Kultura-Społeczeństwo-Edukacja
type: channel
description: „Kultura-Społeczeństwo-Edukacja” jest czasopismem naukowym wydawanym na Wydziale Studiów Edukacyjnych Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu w formie półrocznika. Czasopismo istnieje od roku 2012. Artykuły w nim publikowane są w języku polskim oraz angielskim, jak również innych językach kongresowych. Każdy z artykułów zawiera tytuł, jak i streszczenie w języku angielskim. Ponadto, strona internetowa czasopisma także zawiera wersję anglojęzyczną. Rada czasopisma składa się z redaktorów tematycznych. Procedura recenzji publikowana jest w każdym z numerów, jak również dostępna jest na stronie czasopisma. Procedura ta jest zgodna z wytycznymi Ministerstwa Edukacji i Nauki zawartych w publikacji „Dobre praktyki w procedurach recenzyjnych w nauce” z roku 2011. Przesłanie redakcji czasopisma artykułu w celu jego publikacji tożsame jest ze zgodą autora na obowiązującą procedurę recenzji. Redakcja rezerwuje sobie prawo do formalnej oceny nadsyłanych tekstów. Otrzymane teksty zostają przekazane do recenzji dokonywanej przez dwóch recenzentów nie będących członkami rady redakcyjnej. Recenzenci stanowieni są przez samodzielnych pracowników naukowych zatrudnionych w zewnętrznej wobec redakcji instytucji. Otrzymane teksty zawsze przesyłane są do recenzentów z instytucji innej niż instytucja, w której zatrudniony jest autor tekstu. Procedura recenzencka jest zawsze anonimowa zgodnie z zasadami „podwójnie ślepej recenzji” (autorzy i recenzenci nie znają nawzajem swoich personaliów). Autorzy informowani są o wyniku procedury recenzenckiej. Rada czasopisma stosuje także odpowiednie kroki w celu ochrony przed zjawiskiem „ghostwriting” poprzez wymóg złożenia przez autora/autorkę pisemnego oświadczenia wskazującego, które części tekstu zostały przez niego/nią przygotowane w przypadku tekstów z większą niż jeden liczbą autorów (w części teoretycznej koncepcje i idee badawcze, a w części metodologicznej wyniki badań np. statystycznych). Rada czasopisma podejmuje także kroki w celu…
publisher: Adam Mickiewicz University Poznan
language: pl-PL
publication name: Kultura-Społeczeństwo-Edukacja
issn: 2300-0422
items: Sprawozdanie z VI Ogólnopolskiej Konferencji Naukowej „Wielowymiarowość pomocy, wsparcia społecznego i poradnictwa. Perspektywa interdyscyplinarna” (Poznań 3-4 kwietnia 2025 r.)
items: Recenzja książki autorstwa Krzysztofa Wieleckiego pt. „Kultura versus kultura masowa. Podmiotowość i quasi-kultura w nibyspołeczeństwie”, Narodowe Centrum Kultury, Warszawa 2024, 662 s.
items: Wiedza i świadomość polskich, czeskich i słowackich studentów na temat zmian hormonalnych w cyklu życia człowieka
items: The conditions of academic education and the methodological preferences of young scientists: A systematic literature review
items: Dziecko w przedszkolu wobec dyrektywności i bezrefleksyjności nauczyciela – oblicza sytuacji trudnych w edukacji przedszkolnej
items: Ontogeneza i filogeneza sztuki: ku naturalistycznemu rozumieniu twórczości w ujęciu Ellen Dissanayake
items: Wyruszając w nieznane: ale czy na pewno? Między teorią a praktyką „pisarstwa naukowego” pracy dyplomowej (na przykładzie psychologii)
items: Obraz człowieka w „lustrze” edukacyjnego, filozoficznego i literackiego doświadczenia
items: Radzenie sobie ze stresem wśród młodzieży wielkopolskiej – przegląd problemów i strategii
items: Pomiędzy kryzysem, a szansą - koncepcja rezyliencji w rodzinie
items: Medycyna: powołanie czy kalkulacja? Motywy wyboru studiów medycznych w świetle badań jakościowych
items: Planowanie przez rodziców przyszłości ich dzieci z głęboką niepełnosprawnością intelektualną a wsparcie społeczne
items: Automatyczne tłumaczenie treści historycznych jako metoda przeciwdziałania wykluczeniu społecznemu na przykładzie wybranej aplikacji edukacyjnej
items: The Czas w życiu osób w kryzysie bezdomności
items: Homogenizacja kultury – utopia czy rzeczywistość? Krytyczne spojrzenie na tezę Francisa Fukuyamy
items: Możliwości budowania i utrzymania relacji w społeczności wirtualnej studentów jako odbiorców medialnych w erze Web 2.0
items: Czarty, kozły, zołzy i czarownice. Odczytanie powieści Salamandra Stefana Grabińskiego w kontekście Nocy Kupały
items: „Niewidzialny” ból – wykluczenie społeczne pacjentek z endometriozą. Analiza jakościowa
items: Poświęcenie, powołanie i cud w narracjach młodych katolickich matek o własnym macierzyństwie
items: Wspieranie postawy twórczej rodziców dzieci z niepełnosprawnością poprzez arteterapię

