Revised model of social change and acceleration: the case of Iranian society in the 1960s and 1970s
PDF

Keywords

social acceleration
social stability and change
stability through dynamization
Iranian society

Abstract

This article aims to address the processes of social changes in terms of the theory of social acceleration. It begins with an outline of the theory of social acceleration and discusses how an investigation into the driving forces of social acceleration can be used to explain the dynamics of social stability and change. It criticizes the acceleration theory because its focus is merely on high-industrialized western societies as well as the neglect of normative and religious aspects in the processes of social acceleration and change. This article proposes a revised model of social acceleration and applies it to Iranian society. It identifies the main features of acceleration-cycle formed in Iranian society in the 1960s and 1970s to answer the question of why the cycle of acceleration could not establish a self-propelling acceleratory formation as a prime requirement for preserving social stability.

https://doi.org/10.14746/sr.2022.6.3.07
PDF

References

Abrahamian, Ervand. 1982. Iran between two Revolutions. New Jersey, Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Abrahamian, Ervand. 2008. A History of Modern Iran. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Abrahamian, Ervand. 2013. The Coup 1953, The CIA, and the Roots of Modern U.S.-Iranian Relations. New York: The New Press.

Afkhami, Gh. Reza. 2009. The Life and Times of the shah. Berkeley, California: University of California Press.

Ashraf, Ahmand. 1995. “From the White Revolution to the Islamic Revolution”. Pp. 21-44 In Iran after the Revolution: Crisis of an Islamic State, edited by S. Rahnama & S. Behdad. London: I.B. Tauris & Co Ltd.

Bayat, Asef. 1983. „Farhang va Ravan-e Proletar Shodan-e Kargaran-e Karkhanehjat-e Tehran“. Alefba, No. 4. 85-105.

Bayat, Asef. 1987. Workers and Revolution in Iran: A Third World Exprience of Workers‘ Control. London: Zed Books Ltd.

Bayat, Asef. 1997. Street Politics: Poor People’s Movements in Iran. Columbia University Press.

Beck, J. Colin. 2018. “The Structure of Comparison in the Study of Revolution”. Sociological Theory, 36(2), 131-161. DOI:10.1177/0735275118777004

Chehabi, E. Houchang. 1990. Iranian Politics and Religious Modernists: The Liberation Movement of Iran under the Shah and Khomeini. London: I.B. Tauris & Co Ltd.

Dörre, Klaus., Lessenich, Stefen. & Rosa, Hartmut. 2009. Soziologie-Kapitalismus-Kritik: Eine Debatte. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp.

Foran, John. 1993a. “Theories of Revolution Revisited: Toward a Fourth Generation”. Sociological Theory, 11(1), 1-20. DOI: 10.2307/201977

Foran, John. 1993b. Fragile Resistance: Social Transformation in Iran from 1500 to the Revolution. Westview Press.

Foran, John. 2005. Taking Power: On the Origins of Third World Revolutions. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Goldstone, A. Jack. 2001. “Toward a Fourth Generation of Revolutionary Theory.” Annual Review of Political Science, 4, 139–87. DOI:10.1146/annurev.polisci.4.1.139

Hakimian, Hossein. 1988. “Industrialization and the Standard of Living of the Working Class in Iran, 1960-79”. Development and Change, 19, 3-32.

Halper, Louise. 2011. “Authority, Modernity and Gender-relevant Legislation in Iran.” pp. 11-23 In Gender in Contemporary Iran: Pushing the Boundaries, edited by R. Bahramitash & E. Hooglund. London: Routledge.

Hantington, P. Samuel. 1968. Political Order in Changing Societies. New Haven: Yale University Press

Hooglund, J. Eric. 1982. Land and Revolution in Iran 1960-1980. Austin: University of Texas Press.

Katouzian, Homa. 1981. The Political Economy of Modern Iran: Despotism and Pseudo-Modernism, 1926-1979. London: London: Macmillan.

Kazemi, Abbas. 2017. Amr-e Roozmareh dar Jameh-e Pasa-Enghelabi. Tehran: Farhang-e Javid.

Keddie, R. Nikki. 2006. Modern Iran: Roots and Results of Revolution. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press.

Keshavarzian, Arang. 2007. Bazaar and State in Iran: The Politics of the Tehran Marketplace. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Kurzman, Charles. 2004. The Unthinkable Revolution in Iran. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.

McDaniel, Tim. 1991. Autocracy, Modernization, and Revolution in Russia and Iran. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Mahdavi, Hossein. 1970. “The Patterns and Problems of Economic Development in Rentier States: The Case of Iran”. pp. 428-467 in Studies in Economic History of the Middle East: From the Rise of Islam to the Present Day, edited by M. A. Cook. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Marashi, Afshin. 2008. Nationalizing Iran: Culture, Power & the State, 1870-1940. Washington: University of Washington Press.

Mirsepassi, Ali. 2004. Intellectual Discourse and the Politics of Modernization: Negotiation Modernity in Iran. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Mitchell, Timothy. 2013. Carbon Democracy: political Power in the Age of Oil. New York: Verso.

Moeini, S.H.Iraj, Arefian, Mehran., Kashani, Bahodor., Abassi, Golnar. 2018. Urban Culture in Tehran. Springer International Publishing.

Najmabadi, Afsaneh. 1991. “Hazards of Modernity and Morality: Women, State and Ideology in Contemporary Iran”. pp. 48-75 In Women, Islam, and the State, edited by D. Kandiyoti. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.

Opp, Karl-Dieter. 2009. Theories of Political Protest and Social Movements: A Multidisciplinary Introduction, Critique, and Synthesis. London: Routledge Press.

Rajaeee, Farhang. 2007. Islamism and Modernism: The Changing Discourse in Iran. Austin: University of Texas Press.

Ritter, P. Daniel. 2015. Iron Cage of Liberalism: International Politics and Unarmed Revolutions in the Middle East and North Africa. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Rosa, Hartmut. 2005. Beschleunigung: Die Veränderung der Zeitstrukturen in der Moderne. Frankfurt: Suhrkamp.

Rosa, Hartmut. 2010. Alienation and Acceleration: Towards a Critical Theory of Late-Modern Temporality. Copenhagen: Aarhus University Press.

Rosa, Hartmut., Dörre, Klaus., & Lessenich, Stefan. 2017. “Appropriation, Activation and Acceleration: The Escalatory Logics of Capitalist Modernity and the Crisis of Dynamic Stabilization”. Theory, Culture & Society, 34 (1), 53-73. DOI:10.1177/0263276416657600

Sabahi, Farian. 2004. Literacy Corps. Retrieved March 26, 2021 ( http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/literacy-corps-1)

Safir, P. Hassan. 2019. Soziale Beschleunigung in Nicht-Westlichen Gesellschaften. Bielefeld: Transkript.

Sedghi, Hamideh. 2007. Women and Politics in Iran. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Skocpol, Theda. 1982. “Rentier State and Shi’a in the Iranian Revolution”. Theory and Society, 11(3), 265-283.

Tazmini, Ghocheh. 2012. Revolution and Reform in Russia and Iran. London. I.B. Tauris & Co Ltd.

Walton, Thomas. 1980. “Economic Development and Revolutionary Upheavals in Iran”. Cambridge Journal of Economics, 4(3), 271-292.