@article{Sprenger_2012, title={Relikty wczesnośredniowiecznych umocnień obronnych. Ślady przeszłości na Ostrowie Tumskim w Poznaniu}, url={https://pressto.amu.edu.pl/index.php/e/article/view/3685}, DOI={10.14746/e.2012.7.2}, abstractNote={In the first part of the article the author sketches an overview of the history of architectural constructions in the state of the first Piasts. She describes the origins of the „gród" (stronghold), a construction form typical for Slavonic territories of the early Middle Ages. She also characterizes the construction technology and the kinds of fortifications used. The history of the Tum island is discussed from the beginning of settlements there in the context of the emerging Polish state. Since almost the entire knowledge of the stronghold at Ostrów Tumski is rooted in archaeological research, the history of excavations is presented from their beginnings in 1938 up to the most recent results of studies on the fortifications obtained in 2011}, number={7}, journal={Ecclesia. Studia z Dziejów Wielkopolski}, author={Sprenger, Magdalena}, year={2012}, month={sty.}, pages={23–46} }