Sprawozdanie z VI Ogólnopolskiej Konferencji Naukowej „Wielowymiarowość pomocy, wsparcia społecznego i poradnictwa. Perspektywa interdyscyplinarna” (Poznań 3-4 kwietnia 2025 r.)
type: item
creator: Marcelina Cieślak
rights: Prawa autorskie (c) 2025 Marcelina Cieślak https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
volume: 27
number: 1
starting page: 323
ending page: 334
doi: 10.14746/kse.2025.27.1.20

Recenzja książki autorstwa Krzysztofa Wieleckiego pt. „Kultura versus kultura masowa. Podmiotowość i quasi-kultura w nibyspołeczeństwie”, Narodowe Centrum Kultury, Warszawa 2024, 662 s.
type: item
creator: Lucyna Myszka-Strychalska
rights: Prawa autorskie (c) 2025 Lucyna Myszka-Strychalska https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
volume: 27
number: 1
starting page: 317
ending page: 321
doi: 10.14746/kse.2025.27.1.19

Wiedza i świadomość polskich, czeskich i słowackich studentów na temat zmian hormonalnych w cyklu życia człowieka
type: item
description: There are many environmental factors that can affect a person’s fertility and rate of development during adolescence. The use of psychoactive substances during puberty, a time when testosterone and oestradiol levels begin to exceed childhood levels, increases the likelihood of psychiatric disorders in adulthood; in turn, at menopause, oestrogen deficiency can cause psychological, physical and endocrine changes, including sexual dysfunction. The study aimed to diagnose students’ knowledge of hormonal changes in the human life cycle. The study was conducted at three universities – in Poland, the Czech Republic and Slovakia. A total of 450 stu-dents participated in the study (172 from Poland, 99 from the Czech Republic and 179 from Slovakia). The research sample was selected based on the assumption that there are differences in awareness of sexual development in Polish, Czech and Slovak society. The research was conducted by means of a diagnostic survey with a questionnaire technique.The analysis of the survey results showed that students’ knowledge of hormonal changes in the human life cycle is insufficient. It was shown that there is a need to pay attention to deepen and consoli-date the knowledge of students, especially students of education/teaching, regarding problems related to biological, social and environmental factors affecting hormonal changes in the human life cycle; with satisfactory knowledge of the consequences of psychoactive substance use or environmental factors that may affect the menstrual cycle.
creator: Magdalena Leżucha
creator: Karolina Czerwiec
creator: Małgorzata Nodzyńska-Moroń
creator: Lenka Pasternáková
creator: Emanuel Studnicki
creator: Vladimir Sirotek
rights: Prawa autorskie (c) 2025 Magdalena Leżucha, Karolina Czerwiec, Małgorzata Nodzyńska-Moroń, Lenka Pasternáková, Emanuel Studnicki https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
volume: 27
number: 1
starting page: 7
ending page: 18
doi: 10.14746/kse.2025.27.1.1

