Abstract
Intonation is often considered the most problematic component of prosody. It may largely contribute to the meaning of an utterance and provide rich indexical information. The complexity of the intonationrelated phenomena, from the acoustic level up to the cognitive process of semiosis, resulted in a variety of conceptualisations and divergent theoretical approaches. In the present text, an attempt is made to sketch the late Wiktor Jassem’s contribution to intonation studies, starting from his early work on colloquial British English to the studies focused on the Polish language as well as his general perspective on prosody and on the methods of its exploration. Some of his unpublished contribution to research projects on various aspects of prosody is also acknowledged. The present overview is based both on available written materials (publications, references, reports, reviews) and the author’s personal communication with Wiktor Jassem and his collaborators.
References
Bailly, Gerard & Holm, Bleike, 2005. SFC: A trainable prosodic model. Speech Communications, 45, 364-384.
Campione, Estelle; Hirst, Daniel & Véronis, Jean. Automatic stylisation and symbolic coding of F0: implementations of the INTSINT model. Intonation. Research and Applications, Dordrecht: Kluwer, 2000.
Cruttenden, Alan 1981. Falls and rises: meanings and universals. Journal of Linguistics 17, 77-91.
Cruttenden, Alan 1997. Intonation (2nd ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Crystal, David 1969. Prosodic Systems and Intonation in English. Cambridge: Cambridge
Cutler, Ann; Mehler, Jacques; Norris, D.G. & Segui Juan 1986. The syllable’s differing role in the segmentation of French and English. Journal of Memory and Language 25, 385400.
Demenko, Grażyna 1999. Analiza cech suprasegmentalnych języka polskiego na potrzeby technologii mowy. Poznań: Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM.
Demenko, Grażyna; Jassem, Wiktor & Krzyśko Mirosław. 1987. Classification of basic fundamental frequency patterns using discriminant functions. Phonetica 44, 245-357.
Demenko, Grażyna & Jassem, Wiktor, 1999. Modelling intonational phrase structure with artificial neural networks. Proceedings of EuroSpeech: Sixth European Conference on Speech Communication and Technology.
Fant, Gunnar 1960. Acoustic Theory of Speech Production, Mouton.
Fant, Gunnar 1962. “Descriptive analysis of the acoustic aspects of speech”, Logos 5, 3-17
Fant, Gunnar 1967. “Auditory patterns of speech”, in Models for the Perception of Speech and Visual Form, ed. W. Wathen-Dunn, Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.
Fox, Anthony 2000. Prosodic Features and Prosodic Structure: The Phonology of Suprasegmentals. Oxford: OUP.
Francuzik, Katarzyna; Karpiński, Maciej; Kleśta, Janusz & Szalkowska, Emilia 2004. Nuclear Melody in Polish Semi-spontaneous and Read Speech. Evidence from the Polish Intonational Database PoInt. Studia Phonetica Posnaniensia, 97-128.
Fujisaki, Hiroya 1983. Dynamic characteristics of voice fundamental frequency in speech and singing. The Production of Speech (pp. 39-55). Ed. P.F. MacNeilage: New York, NY: Springer.
Goldsmith, John A. 1981. English as a Tone Language. In D. Goyvaerts, ed. Phonology in the 1980’s. Ghent: Story-Scientia. Circulated in 1974.
Grabe, Esther & Post, Brechtje 2002. The transcribed IViE corpus. University of Oxford Phonetics Laboratory.
Gussenhoven, Carlos 2004. The Phonology of Tone and Intonation. Cambridge: CUP.
Hirst, Daniel J. 2001. Automatic analysis of prosody for multilingual speech corpora. In: Keller, E., Bailly, G., Monaghan, A., Terken, J., Huckvale, M. (Eds.), Improvements in Speech Synthesis. John Wiley, London, 320-327.
Hirst, Daniel 2005. Form and function in the representation of speech prosody. Speech Communication, 46, pp. 334-347.
Hirst, Daniel; Di Cristo, Albert & Espesser, Robert 2000. Levels of representation and levels of analysis for the description of intonation systems [In:] Merle Horne (Ed.) Prosody: Theory and Experiment. Kluwer Academic Press.
Hirst, Daniel 2012. Empirical models of tone, rhythm and intonation for the analysis of speech prosody, Speech and Language Technology, vol. 13-14, pp. 23-33.
Jassem, Wiktor 1959. The Phonology of Polish Stress. Word, 15:2, 252-269, DOI:10.1080/00437956.1959.11 659698
Jassem, Wiktor 1962. Pitch as a correlate of Swedish pitch accent. Quarterly Status and Progress Report, Speech Transmission Laboratory, Royal InstituteTechnology, Stockholm, 1/1962, 4-14.
Jassem, Wiktor 1963. Experiment in pitch accent perception using synthetic speech. Quarterly Progress and Status Report, Speech Transmission Laboratory, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm 4/1963, 10-12.
Jassem, Wiktor 1971. Pitch and compass of the speaking voice. Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 1, 50-68.
