OPIS CZASOPISMA "Slavia Occidentalis" publikuje artykuły dotyczące problematyki zachodniosłowiańskiego językoznawstwa diachronicznego i synchronicznego. Dominuje pierwsza z wymienionych perspektyw. Autorzy piszą najczęściej o polszczyźnie, kaszubszczyźnie, językach łużyckich, związkach języków słowiańskich z innymi językami. POLITYKA FUNKCJONOWANIA CZASOPISMA AKTUALNY NUMER ARCHIWUM INDEKSOWANE W: ERIH; BazHum; <span style="color: #646464; font-family: arial; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial; display: inline !important; float: none;">ROAD, CROSSREF, WIKIPEDIA PL (POLISH), WIKIDATA, OPENALEX, <span style="color: #646464; font-family: arial; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial; display: inline !important; float: none;">THE KEEPERS WSKAŹNIKI OCENY CZASOPISMA: Punktacja MNiSW: 20 DOI: 10.14746/so ISSN: 0081-0002 e-ISSN: 2544-9222 PRACE PUBLIKOWANE W CZASOPIŚMIE DOSTĘPNE SĄ NA LICENCJI: Creative Commons Uznanie autorstwa - Użycie niekomercyjne - Bez utworów zależnych 4.0 Międzynarodowe.
Jubileusz 90-lecia urodzin profesora Władysława Kupiszewskiego
The object of this article are the academic and organisational achievements of W. Kupiszewski, a professor of the University of Warsaw. The professor researched mainly Polish dialectology and the history of the Polish language. The article contains covers of Prof. Kupiszewski’s books.
Prawa autorskie (c) 2024 TADEUSZ LEWASZKIEWICZ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
In modern Polish, the adjective sowity belongs to the book style and has the meaning ‘abundant, ample, rich’, e.g. ample time. The subject of the article is a chronological, semantic and etymological analysis of the word. Much attention has been devoted to study its origin and a formal-semantic evolution in Polish as well as some other Slavic languages (Ukrainian, Belarusian, Lithuanian) which have proved not entirely convincing. Thus, everything seems to indicate that the Polish adjective sowity is a native formation. It was coined from the base of the verb *sovati, *sujǫ ‘to slip, push in, press in, cram in, etc.’. with the help of the -it(y) suffix. Its original meaning was ‘slipped in, pushed in, pressed in, crammed in, etc.’. Consequently, the meaning of the Old Polish combination of a sowity coat ‘lined with cloth or fur, literally: stuffed, lined with something’ becomes perfectly clear. The meaning further developed as follows: ‘double, twofold, dual, amounting to the double amount, Latin duplex, duplus’ > ‘generous, abundant, rich, lavish, abundant with excess, measured with usury’ and others. It should be noted that when it comes to the latter, sowity very much resembles the adjective (from the origin of the past participle of the past tense from suć < *suti, *sъpǫ ‘to poor’) suty ‘abundant, rich, prosperous’ and ‘generous, abundant, lordly’, e.g. abundant payment, abundant remuneration, ‘prosperous; magnificent, splendid’, e.g. rich and abundant dress, rich attire. It is hard to resist the impression that sowity and suty influenced each other semantically, cf. above all the common meaning ‘generous, abundant, rich, prosperous, generous’.
Prawa autorskie (c) 2024 ADAM FAŁOWSKI https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Польські впливи в руських грамотах XIV-XVII ст.
This paper aims to analyze the role of Polish documents and the official Polish business language in the formation and development of the syntax and, more generally, the style of Ruthenian deeds from the second half of the 14th and the first half of the 17th century. Since the formula of Ruthenian acts from the 14th to the first half of the 16th century developed under the influence of Czech and Latin models, as well as the then casual or business Polish, by the middle of the 16th century, a certain similarity had emerged between Russian- and Polish-language registers. In fact, the stage was set for the adoption and functioning of subsequent borrowings from the Polish formular, which in such circumstances did not seem artificial or alien in the Russian language. The influence of the formular of the Polish-language deeds became evident in Ruthenian diplomas from the mid- 16th century. Over time, they intensified and reached the peak by the mid- 17th century. Polish influences in the style of Ruthenian deeds following the Union of Lublin manifested themselves in the use of new formulas and in the role of the Polish language as a disseminator and activator of linguistic phenomena corresponding to Polish ones: anything that did not resemble the Polish style models had to be changed to bear the resemblance. On the other hand, it should be stressed that the development of the Ruthenian formular was not a slavish imitation of other stylistic models. Rather, it was a creative process: the formulas were modified to form new variants of linguistic clichés. From the mid- 16th century, especially following the Union of Lublin, the syntax of the Russian acts (heavily influenced by the Polish language) was reconstructed according to the rhetorical model. This was due both to the general rhetoric prevailing in Polish prose genres, and to the spread of the European Latin-language model of education in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, including Ukraine. Rhetoric at the level of the syntax was reflected in the dominance of the period, based on the hypotactic principle, and was the main characteristic of the syntactic organization of the text.