The conditions of academic education and the methodological preferences of young scientists: A systematic literature review
type: item
description: This systematic literature review (SLR) collects and analyses publications on methodological preferences from almost the last 50 years. The aim of the review is to diagnose the state of knowledge as well as to integrate and synthesize the existing literature in the field of methodological preferences. This review concerns 73 texts that have been qualified for the study. The SLR reveals the need to reconstruct a seman-tic web, in which the notion of methodological preferences is embedded. Thus, it indicates the need to introduce a definition of methodological preferences, as well as to propose a model of this feature. Fur-thermore, some implications for future research are presented, along with the limitations of the systematic review of the literature.
creator: Martyna Jarota
rights: Prawa autorskie (c) 2025 Martyna Jarota https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
volume: 27
number: 1
starting page: 19
ending page: 38
doi: 10.14746/kse.2025.27.1.2

Dziecko w przedszkolu wobec dyrektywności i bezrefleksyjności nauczyciela – oblicza sytuacji trudnych w edukacji przedszkolnej
type: item
description: The research aims to show difficult situations in kindergarten that children encounter that result from teachers’ directiveness and thoughtlessness. In the difficult situations described in the study, the child is treated as an object and not only has to meet the requirements set by teachers but also faces misunderstanding of emotions, lack of respect, misunderstanding of needs resulting from the developmental period and – in some cases – violence and aggression if they cannot adapt to the applicable standards and submit to the “will” of the teacher. The author conducted participant observation, which she carried out from September to March of the 2024/2025 school year in two public kindergartens in Poznań. Participant observation in each facility was conducted twice a week during classes that the author of the study carried out with the children (each time the classes were held for half an hour for each group on one day, the classes were in the form of artistic workshops) and by participating in special events and rehearsals for these events. The researcher also stayed with the children during their activities in the kindergarten on the days when classes were conducted and accompanied the teachers. The observation was conducted based on the following criteria: − the teacher’s way of communicating with children; − the teacher’s reactivity to the children’s current needs; − the teacher’s reactions in difficult situations in contact with the child. The research results indicate that “little ones” in difficult situations often could not rely on their teacher, it was even observed that difficult situations were caused by this teacher. When the child could not adapt to the requirements placed on it, it was “disciplined”, and blackmailed, and attempts were made to underestimate its value, so it was harmed and intimidated.
creator: Katarzyna Sadowska
rights: Prawa autorskie (c) 2025 Katarzyna Sadowska https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
volume: 27
number: 1
starting page: 39
ending page: 54
doi: 10.14746/kse.2025.27.1.3