Jassem, Wiktor 1972a. Statistical parameters of average short-term F0 values as personal voice charateristics. In Acta Universitatis Carolinae, Phonetica Pragensia 3. Praha, 123-126.
Jassem, Wiktor 1972b. The question-phrase fall-rise in British English. In A. Waldman, ed., Papers in Phonetics and Linguistics, In Memory of Pierre Delattre. Mouton: The Hague, 241-252.
Jassem, Wiktor 1975. Normalization of F0 curves. In: G. Fant and M.A.A. Tatham eds. Auditory Analysis and Perception of Speech. London: Academic Press, 523-530.
Jassem, Wiktor 1978. On the distributional analysis of pitch phenomena. Language and Speech, 21, 362-372.
Jassem, Wiktor 1987a. Computer-assisted classification of basic Polish intonations. In Proceedings of the XI international Congress of Phonetic Sciences, vol 6. Tallin, 2219-2222.
Jassem, Wiktor 1987b. Off-line automatic recognition of basic F0 curves. In European Conference on Speech Technology, vol 1. Edinburgh, 219-222.
Jassem, Wiktor 1987c. Structural units of intonation in the acoustical speech signal. In U.W. Drechsler. S. Luschotzki, O. E. Pfeiffer and J. E. Rennison (Eds), Phonologica 1984. London - New York - Rochelle: CUP.
Jassem, Wiktor 1994. Linguistic function(s) of intonation in Standard British English. In B. Halford and H. Pilch eds. Intonation. Tübingen: Gunter Narr Verlag, 89-95.
Jassem, Wiktor 1996a. A quantitative analysis of Standard British English nuclear tones. Journal of Quantitative Linguistics 3, 3, 229-243.
Jassem, Wiktor 1996b. Intonacje rdzenne w dialogu angielskim. Analiza akustyczna i statystyczna. In Cz. Basztura and K. Dobrogowska, eds. Podstawowe założenia fonetyczne i techniczne tłumaczenia różnojęzycznego dialogu w czasie rzeczywistym. Poznań: Polskie Towarzystwo Fonetyczne, 85-104.
Jassem, Wiktor 1999. English Stress, Accent and Intonation revisited. Speech and Language Technology, 3, 33-50.
Jassem, Wiktor 2002. Classification and organization of data in intonation research. In A. Braun and R. Masthoff eds. Phonetics and its applications. Festschrift for Jens-Peter Köster on the Occasion of his 60th Birthday. Wiesbaden, Stuttgart: Franz Steinet Verlag. 289-297.
Jassem, Wiktor and Demenko, Grażyna 1986. On extracting linguistic information from F0 traces. In C. Johns- Lewis [Eds.], Studies in of Intonation in Discourse. London: Croom Helm. 1-17.
Jassem, Wiktor & Demenko, Grażyna. 1989. Zależność przebiegu parametru F0 od długości frazy i dźwięczności segmentalnej (The effect of phrase duration and segmental voicing on the shape of the F0 curve). Prace IPPT PAN 29/1989.
Jassem, Wiktor & Demenko Grażyna 1997. Fonetyczno-gramatyczna spójność frazy. In Speech and Language Technology. Poznań: Polskie Towarzystwo Fonetyczne, 125-140.
Jassem, Wiktor & Dobrogowska, Katarzyna 1974. Inwarianty w przebiegach parametru F0 (Invariant F0 curves). Biuletyn Polskiego Towarzystwa Językoznawczego XXXII, 159-171.
Jassem, Wiktor & van Dommeln, Wim 1990. Perception of Polish accent in a re-synthesized speech signal. Archives of Acoustics 15, 325-348.
Jassem, Wiktor; Morton, John, & Steffen-Batóg, Maria. 1968. The perception of stress in synthetic speechlike stimuli by Polish listeners. In W. Jassem,ed., Speech Analysis and Synthesis 1. Warszawa: Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe, 289-308.
Jassem, Wiktor; Steffen-Batóg, Maria & Czajka, S. 1973. Statistical characteristics of short term average F0 distributions as personal voice features. In W. Jasssem, ed., Speech Analysis and Synthesis 3, Warszawa: Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe, 209-225.
Jones, Daniel 1956. Outline of English Phonetics. Cambridge: Heffer.
Karpiński, Maciej; Jarmołowicz-Nowikow, Ewa & Malisz, Zofia 2008. Aspects of Gestural and Prosodic Structure of Multimodal Utterances in Polish Task-oriented Dialogues. In: G. Demenko, K. Jassem, St. Szpakowicz (Eds.) Speech and Language Technology, vol. XI, 113-122.
Karpiński, Maciej & Szalkowska-Kim, Emilia 2012. On Intonation of Korean and Polish Questions. Speech and Language Technology, vol. 14/15, 137-148.
Karpiński, Maciej 2012. The Boundaries of Language: Dealing with Paralinguistic Features. Lingua Posnaniensis, vol. LIV (2)/2012. PL ISSN 0079-4740, ISBN 978-83-7654-252-2, 37-54.
