., Batalla, R.J. & Martínez-Casasnovas, J.A., 2003. Estimating grain-size distributions of a gravel riverbed at reach scale from detailed aerial photos, geostatistics and digital image processing (Isábena River, Spain). Paper presented at the Braided Rivers Conference, British Geomorphological Research Group (London, April 2001), Poster.
Verdú, J.M., Batalla, R.J. & Martínez-Casasnovas, J.A., 2005. High-resolution grain-size characterisation of gravel bars using imagery analysis and geo-statistics. Geomorphology 72, 73-93.
Wentworth, C.K.A., 1922. A scale of grade and class terms for clastic sediments. Journal of Geology 30, 377-392.
Wohl, E.E., Anthony, D.J., Madesen, S.W. & Thompson, D.M., 1996. A comparison of surface sampling methods for coarse fluvial sediment. Water Resources Research 32, 3219-3226.
Wolman, M.G., 1954. A method of sampling coarse river bed material. Transactions American Geophysical Union 35, 951-956.
License
This content is open access.