Ontogeneza i filogeneza sztuki: ku naturalistycznemu rozumieniu twórczości w ujęciu Ellen Dissanayake
type: item
description: The aim of this article is to present and critically examine Ellen Dissanayake’s ethological theory of art, which frames artistic behavior as an evolutionary adaptation. The core problem addressed is the lack of a coherent, biologically grounded framework for understanding the origins and functions of art in both ontogenetic and phylogenetic contexts. Unlike traditional conceptions that define art through its symbolic content or aesthetic objects, Dissanayake proposes the concept of “artification” – a behavior she characterizes as “making special” – as a universal and innate human tendency. The methodology is interdisciplinary and theoretical, integrating findings from ethology, evolutionary anthropology, cognitive psychology, developmental pedagogy, archaeology, and neuroscience. The analysis relies on Dissanayake’s foundational works and contemporary critiques to trace the biological and developmental roots of art related behaviors. Key findings suggest that early artistic behaviors, such as rhythmic gestures, ornamentation, and mark-making, likely evolved as adaptive responses to environmental uncertainties. These behaviors originate in the mother-infant dyad and manifest through emotional bonding, repetitive patterns, and heightened sensory experiences – behaviors that later develop into ritualistic and artistic expressions within communal settings. The theory posits that proto-aesthetic behaviors promote social cohesion, emotional regulation, and cognitive development, ultimately contributing to reproductive success. In conclusion, Dissanayake’s model offers a compelling naturalistic account of art, positioning it not as a cultural artifact alone but as an evolutionary inheritance embedded in human nature. This reconceptualization challenges conventional art theory and calls for broader, behavior-based definitions of artistic phenomena.
creator: Jerzy Luty
rights: Prawa autorskie (c) 2025 Jerzy Luty https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
volume: 27
number: 1
starting page: 55
ending page: 76
doi: 10.14746/kse.2025.27.1.4

Wyruszając w nieznane: ale czy na pewno? Między teorią a praktyką „pisarstwa naukowego” pracy dyplomowej (na przykładzie psychologii)
type: item
description: The article focuses on the relationship between the (scientific) theory and practice of preparing a diploma thesis in academic education (specifically, in the field of social sciences, as illustrated by psychology). The study presented here is of a methodological and synthesizing nature/aims, and was prepared: (a) to fill the re-search gap observed in this area (especially in the absence of studies indicating the location of a (good) scien-tific theory on the Internet), (b) using the analytical-synthetic method and the existing data analysis method.The author discuss here a wide spectrum of aspects pertaining to such analytical problems as: (1) the essence and functional significance of a scientific theory (in science), (2) the location of a (good) scientific theory in the subject matter literature, (3) how to apply a scientific theory (while preparing a diploma the-sis), (4) the location of a scientific theory in online scientific search engines, (5) the methodology problems essential for the process of preparing a diploma thesis.
creator: Zbigniew Małysz
rights: Prawa autorskie (c) 2025 Zbigniew Małysz https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
volume: 27
number: 1
starting page: 77
ending page: 100
doi: 10.14746/kse.2025.27.1.5

Obraz człowieka w „lustrze” edukacyjnego, filozoficznego i literackiego doświadczenia
type: item
description: The aim of the article is to offer a reflection on what image of man is contained in the perspective of edu-cational, philosophical and literary experience, to show what constitutes, on the one hand, the specificity of the indicated perspectives, and on the other hand, to characterize the relations among them and the emerging dependencies, as well as to highlight possible moments of encounter and dialogue.
creator: Grażyna Teusz
creator: Leszek Teusz
rights: Prawa autorskie (c) 2025 Grażyna Teusz, Leszek Teusz https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
volume: 27
number: 1
starting page: 101
ending page: 110
doi: 10.14746/kse.2025.27.1.6

Radzenie sobie ze stresem wśród młodzieży wielkopolskiej – przegląd problemów i strategii
type: item
description: The article analyzes stress and coping strategies among young people in the context of contemporary challenges (pandemic, digital changes, war in Ukraine, educational and professional pressure). The aim was to: (1) identify the most common stressors, (2) verify their relationship with gender, (3) compare dis-positional and situational coping strategies with stress according to gender and age. The study covered 181 students aged 11–18 (79 girls, 102 boys) from the Wielkopolska Province. The JSR questionnaire by Juczyński and Ogińska-Bulik was used to measure three strategies (active coping, focusing on emotions, seeking support) in terms of disposition and situation. The most frequently reported stressors were peer and school difficulties; no significant gender differences were found in their frequency (girls tended to report peer problems more often). In coping strategies, girls more often than boys used emotion focus (dispositional and situational) and more often declared dispositional support seeking; no gender differ-ences were found in active coping. With age, the use of situational focus on emotions and active coping increased (slightly to moderately); the effect was more pronounced in girls. The relationship between the number of problems and strategies was weak. The differences obtained in terms of gender and age suggest the need to profile preventive and support measures (greater emphasis on emotion regulation and social support in girls and on developing a repertoire of strategies in younger students).
creator: Agnieszka Skowrońska-Pućka
creator: Żaneta Garbacik
rights: Prawa autorskie (c) 2025 Agnieszka Skowrońska-Pućka, Żaneta Garbacik https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
volume: 27
number: 1
starting page: 111
ending page: 132
doi: 10.14746/kse.2025.27.1.7