Karpiński, Maciej & Kleśta, Janusz 2001. The Project of Intonational Database for the Polish Language. In St. Puppel, G. Demenko (Eds.), Prosody 2000. Poznań: Faculty of Modern Languages and Literature, UAM.
Kingdon, Robert 1966. The groundwork of English intonation. London: Longmans.
Kochanski, Greg P. & Shih, Chillin 2000. STEM-ML: Language independent prosody description. Proceedings of the International Conference on Spoken Language Processing, Beijing, China, 239-242.
Kohler, Klaus J. 1995. The Kiel intonation model (KIM), its implementation in TTS synthesis, and its application to the study of spontaneous speech, http://www.ipds.uni-kiel.de/kjk/forschung/kim.en.html, based on a paper presented at the ATR Workshop on Computational Modelling of Prosody for Spontaneous Speech Processing, Kyoto/Japan, 12-14 April 1995
Ladd, Dwight R. 1996. Intonational Phonology. Cambridge University Press.
Ladd, Dwight R. 1983. Levels vs. Configurations, Revisited. In: F.B. Agard, G. Kelley A. Makkai, V.B. Makkai (Eds.) Essays in Honor of Charles F. Hockett. Leiden: E.J.Brill, 49-59, ISBN 90 04 07039 7.
Liberman, A.M., Delattre, P.C., & Cooper, F.S. 1952. The role of selected stimulus-variables in the perception of the unvoiced stop consonants. American Journal of Psychology, 65, 497-516.
Liberman, Alvin M. 1957. Some results of research on speech perception. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 29.1, 117-123.
Linell, Per 2004. The Written Language Bias in Linguistics: Its Nature, Origins and Transformations. New York: Routledge.
Mehler, Jacques 1981. The role of syllables in speech processing. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, 295, 333-352.
Mehler, Jacques; Dommergues, Jean Yves; Frauenfelder, Uli & Segui, Juan 1981. The syllable’s role in speech segmentation. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior 20, 298-305.
McNeill, D., & Lindig, K. 1973. The perceptual reality of phonemes, syllables, words, and sentences. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 12(4), 419-430.
d’Alessandro, Christophe & Mertens, Piet 1995. Automatic pitch contour stylization using a model of tonal perception, Computer Speech & Language, Volume 9, Issue 3, July 1995, pp. 257-288, ISSN 0885-2308, http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/csla.1995.0013.
Mertens, Piet 2004. The Prosogram: Semi-automatic transcription of prosody based on a tonal perception model. Speech Prosody Conference Proceedings, Nara, Japan.
O’Connor, J.D. & Arnold, G.F. 1961. Intonation of Colloquial English, London: Longman.
Pierrehumbert, Jannet B. 1980. The Phonology and Phonetics of English Intonation. PhD dissertation, MIT. [IULC edition, 1987].
Port, Robert F. 2008. All is prosody: Phones and phonemes are the ghosts of letters. In Proc 4th Speech Prosody Conference, pp. 7-16.
Rossi, Mario 2000. Intonation: Past, Present, and Future. In Antonis Botinis (Ed.) Intonation: analysis, Modelling and Technology. Kluwer Academic Press.
Savin, H. B., & Bever, T. G. 2007. The nonperceptual reality of the phoneme. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 9, 295-302.
Steffen-Batóg, Maria, Jassem Wiktor & H. Gruszka-Kościelak. 1970. Statistical distribution of short-term F0 values as a personal voice characteristic. In W. Jassem, (Ed.), Speech Analysis and Synthesis 2. Warszawa: Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe, 197-206.
Steffen-Batóg, Maria 1966. Versuch einer strukturellen Analyse der polnischen Aussagemelodie. Zeitschrift für Phonetik, Sprachwissenschaft und Kommunikationsforchung, 19, (6), 397-440.
Steffen-Batóg, Maria 1996. Struktura przebiegu melodii polskiego języka ogólnego (The Structure of Speech Melody Sequences in Standard Polish). Poznań: Wydawnictwo SORUS.
‘t Hart, Johan; Collier, Rene, & Cohen, Antonie 1990. A perceptual study of intonation: An experimentalphonetic approach to speech melody. Cambridge, UK: CUP.
Vaissière, Jacqueline 2005. Perception of intonation. in D. B. Pisoni and R. E. Remez (Eds.) Handbook of Speech Perception. Oxford: Blackwell.
van Santen, Jan & Möbius, Berndt 1997. Modeling pitch accent curves. Intonation: Theory, Models and Applications (Proceedings of the ESCA Workshop, 321-324, Botinis, A., Kouroupetroglou, G., & Carayiannis, G.(Eds.) ESCA & the University of Athens.
Wagner, Agnieszka 2008. A comprehensive model of intonation for application in speech synthesis. Unpublished PhD Thesis defended at Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poland.
Wypych, Mikołaj 2011. Układ rozpoznający struktury intonacyjne w sygnale mowy. A doctoral thesis defended in 2012 at the Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences. Unpublished.
License
Copyright (c) 2016 Maciej Karpiński
![Creative Commons License](http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nc-nd/4.0/88x31.png)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.