Prawa autorskie (c) 2024 ОЛЬГА М. ГЕРАЩЕНКО https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Relacje Aleksandra Brücknera z Romualdem Hubem: o problemie polsko-niemieckiego dialogu naukowego końca XIX wieku
The article focuses on the peculiarities of the research laboratory of Aleksander Brückner and Romuald Hube used in their work on the collection of texts of court oaths from the 14th and 15th centuries. The background of the history of the academic dialogue between the two scholars is based on Aleksander Brückner’s letters kept in the Jagiellonian Library. They have never been used as a source of biographical information about A. Brückner or R. Hube. On the basis of the epistolary materials and additional published sources, the author attempts to reconstruct the process of working on the publication of invaluable artefacts of the medieval Polish language.
Prawa autorskie (c) 2024 EUGEN GORB https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Nad vybranými úskalími překladu Haškova Švejka
An adequate artistic translation of the world-famous Hašek´s novel „The Fateful Adventures of the Good Soldier Švejk During the World War“ is exceedingly difficult. Although we start from the position of translatability, it is necessary to point out a lot of problems and challenges which can be resolved only with extreme difficulties. Let us remind of Hašek´s comic relief, expressivity, period allusions and reality, functional alternation of colloquial and literary language, many slang expressions and other phenomena like stammering, mutilated Czech and some hard to translate grammar forms (for exapmle addressing an individual in plural). This article focuses above all on the traslation of passages written in foreign languages. In this respect, the novel offers a wide range of examples in Latin, Hungarian, Polish, Russian and Serbo-Croatian (even in their deformed form). When handling passages written in foreign languages, a translator should bear in mind the author’s communication purposes (for example, evoking an atmosphere of a foreign milieu or a comic situation), at the same time ensuring that they are understandable to a reader. In general, it is recommended to translate passages important from a semantic point of view and reduce their strangeness merely to the form of an indication (for example, adding “He said in Turkish“ after direct speech). The article analyses and comments on four methods of translation as proposed by A. V. Tchirikov.
Prawa autorskie (c) 2024 MILAN HRDLIČKA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
O gwarowym wyrazie kalafa ‘rzadkie błoto, maź’ i jego wariantach
The article discusses the dialect word kalafa meaning ‘running mud, goo’ and its variants kalawa, kolawa, kalowa, chalawa, galafa, also explaining the reasons for the variants. The basic variant has been established and its origin determined. Other meanings of the above dialectal words are also presented, including ‘a puddle after rain’, ‘a pond (usually shallow and muddy)’, ‘liquid manure’. Based on the lexicographical and atlas attestations, their territorial ranges have been determined. Kalafa is a homonymic word, so data on the homonym kalafa ‘muzzle, gob’, pejorative of ‘face’, also ‘nose’, ‘mouth’ are also presented. Reference has been also made to onomastic data, i.e. local names: Kolawa, Kolawy, Kalawa as well as surnames: Kalafa, Kalawa, Kolawa, and surname forms derived from them (e.g. Kalawski, Kolawski, Kalawinski, Kolawczyk). The analysis of dialectal data has also made it possible to put forward a new etymological hypothesis as to the kolawa || kalawa appellative, the Kolawa || Kalawa anthroponym, and the co-native names.
Prawa autorskie (c) 2024 HALINA KARAŚ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Uwagi o polszczyźnie północnokresowej w wileńskim druczku instructio compendiaria de accentu polonico z XVIII wieku
The Vilnius print consists of 29 articles of varying length (from a few to more than a dozen lines), containing orthoepic notes on spelling, phonetics and partially accidence of the Polish language used in the late 17th/early 18th centuries. It is no exaggeration to state that this Latin print is the oldest Polish dictionary of correct usage. It can be of interest to researchers into Polish historical grammar. This article focuses on chapter 25 which is of special importance for the history of the Polish language spoken in Eastern Borderlands.
Prawa autorskie (c) 2024 TADEUSZ LEWASZKIEWICZ, WIESŁAW WYDRA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Nowy/obcy w szkole – jaki obraz ucznia cudzoziemskiego przedstawiają nauczyciele szkół podstawowych (wnioski z badania ankietowego)
This article is a development of a paper delivered during the Forum Młodych Badaczy Języka Regionu (Forum for Young Language Researchers of the Region) organized on 3 March 2022 by the Studenckie Dialektologiczne Koło Naukowe (Students’ Dialectology Study Group) that took place at the Faculty of Polish and Classical Philology of Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań. The aim of this text is to show how primary school teachers perceive foreign students in Polish primary schools. The overriding issue is the teachers’ opinions on the communication barrier and if the perceived difficulties spearhead measures to minimize the difficulties by, among other things, enhancing (glotto)didactic competences. The considerations are based on the findings of a survey conducted by the author in 2021 as part of her bachelor’s thesis. The analysis and interpretation include statements of teachers of the second stage of education. With the help of tools developed within the framework of cognitive methodology (linguistic worldview), profiles of foreign students have been identified. The material shows how teachers perceive and value foreign learners and which teaching aids they can use while educating this group of pupils.
