Abstract
This article aims to address the processes of social changes in terms of the theory of social acceleration. It begins with an outline of the theory of social acceleration and discusses how an investigation into the driving forces of social acceleration can be used to explain the dynamics of social stability and change. It criticizes the acceleration theory because its focus is merely on high-industrialized western societies as well as the neglect of normative and religious aspects in the processes of social acceleration and change. This article proposes a revised model of social acceleration and applies it to Iranian society. It identifies the main features of acceleration-cycle formed in Iranian society in the 1960s and 1970s to answer the question of why the cycle of acceleration could not establish a self-propelling acceleratory formation as a prime requirement for preserving social stability.
References
Abrahamian, Ervand. 1982. Iran between two Revolutions. New Jersey, Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Abrahamian, Ervand. 2008. A History of Modern Iran. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Abrahamian, Ervand. 2013. The Coup 1953, The CIA, and the Roots of Modern U.S.-Iranian Relations. New York: The New Press.
Afkhami, Gh. Reza. 2009. The Life and Times of the shah. Berkeley, California: University of California Press.
Ashraf, Ahmand. 1995. “From the White Revolution to the Islamic Revolution”. Pp. 21-44 In Iran after the Revolution: Crisis of an Islamic State, edited by S. Rahnama & S. Behdad. London: I.B. Tauris & Co Ltd.
Bayat, Asef. 1983. „Farhang va Ravan-e Proletar Shodan-e Kargaran-e Karkhanehjat-e Tehran“. Alefba, No. 4. 85-105.
Bayat, Asef. 1987. Workers and Revolution in Iran: A Third World Exprience of Workers‘ Control. London: Zed Books Ltd.
Bayat, Asef. 1997. Street Politics: Poor People’s Movements in Iran. Columbia University Press.
Beck, J. Colin. 2018. “The Structure of Comparison in the Study of Revolution”. Sociological Theory, 36(2), 131-161. DOI:10.1177/0735275118777004
Chehabi, E. Houchang. 1990. Iranian Politics and Religious Modernists: The Liberation Movement of Iran under the Shah and Khomeini. London: I.B. Tauris & Co Ltd.
Dörre, Klaus., Lessenich, Stefen. & Rosa, Hartmut. 2009. Soziologie-Kapitalismus-Kritik: Eine Debatte. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp.
Foran, John. 1993a. “Theories of Revolution Revisited: Toward a Fourth Generation”. Sociological Theory, 11(1), 1-20. DOI: 10.2307/201977
Foran, John. 1993b. Fragile Resistance: Social Transformation in Iran from 1500 to the Revolution. Westview Press.
Foran, John. 2005. Taking Power: On the Origins of Third World Revolutions. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Goldstone, A. Jack. 2001. “Toward a Fourth Generation of Revolutionary Theory.” Annual Review of Political Science, 4, 139–87. DOI:10.1146/annurev.polisci.4.1.139
Hakimian, Hossein. 1988. “Industrialization and the Standard of Living of the Working Class in Iran, 1960-79”. Development and Change, 19, 3-32.
Halper, Louise. 2011. “Authority, Modernity and Gender-relevant Legislation in Iran.” pp. 11-23 In Gender in Contemporary Iran: Pushing the Boundaries, edited by R. Bahramitash & E. Hooglund. London: Routledge.
Hantington, P. Samuel. 1968. Political Order in Changing Societies. New Haven: Yale University Press
Hooglund, J. Eric. 1982. Land and Revolution in Iran 1960-1980. Austin: University of Texas Press.
Katouzian, Homa. 1981. The Political Economy of Modern Iran: Despotism and Pseudo-Modernism, 1926-1979. London: London: Macmillan.
Kazemi, Abbas. 2017. Amr-e Roozmareh dar Jameh-e Pasa-Enghelabi. Tehran: Farhang-e Javid.
Keddie, R. Nikki. 2006. Modern Iran: Roots and Results of Revolution. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press.
Keshavarzian, Arang. 2007. Bazaar and State in Iran: The Politics of the Tehran Marketplace. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Kurzman, Charles. 2004. The Unthinkable Revolution in Iran. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.
McDaniel, Tim. 1991. Autocracy, Modernization, and Revolution in Russia and Iran. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Mahdavi, Hossein. 1970. “The Patterns and Problems of Economic Development in Rentier States: The Case of Iran”. pp. 428-467 in Studies in Economic History of the Middle East: From the Rise of Islam to the Present Day, edited by M. A. Cook. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Marashi, Afshin. 2008. Nationalizing Iran: Culture, Power & the State, 1870-1940. Washington: University of Washington Press.
Mirsepassi, Ali. 2004. Intellectual Discourse and the Politics of Modernization: Negotiation Modernity in Iran. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Mitchell, Timothy. 2013. Carbon Democracy: political Power in the Age of Oil. New York: Verso.
Moeini, S.H.Iraj, Arefian, Mehran., Kashani, Bahodor., Abassi, Golnar. 2018. Urban Culture in Tehran. Springer International Publishing.
Najmabadi, Afsaneh. 1991. “Hazards of Modernity and Morality: Women, State and Ideology in Contemporary Iran”. pp. 48-75 In Women, Islam, and the State, edited by D. Kandiyoti. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.
Opp, Karl-Dieter. 2009. Theories of Political Protest and Social Movements: A Multidisciplinary Introduction, Critique, and Synthesis. London: Routledge Press.
Rajaeee, Farhang. 2007. Islamism and Modernism: The Changing Discourse in Iran. Austin: University of Texas Press.
