RECLAIMING URBAN SPACE: A STUDY OF COMMUNITY GARDENS IN POZNAŃ
PDF

Keywords

community gardens
urban agriculture
urban space
Poznań

How to Cite

Maćkiewicz, B., Puente Asuero, R., & Pawlak, K. (2018). RECLAIMING URBAN SPACE: A STUDY OF COMMUNITY GARDENS IN POZNAŃ. Quaestiones Geographicae, 37(4), 131–150. https://doi.org/10.2478/quageo-2018-0042

Abstract

In this paper, we discuss the presence of community gardens in urban spaces and the types of activities performed there, using the city of Poznań as a case study. First, based on interviews with representatives of selected non-governmental organisations, analyses of available Internet sources as well as our own field research, cartographic and photographic documentation, we identify community gardens in the space of the city and explore their formation process. In the course of our study we also concentrate on the type of garden location. In addition, we devote our attention to the gardens which have disappeared from the fabric of the city. Our study reveals that community gardens currently operating in Poznań are established in non-central locations. These gardens are scattered in various parts of the city. Only in the Łazarz district there are two community gardens. Most frequently, community gardens are established on plots between old blocks of flats and tenement houses. Two gardens are located on underdeveloped greenery near the Warta River and in two city parks. A detailed examination of the events held in the community gardens in the Łazarz district in the years 2014–2017 shows that they had a very diversified character. Both of them turned out to be multifunctional, i.e. hosted meetings devoted to agriculture and horticulture, environmental education, artistic events, DIY and recreation. However, the percentage of events in the structure of the meetings organised in the gardens differed considerably.

https://doi.org/10.2478/quageo-2018-0042
PDF

Funding

Special thanks go to Ms Joanna Pańczak, a curator of the Generator Malta Programme whose help in preparing this article was invaluable. But for your knowledge, patience and time, it would never have been written. We beg your forgiveness yet, if some aspects of the subject matter discussed here were excessively simplified. We also express heartfelt gratitude to the ‘Bathing Beach’ Collective: Klaudia Lewczuk, Agnieszka Malinowska, Aleksandra Dolczewska, Magdalena Garczarczyk, Justyna Pers, Joanna Januszewska and Jolanta Starzak. Many thanks for your time, experience, exchange of thoughts and discussions in the garden.

References

Aubry C., Pourias J., 2013. L’agriculture urbaine fait déjà partie du métabolisme urbain. Club Demeter Editeur, Paris: 135–155.

Anthopoulou T., 2012. Urban agriculture, social inclusion and sustainable cities: Case study of two municipal gardens in Northern Greece. Panteion University of Social and Political Science, Athens.

Boukharaeva L., Marloie M., 2010. L’apport du jardinage urbain de Russie à la théorisation de l’agriculture urbaine. VertigO-la revue électronique en sciences de l’environnement 10 (2). DOI : 10.4000/vertigo.13819.

Busquets I., Fàbregas J., 2008. Guia d’integració paisatgística 2. Horts urbans i periurbans. Departamento de Política Territorial y Obras Públicas, Generalitat de Catalunya, Barcelona.

Bradley K., Galt R.E., 2014. Practicing food justice at Dig Deep Farms & Produce, East Bay Area, California: Self-determination as a guiding value and intersections with foodie logics. Local Environment 19(2): 172–186.

Caputo S., Schwab E., Tsiambaos K., Benson M., Bonnavaud H., Demircan N., Pourias J., 2016. Emergent approaches to urban gardening. In: Bell S., Fox-Kämper R., Keshavarz N., Benson M., Caputo S., Noori S., Voigt A. (eds), Urban allotment gardens in Europe. Routledge, London/ New York: 229–253.

Duchemin E., Wegmuller F., Legault A.M., 2009. Urban agriculture: Multi-dimensional tools for social development in poor neighbourhoods. Field Actions Science Reports (2): 1–8.