Prawa autorskie (c) 2024 NATALIA RÓŻYCKA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Losy Dobrego Żołnierza Szwejka W ZSRR i w Rosji
The article presents the complicated and often tragic history of the translation of Jaroslav Hašek’s novel into Russian. Using selected examples, the author also demonstrates the advantages and disadvantages of various Russian translations, partly compared to the existing Polish ones. In addition, the paper discusses the reception of Hašek’s text in the USSR and in contemporary Russia where the work remains almost unknown to younger readers . In contrast, over time it is becoming more and more relevant to others.
Prawa autorskie (c) 2024 SERGIEJ SKORWID https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Jak dotrzeć do zrozumienia tekstu literackiego? Kilka refleksji na temat Ballady Pani Twardowska Adama Mickiewicza w odbiorze uczniów Polskich I Cudzoziemskich
The aim of my thesis is to reflect on Pani Twardowska, a literary text written by Adam Mickiewicz, and how Polish and foreign students receive and understand this text by. Its language and interpretation pose a challenge to students and teachers. An analysis of the ballad which is assigned reading, shows difficult fragments because of failure to recognize the various aspects of the language. It also leads to considering a practice of working with an old literary text that serves as a representative of an old era language and an exponent of culture. The considerations are accompanied by a question of possible use of glottodidactic methods to support an analysis and interpretation of a literary text during Polish classed conducted in a linguistically and culturally diverse group of students.
Prawa autorskie (c) 2024 MAGDALENA SOCHA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Pogranicze językowe jako element świata przedstawionego w literaturze polskiej XX i XXI wieku (na wybranych przykładach)
The subject of consideration in this article are exemplary linguistic devices of borderland provenance, rather unknown to the general Polish, which clearly situate the place of action on the borderland of Polish-Belarusian-Lithuanian cultures and, consequently, represent an important element in building the atmosphere of Szczenięce lata by Melchior Wańkowicz and two novels by Krzysztof Gedroyć: Piwonia, niemowa, głosy and Piwonia odrodzona. Selected phenomena like narrowing (reduction) of e>i, y, akanye, pronunciation of nasals, confusion in the use of forms with e // Ø, mixing of consonants š , ž, č : s‘, z’, c’ : ś, ź, ć : s, z, c, the occurrence of the strengthening participle że in a reduced form, the use of the reflexive pronoun się next to an active verb, the disappearance of the onset n in prepositional phrases next to the personal pronouns he, she, it, the dominance in dependent cases - even in the unstressed position - of the longer form of personal pronouns, the construction for + D instead of C, the construction u mnie jest ‘I have’, expressions characteristic of borderland Polish, complex constructions and vocabulary. Attention has been drawn to the significant differences between the language of Wańkowicz the narrator, and the language of the characters in his novels, as well as to the lack of this difference between the language of the narrator and the language of the literary characters in Krzysztof Gedroyć’s novels Piwonia, niemowa, głosy and Piwonia odrodzona.In doing so, not only have the roots of both writers been identified, but also the authors’ extraordinary care to bring out the creative qualities of the dialect as an important component of the depicted world. As a result, the language of the cultural borderlands is revealed in the texts under discussion with full force and artistic intent.
Prawa autorskie (c) 2024 Urszula Sokólska https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Kak wjele kompetentnych powědarjow dolnoserbšćiny jo w lěśe 2024? Pówoblicenje na zakłaźe aktualnych datow
Lower Sorbian is a Slavic language that has become almost extinct. As is the case of Upper Sorbian, there are no academic estimations of the current number of speakers of Lower Sorbian. Many German-language publications, including texts published by governmental institutions, overestimate the numbers of Lower Sorbian speakers, they are outdated or simply wrong. The authors take an innovative approach, initially defining a competent speaker of a minority language, and finally coming up with an estimation of the number of competent speakers of Lower Sorbian in 2024 based on latest data.
Prawa autorskie (c) 2024 Till Wojto, Sabine Asmus https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Językowa percepcja zapachu w kulturze polskiej (na materiale eksperymentu psycholingwistycznego)
The article presents the results of an experiment carried out with Polish language users, namely the linguistic representation of an unpleasant smell in Polish linguistic culture, and the smells identified by the speakers in the bathroom and the bedroom a reflection of these concepts in Polish dictionaries. Psycholinguistic realities differ from the lexicographic representation, there is no reference to smell in the dictionaries which, in my opinion, may hinder recognition specific objects.
Prawa autorskie (c) 2024 Alina Yodlovska https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Martina Ireinová. Vit Voženilek et al. Atlas nářečí českého jazyka – nominativ singuláru feminin. Univerzita Palackého v Olomouci, Olomouc 2023, ss. 108
Prawa autorskie (c) 2024 Jerzy Sierociuk https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0