Pomiędzy kryzysem, a szansą - koncepcja rezyliencji w rodzinie
type: item
description: The purpose of this article is to present the concept of family resilience .The present study aims to shed light on the subject’s comprehension of the systemic paradigm, while concomitantly underscoring the pivotal role that the family environment and its concomitant processes play in its establishment. A multi-tude of factors, including losses, traumatic events, highly stressful living conditions, and rapid changes in civilization, have been demonstrated to exert a detrimental effect on the entire network of family relation-ships. These phenomena are posited to challenge the conventional notion of the family as a functional system. The selection of coping strategies and the subsequent adaptation and adjustment of all family members in a crisis situation are primarily influenced by the fundamental processes within the family unit. The fundamental question that researchers in this field seek to address is as follows: What factors enable certain families to overcome adversity, thereby enhancing their functionality and resilience, while others succumb to dissolution or deterioration?
creator: Sonia Dzierzyńska-Breś
rights: Prawa autorskie (c) 2025 Sonia Dzierzyńska-Breś https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
volume: 27
number: 1
starting page: 133
ending page: 147
doi: 10.14746/kse.2025.27.1.8

Medycyna: powołanie czy kalkulacja? Motywy wyboru studiów medycznych w świetle badań jakościowych
type: item
description: The aim of the article is to identify factors motivating young people to choose medical studies and to distinguish in their autonomous motivation and controlled motivation, as outlined by Self- Determination Theory (SDT). The study was conducted using focused group interviews with 92 students from three different medical universities in Poland. The participants had to be at least in their second year of studies. Thematic analysis was used to develop the results. All elements distinguished in SDT appeared in the study, i.e., concerning autonomous motivation: intrinsic motivation, with identified themes of the willingness to help, ambition, and pursuit of self-development. Identification and integration were also distinguished. Identification with the theme of the usefulness of studying, and integration with themes including: vocation, childhood, and personal choice. Regarding controlled motivation, a theme of prestige linked to introjection was identified, along with several themes related to external regulation, such as rewards, influence of significant others, familiarity with the profession. There were also statements about amotivation.
creator: Marta Makowska
rights: Prawa autorskie (c) 2025 Marta Makowska https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
volume: 27
number: 1
starting page: 149
ending page: 164
doi: 10.14746/kse.2025.27.1.9

Planowanie przez rodziców przyszłości ich dzieci z głęboką niepełnosprawnością intelektualną a wsparcie społeczne
type: item
description: The arrival of a child with a disability into the world is a challenging experience for their parents. Addition-ally, the information about a diagnosis of profound intellectual disability intensifies this experience. This situ-ation significantly affects the family’s functioning. From the very beginning, both parents and siblings have many questions regarding the child’s present and future (Tylewska-Nowak, 2010). The Polish education system provides for the implementation of early developmental support for children and rehabilitative-edu-cational activities for participants with profound intellectual disabilities. These activities can be conducted at the place of residence or in a specialized facility. Support from the state and specialists becomes essential for the family. Families raising children with disabilities can access various forms of support that increasingly meet their needs year by year. Informational, institutional, or financial assistance positively influences the functioning of the family. Undoubtedly, contemplating what will happen after the “education” of a child with profound intellectual disabilities concludes accompanies the life experiences of their parents.The aim of the article is to present the results of research regarding the future of children with pro-found intellectual disabilities as expressed by their parents. The research inquiries presented indicators concerning the percentage of parents planning their future and their child’s future, as well as the similari-ties and differences related to these plans, taking into account the child’s age, the parent’s age, and the form of “education” being undertaken. The study also sought a connection between future planning and the subjective assessment of the social support received. The research was conducted using a mixed-methods strategy. The study group consisted of 60 families raising children with profound intellectual disabilities aged up to 25 years, residing in the Małopolskie Voivodeshi…
creator: Izabella Gałuszka
rights: Prawa autorskie (c) 2025 Izabella Gałuszka https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
volume: 27
number: 1
starting page: 165
ending page: 186
doi: 10.14746/kse.2025.27.1.10