Fernández Casadevante J.L., Morán N., 2015. Raíces en el asfalto: pasado, presente y futuro de la agricultura urbana. Libros en acción, Madrid.

Giedrych R., Poniży L., 2013. Ogrody działkowe jako przedmiot polityki przestrzennej i ekologicznej miast na przykładzie Warszawy i Poznania (Allotment gardens as the subject of the spatial and ecological policy of cities on the example of Warsaw and Poznań). In: Kosmala M. (ed.), Ogrody działkowe w miastach – bariera czy wartość? (Allotment gardens in cities – barrier or value). PZIiTS, Toruń: 23–33.

Harvey D., 2009. Conferencia de apertura en el marco del Seminario sobre Reforma Urbana en el Forum Social Mundial 2009. Belém do Para, Brasil.

Kałużna D., Mizgajski A., 2016. Community gardens in Poland – Impulse, assistance, expansion. In: Tappert S. (ed.), Growing in cities. Interdisciplinary perspectives on urban gardening. Conference proceedings. University of Applied Sciences, Basel: 106–118.

Latkowska M.J., 2012. „Community gardens” , czyli ogrody sąsiedzkie – nowe formy zieleni w przestrzeni miejskiej (‘Community gardens’ or neighbouring gardens – new forms of greenery in the urban space). Czasopismo Techniczne Architektura 6A(19): 271–276.

Latkowska M.J., 2016. Zielony trend. Moda na ogrody społeczne w Polsce (A green trend. Fashion for community gardens in Poland). Online: http://docplayer. pl/22303075-Zielony-trend-moda-na-ogrody-spolecznew-polsce.html (accessed: 10 August 2018).

Lefebvre H., 1968. Le droit à la Ville. Éditions du Seuil, Collection Points, Paris.

Lefebvre H., 1972. Le droit à la ville suivi de l’espace et politique. Anthropos, Paris.

Maćkiewicz B., Szczepańska M., 2017. Tereny zieleni a nazwy inwestycji deweloperskich w Poznaniu (Green areas and the names of development investments in Poznań). Rozwój Regionalny i Polityka Regionalna 40: 227–241.

Maćkiewicz B., Andrzejewski A., Kacprzak E., 2018. Koszty bezładu przestrzennego dla rynku nieruchomości (Spatial disorder costs for the real estate market). Studia KPZK PAN 182(2): 280–312.

McKay G., 2011. Radical gardening: Politics, idealism and rebellion in the garden. Frances Lincoln, London.

Moran N., Fernández Casadevante J.L., 2012. Cultivar la resiliencia. Los aportes de la agricultura urbana a las Ciudades en Transición. Papeles de relaciones ecosociales y cambio global 119: 131–143.

Orzechowska–Szajda I., Podolska A., 2013. Estetyka zagospodarowania ogrodów działkowych w Polsce i Niemczech – studium porównawcze dwóch ogrodów (Aesthetics of allotment development in Poland and Germany – a comparative study of two allotments). In: Kosmala M. (ed.), Ogrody działkowe a miastach – bariera czy wartość? (Allotments in cities – barrier or value?) PZIiTS, Toruń: 81–96.

Pawlak K., 2017. Ogrody społeczne w Poznaniu (Community gardens in Poznań). Master’s thesis manuscript.

Pokorski J., Siwiec A., 1998. Kształtowanie terenów zieleni (Shaping green areas). Wydawnictwa Szkolne i Pedagogiczne, Warszawa.

Reyburn S., 2002. Le cadre de vie et les jardins potagers communautaires à Montréal. VertigO – la revue électronique en sciences de l’environnement 3(2): DOI: 10.4000/vertigo.3794.

Rosol M., 2012a. Chapter 7 Grassroots gardening initiatives: Community gardens in Berlin. In: Davies A. (ed.), Enterprising communities: Grassroots sustainability innovations. Emerald Group Publishing Limited, Bingley: 123–143.

