Abstract
The purpose of this article is to present a technique of dual annotation of Old English ambivalent structures in diachronic annotated corpus linguistics. In languages there are often structures which are ambivalent, and it is difficult to establish whether they are main or dependent. These clauses are problematic for a corpus linguist annotating them for computer analysis of word order configurations. As a solution to this problem we suggest that such structures be annotated in two ways, namely on the one hand as main and on the other hand as dependent. Such a procedure allows one to obtain more objective results from word order analysis. Moreover, dual annotation is more flexible and is able to grasp the changeable nature of languageReferences
Aarts Bas, McMahon April. 2006. The Handbook of English Linguistics. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing.
Baker Peter S. 2003. Introduction to Old English. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing.
Baker Paul, Hardie Andrew, McEnry Tony. 2006. A Glossary of Corpus Linguistics. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Battye Adrian, Roberts Ian (eds). 1995. Clause Structure and Language Change. New York: Oxford University Press.
Bednarczuk Leszek. 1980. “Origin of Indo-European Parataxis.” In: Ramat 1980: 145-154.
Blake Norman (ed.). 1992. The Cambridge History of the English Language. Vol. 2. Cambridge: CUP .
Curzan Anne, Palmer Chris. 2006. “The Importance of Historical Corpora, Reliability and Reading. In: Facchinetti & Rissanen 2006: 17-34.
Delbrück Berthold. 1900. Vergleichende Syntax der indogermanischen Sprachen. Vol. 3. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Denison David. 1993: English Historical Syntax: Verbal Constructions. London-New York: Longman.
Facchinetti Roberta, Rissanen Matti (eds). 2006. Corpus-based Studies of Diachronic English. Bern: Peter Lang.
Fischer Olga, van Kemenade Ans, Koopman Willem, van der Wurff Wim. 2000. The Syntax of Early English. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Friedrich Paul. 1975. Proto-Indo-European Syntax. Journal of Indo-European Studies. Monograph 1.
Fortson Benjamin W . 2004. Indo-European Language and Culture. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing.
Greenberg Joseph H . 1963. “Some Universals of Language with Special Reference to the Order of Meaningful Elements.” In: Greenberg (ed.) 1963: 73-113.
Greenberg Joseph H . (ed.). 1963. Universals of Language. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Harris Alice, Campbell Lyle. 1995. Historical Syntax in Cross-linguistic Perspective. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Hogg Richard M. (ed.). 1992. The Cambridge History of the English Language. Vol. 1. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Jucker Andreas H . 1991. “Between Hypotaxis and Parataxis. Clauses of Reason in Ancrene Wisse.” In: Kastovsky 1991: 203-219.
Kastovsky Dieter (ed.). 1991. Historical English Syntax. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
Kiparsky Paul. 1995. “Indo-European Origins of Germanic Syntax.” In: Batt ye & Roberts 1995: 140-169.
Kohonen Viljo. 1978. On the Development of English Word Order in Religious Prose Around 1000 and 1200 A.D. Åbo: Research Institute of the Åbo Akademi Foundation.
Lehmann Winfred P . 1974. Proto-Indo-European Syntax. Austin-London: University of Texas Press.
Mazzoleni Marco. 2002. “La ‘paraipotassi’ con ma in italiano antico: verso una tipologia sintattica della correlazione.” Verbum 4. Budapest, Akadémiai Kiadó: 399-427.
McEnry Tony, Wilson Andrew. 2001. Corpus Linguistics. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
McEnery Tony, Xiao Richard, Tono Yukio. 2006. Corpus-based Language Studies: An Advanced Resource Book. New York: Routledge.
Meier-Brügger Michael, Fritz Matthias, Mayrhofer Manfred. 2003. Indo-European Linguistics. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter.
Mitchell Bruce. 1985. Old English Syntax. 2 vols. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Mitchell Bruce. 1988. On Old English. New York: Basil Blackwell.
Mitchell Bruce, Robinson Fred C. 2007. A Guide to Old English. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing.
Molencki Rafał. 1997. “Surface Word Order in Subordinate Clauses in Early West Saxon Prose. Linguistica Silesiana 18, 29-38.
Olson Michael. 1981. Barai Clause Junctures: Towards a Functional Theory of Inter-clause Relations. Ph.D. Dissertation Australian National University.
Pala Karel, Rychlý Pavel, Smrž Pavel. 1997. “DESAM - Annotated Corpus for Czech.” In: Plášil & Jeffrey 1997: 523-530.
Pintzuk Susan. 1993. Phrase Structure Variation in Old English. Paper presented at the Second Diachronic Generative syntax Workshop at University of Pennsylvania, 5-8 November 1992. MS.
Pintzuk Susan. 1995. “Variation and Change in Old English Clause Structure.” Language Variation and Change 7, 229-260.
Plášil Frantisek, Jeffrey Keith G . (eds). 1997. SOFSEM’97: Theory and Practice of Informatics. Berlin: Springer.
Ramat Paolo (ed.). 1980. Linguistic Reconstruction and Indo-European Syntax. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Roberts Ian. 2007. Diachronic Syntax. New York: Oxford University Press.
Scaglione Aldo. 1972. The Classical Theory of Composition. From Its Origins to the Present: a Historical Survey. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
Smith Jesse. 1971. Word Order in the Older Germanic Dialects. University of Illinois dissertation. Urbana-Champaign.
Van Valin Robert D. 2005. Exploring The Syntax-semantics Interface. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
License
Copyright (c) 2012 Ireneusz Kida
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.