Automatyczne tłumaczenie treści historycznych jako metoda przeciwdziałania wykluczeniu społecznemu na przykładzie wybranej aplikacji edukacyjnej
type: item
description: The subject of the article is the automatic translation of historical content as a method of counteracting broadly defined social exclusion, including the underappreciation of the histories of certain regions in the literature. This issue is illustrated using the example of translating a fifty-item sample of educational materials contained in a memorization-optimizing application based on the SuperMemo algorithm. For this purpose, the Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT) was used, specifically the gpt-4-0125-preview model. It was trained on data up to December 2023, and its context window is 128,000 tokens. The resulting translation turned out to be far from perfect, primarily due to errors in translating names and personal names (e.g., “Republic” as “Rzeczpospolita”), linguistic awkwardness (e.g., “It was then that the first unification of China occurred.”), and inconsistency in the use of articles (a/the). Despite this, the obtained result met the basic requirements set by the sample application, created according to the MVP concept, aiming to, with relatively low expenditure, practically check whether there is demand for a given product or service adequate to the costs of a full-fledged solution. The conducted study also contributes to considerations on the broader application of automatic translation, especially in areas even potentially affected by social exclusion.
creator: Mikołaj Piotrowski
rights: Prawa autorskie (c) 2025 Mikołaj Piotrowski https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
volume: 27
number: 1
starting page: 187
ending page: 195
doi: 10.14746/kse.2025.27.1.11

The Czas w życiu osób w kryzysie bezdomności
type: item
description: The article addresses the issue of time in the context of individuals suffering from homelessness. It presents the results of the author’s research, carried out in Warsaw and its surrounding areas in the years 2016–2021. Methodologically, the research was carried out from a qualitative perspective and the research tool was an Individual In-Depth Interview (IDI). The research sample included 51 people – 36 men and 15 women. The aim of the research was to analyze how people living rough and people in accommodation for the homeless manage their time and whether – in this regard – there is a difference between “roofless” and “houselessness”. Important part of the research was to evaluate the impact of the organization of the homeless assistance system on the daily rhythm of its recipients. The study analyzed the temporal aspects of the assistance received, which includes distance of the support facilities and the time required to move between them, the opening hours of the facilities and the mechanisms for organizing time within them. The paper also addresses the issue of the temporal orientations of homeless people, raising questions which time framwork – past, presentist or future – dominates in analyzed group and how it affects participants in the long term.
creator: Marta Czapnik-Jurak
rights: Prawa autorskie (c) 2025 Marta Czapnik-Jurak https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
volume: 27
number: 1
starting page: 197
ending page: 211
doi: 10.14746/kse.2025.27.1.12