Ritter, P. Daniel. 2015. Iron Cage of Liberalism: International Politics and Unarmed Revolutions in the Middle East and North Africa. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Rosa, Hartmut. 2005. Beschleunigung: Die Veränderung der Zeitstrukturen in der Moderne. Frankfurt: Suhrkamp.
Rosa, Hartmut. 2010. Alienation and Acceleration: Towards a Critical Theory of Late-Modern Temporality. Copenhagen: Aarhus University Press.
Rosa, Hartmut., Dörre, Klaus., & Lessenich, Stefan. 2017. “Appropriation, Activation and Acceleration: The Escalatory Logics of Capitalist Modernity and the Crisis of Dynamic Stabilization”. Theory, Culture & Society, 34 (1), 53-73. DOI:10.1177/0263276416657600
Sabahi, Farian. 2004. Literacy Corps. Retrieved March 26, 2021 ( http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/literacy-corps-1)
Safir, P. Hassan. 2019. Soziale Beschleunigung in Nicht-Westlichen Gesellschaften. Bielefeld: Transkript.
Sedghi, Hamideh. 2007. Women and Politics in Iran. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Skocpol, Theda. 1982. “Rentier State and Shi’a in the Iranian Revolution”. Theory and Society, 11(3), 265-283.
Tazmini, Ghocheh. 2012. Revolution and Reform in Russia and Iran. London. I.B. Tauris & Co Ltd.
Walton, Thomas. 1980. “Economic Development and Revolutionary Upheavals in Iran”. Cambridge Journal of Economics, 4(3), 271-292.
License
Manuscript authors are responsible for obtaining copyright permissions for any copyrighted materials included within manuscripts. The authors must provide permission letters, when appropriate, to the Society Register Editors.
In addition, all published papers in Society Register are published under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 Unported License.
1.1 The Author hereby warrants that he/she is the owner of all the copyright and other intellectual property rights in the Work and that, within the scope of the present Agreement, the paper does not infringe the legal rights of another person. The owner of the copyright work also warrants that he/she is the sole and original creator thereof and that is not bound by any legal constraints in regard to the use or sale of the work.
1.2. The Publisher warrants that is the owner of the PRESSto platform for open access journals, hereinafter referred to as the PRESSto Platform.
2. The Author grants the Publisher non-exclusive and free of charge license to unlimited use worldwide over an unspecified period of time in the following areas of exploitation:
2.1. production of multiple copies of the Work produced according to the specific application of a given technology, including printing, reproduction of graphics through mechanical or electrical means (reprography) and digital technology;
2.2. marketing authorisation, loan or lease of the original or copies thereof;
2.3. public performance, public performance in the broadcast, video screening, media enhancements as well as broadcasting and rebroadcasting, made available to the public in such a way that members of the public may access the Work from a place and at a time individually chosen by them;
2.4. inclusion of the Work into a collective work (i.e. with a number of contributions);
2.5. inclusion of the Work in the electronic version to be offered on an electronic platform, or any other conceivable introduction of the Work in its electronic version to the Internet;
2.6. dissemination of electronic versions of the Work in its electronic version online, in a collective work or independently;
2.7. making the Work in the electronic version available to the public in such a way that members of the public may access the Work from a place and at a time individually chosen by them, in particular by making it accessible via the Internet, Intranet, Extranet;
2.8. making the Work available according to appropriate license pattern CC BY-NC 4.0 as well as another language version of this license or any later version published by Creative Commons.
3. The Author grants the Publisher permission to reproduce a single copy (print or download) and royalty-free use and disposal of rights to compilations of the Work and these compilations.
4. The Author grants the Publisher permission to send metadata files related to the Work, including to commercial and non-commercial journal-indexing databases.
5. The Author represents that, on the basis of the license granted in the present Agreement, the Publisher is entitled and obliged to:
5.1. allow third parties to obtain further licenses (sublicenses) to the Work and to other materials, including derivatives thereof or compilations made, based on or including the Work, whereas the provisions of such sub-licenses will be the same as with the Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) Creative Commons sub-license or another language version of this license, or any later version of this license published by Creative Commons;
5.2. make the Work available to the public in such a way that members of the public may access the Work from a place and at a time individually chosen by them, without any technological constraints;
5.3. appropriately inform members of the public to whom the Work is to be made available about sublicenses in such a way as to ensure that all parties are properly informed (appropriate informing messages).
6. Because of the royalty-free provision of services of the Author (resulting from the scope of obligations stipulated in the present Agreement), the Author shall not be entitled to any author’s fee due and payable on the part of the Publisher (no fee or royalty is payable by the Publisher to the Author).
7.1. In the case of third party claims or actions for indemnity against the Publisher owing to any infractions related to any form of infringement of intellectual property rights protection, including copyright infringements, the Author is obliged to take all possible measures necessary to protect against these claims and, when as a result of legal action, the Publisher, or any third party licensed by the Publisher to use the Work, will have to abandon using the Work in its entirety or in part or, following a court ruling in a legal challenge, to pay damages to a third party, whatever the legal basis
7.2. The Author will immediately inform the Publisher about any damage claims related to intellectual property infringements, including the author’s proprietary rights pertaining to a copyrighted work, filed against the Author. of liability, the Author is obliged to redress the damage resulting from claims made by third party, including costs and expenditures incurred in the process.
7.3. To all matters not settled herein provisions of the Polish Civil Code and the Polish Copyright and Related Rights Act shall apply.