Homogenizacja kultury – utopia czy rzeczywistość? Krytyczne spojrzenie na tezę Francisa Fukuyamy
type: item
description: The idea of cultural homogenisation has been a topic of discussion among scholars since the existence of culture. However, it became more prominent with accelerated globalisation, marked by the rise of Western (American) culture. In this context, Fukuyama (1998) advanced the thesis that culture will ultimately become homogenised. To verify the researcher’s thesis and provide a critical view of the statements made by scientists, the analysis was based on the analysis of publications, scientific speeches, and verified press information. By demonstrating the fallibility of Fukuyama (1998), four aspects are presented: psychological, cultural dualism, cultural identity and legal. The psychological aspect demonstrates the necessity for positive experiences derived from travel, particularly exposure to unfamiliar cultures. The cultural dualism aspect underscores the simultaneous engagement with global culture while preserving distinctiveness. The cultural identity aspect highlights the strong sense of separateness within society, exemplified by the preservation of national or local identities, as seen in the case of Catalonia. The final aspect, the legal aspect, discusses the concepts of globalisation of law and global law, and finally questions them with the introduction of the concept of dualism of law. Based on observed legal processes in the world and analysis of literature, a new concept was introduced – dualism of law, naming this previously unnamed phenomenon. Consequently, it was determined that the hypothesis proposed by the researcher was erroneous, and a favourable trajectory for the advancement of global culture was delineated, orienting itself towards the cultural dualism that is extant in the business.
creator: Ilona Nędzi
rights: Prawa autorskie (c) 2025 Ilona Nędzi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
volume: 27
number: 1
starting page: 213
ending page: 228
doi: 10.14746/kse.2025.27.1.13

Możliwości budowania i utrzymania relacji w społeczności wirtualnej studentów jako odbiorców medialnych w erze Web 2.0
type: item
description: In the modern world, it is difficult to imagine life without the Internet and even without an account on a chosen social networking site. Observing various types of activities on the Internet and the rapid pace of changes occurring there, the need for conducting a research was noticed, in which the key question was formulated: is it possible to build lasting relationships in a virtual community? The research was conducted among students of various fields of study in a group of 236 people. A diagnostic survey method and an author’s survey questionnaire were used, due to the fact that no standardized measurement tools have been found for the stated research problem to date. The research was conducted online, which made it easier to reach respondents from different regions of Poland. According to the surveyed students, it is possible to build relationships in the virtual world but they are less lasting than those established in the real world. However, it is difficult to determine whether virtual relationships can develop into friendships. Students are aware of what can destroy interpersonal relationships.
creator: Karol Sudewicz
creator: Stanisława Nazaruk
rights: Prawa autorskie (c) 2025 Karol Sudewicz, Stanisława Nazaruk https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
volume: 27
number: 1
starting page: 229
ending page: 243
doi: 10.14746/kse.2025.27.1.14

Czarty, kozły, zołzy i czarownice. Odczytanie powieści Salamandra Stefana Grabińskiego w kontekście Nocy Kupały
type: item
description: The paper focuses on the motifs of Kupala Night and the character of the witch present in the novel Salamandra by Stefan Grabiński. For this reason, it undertakes an analysis of the beliefs, legends and superstitions used by the author concerning both the cult of the given holiday and the accompanying witches’ sabbaths. At the same time, the author wants to present the symbolism of the summer solstice, which is so important for this work, and also to discuss the sources from which the writer drew when creating the character of the titular witch. The aim of this paper is therefore to present the image of St. John’s Night preserved in cultural memory as a time of increased activity of supernatural beings and to discuss the literary evidence of the motifs of Kupala Night and the witch in the novel by one of the most valued fantasy authors of the interwar period.
creator: Anna Wdowczyk
rights: Prawa autorskie (c) 2025 Anna Wdowczyk https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
volume: 27
number: 1
starting page: 245
ending page: 255
doi: 10.14746/kse.2025.27.1.15

„Niewidzialny” ból – wykluczenie społeczne pacjentek z endometriozą. Analiza jakościowa
type: item
description: The aim of this article is to analyze the social conditions that shape women’s experiences of endometriosis, with particular emphasis on the social perception of pain and societal responses to the disease. The article introduces the concept of “invisible” pain to describe the experiences of women who feel misunderstood, unaccepted, or even socially excluded due to their symptoms. It also presents strategies for coping with the illness, as well as the consequences of a lack of understanding from others – especially close relatives and medical professionals – on the well-being of those affected. The netnographic research involved women participating in Facebook-based online communities focused on endometriosis and other gynecological conditions. The collected data was analyzed using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA), which enabled a deeper understanding of the lived experiences of women with endometriosis. The findings aim to illustrate how women navigate the partial understanding of their illness, how they construct their illness narratives, and the role that online support groups play in this process. This research may serve as a starting point for further exploration of the relationship between people living with chronic illness and the society around them.
creator: Ewa Kozik
rights: Prawa autorskie (c) 2025 Ewa Kozik https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
volume: 27
number: 1
starting page: 257
ending page: 277
doi: 10.14746/kse.2025.27.1.16

Poświęcenie, powołanie i cud w narracjach młodych katolickich matek o własnym macierzyństwie
type: item
description: Narrative plays a key role in understanding and communicating individual experiences, as well as in the process of identity formation. The transition to motherhood is often seen as a crisis that requires the creation of a new identity. The traditional Catholic narrative, together with the enduring matka Polka (Polish mother) myth in the Polish socio-cultural context, promotes an image of motherhood as a woman’s “vocation” and as a role defined by self-sacrifice and complete devotion to the child. Alongside these historically and culturally rooted models, alternative models have also emerged. Faced with this multiplicity of social constructions and the erosion of the unequivocally positive image of motherhood, women reflexively engage with the traditional-religious model of mothering. The research presented in this paper, based on interviews with young women who identify as devout Catholics, demonstrates that three key concepts in the religious narrative – sacrifice, vocation, and miracle – remain significant for mothers as they seek to make sense of their experiences and construct their identities as women and mothers. However, the meanings of these concepts are being renegotiated. Young Catholic women neither wholly reject nor uncritically reproduce religious idioms. Instead of passively replicating models that conflict with contemporary culture’s emphasis on individuality and freedom, they actively transform religious ideas, confronting them with their everyday lives. Through this process, they create narratives in which motherhood becomes a self-project grounded in individual choice while also remaining a religiously sanctioned aspect of their identity as women.
creator: Dagmara Mętel
creator: Joanna Krotofil
creator: Dorota Wójciak
rights: Prawa autorskie (c) 2025 Dagmara Mętel, Joanna Krotofil, Dorota Wójciak https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
volume: 27
number: 1
starting page: 279
ending page: 295
doi: 10.14746/kse.2025.27.1.17

Wspieranie postawy twórczej rodziców dzieci z niepełnosprawnością poprzez arteterapię
type: item
description: A child’s disability is a difficult experience for parents. It requires continuous reorganization of the world in a way adequate to the child’s needs and requirements, which is often a difficult situation for parents. The emerging frustration and crisis mean that many parents cannot cope emotionally by existing circumstances. That is why it is extremely important to support them and make it possible to adapt to the constantly changing situation in the most effective way. The answer to the need for direct impacts may be art therapy, focused on providing emotional support and developing the creative basis. To ensure effective support for parents of children with disabilities, it is necessary to recognize their preferences, needs and expectations. The purpose of the research presented in the article is to learn about the opinions on creativity and determine the differences in the intensification of the creative attitude of parents of children with disabilities, parents of preschool children and students not boring children. Research problems were formulated for such a specific purpose, referring to: defining the concept of ‘creativity’, impact of creativity on everyday functioning, experiences of the respondents in developing your own creative attitude and the level of severity of this attitude. The exploration uses a diagnostic survey method with survey technique. The culmination conducted allowed to determine the differences in the scope of these issues and question the proposal of support through the art therapy of parents of children with disabilities.
creator: Agnieszka Ochman
rights: Prawa autorskie (c) 2025 Agnieszka Ochman https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
volume: 27
number: 1
starting page: 297
ending page: 314
doi: 10.14746/kse.2025.27.1.18