Rosol M., 2012b. Community volunteering as neoliberal strategy? Green space production in Berlin. Antipode 44(1): 239–257.

Skrzypczak B., 2017a. Ogród sąsiedzki – miejsce które skupia ludzi (A neighbouring garden – a place that brings people together). Online: http://warszawalokalnie. waw.pl/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/Ogr%C3%B3ds%C4%85siedzki-%E2%80%93-miejsce-kt%C3%B3reskupia-ludzi.pdf (accessed: 25 August 2018).

Skrzypczak B., 2017b. Raport CAL „Maszyny społeczne” na placu budowy wspólnot lokalnych Warszawy (the CAL report ‘Social machines’ on the construction site of Warsaw’s local communities), Warszawskie Laboratorium Innowacji Lokalnych, Warszawa.

Smit J., Ratta A., Nasr J., 1996. Urban agriculture: Food, jobs and sustainable cities. Publication Series for Habitat II, Vol. I. United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), New York.

Sondermann M., Morán N., Ioannou B., 2016. Grassroots gardening movements: Towards cooperative forms of green urban development? In: Bell S., Fox-Kämper R., Keshavarz N., Benson M., Caputo S., Noori S., Voigt A. (eds), Urban allotment gardens in Europe. Routledge, London/ New York: 84–112.

Shillington L.J., 2013. Right to food, right to the city: Household urban agriculture and socionatural metabolism in Managua, Nicaragua. Geoforum 44(1): 103–111.

Speak A.F., Mizgajski A., Borysiak J., 2015. Allotment gardens and parks: Provision of ecosystem services with an emphasis on biodiversity. Urban Forestry &Urban Greening 14: 772–781.

Szkup R., 2013. Użytkowanie rodzinnych ogrodów działkowych (ROD) przez społeczność wielkomiejską: Przykład Łodzi (Use of family allotments (ROD) by a metropolitan community: A case of Łódź). Wydawnictwo UŁ, Łódź.

Toledo V.M., Barrera-Bassols N., 2008. La memoria biocultural: La importancia ecológica de las sabidurías tradicionales. Icaria, Barcelona.

Tornaghi C., 2017. Urban agriculture in the food-disabling city: (Re)defining urban food justice, reimagining a politics of empowerment. Antipode 49(3): 781–801.

Ustawa z dnia 13 grudnia 2013 r. o rodzinnych ogrodach działkowych (Act of December 13, 2013 on family allotment gardens, Journal of Laws of 2014, item 40).

Online sources

www.bujnawarszawa.pl (accessed: 15 September 2018).

http://epoznan.pl/news-news-74429-W_Poznaniu_powstana_ogrody_spoleczne (accessed: 20 August 2018).

https://www.facebook.com/pages/ Ogr%C3%B3d-Wilda/319608048190513?fref=ts (accessed: 12 September 2018).

https://www.facebook. com/pg/ilustradoradorailustra/photos/?ref=page_internal (accessed: 5 September 2018).

https://www.facebook.com/grunwaldzkiogrod/ (accessed: 20 July 2018).

https://www.facebook.com/groups/540247426026208/?- fref=ts (accessed: 20 August 2018).

https://www.facebook.com/kolektywkapielisko/ (accessed: 20 September 2018).

https://www.facebook.com/ogrody.spoleczne/?fref=ts (accessed: 29 August 2018).

https://www.facebook.com/OgrodSpolecznynaOsiedluCzecha/ (accessed: 22 August 2018).

https://www.facebook.com/plazaogrodszelag/ (accessed: 27 August 2018).

https://generatormalta.wordpress.com/category/ogrody/ ogrod-plac-wolnosci/ (accessed: 22 September 2018).

http://greencrosspoland.org/ (accessed: 10 September 2018).

http://krakow.pl/aktualnosci/217700,29,komunikat,ogrody_spoleczne_uatrakcyjnia_blokowiska.html (accessed: 20 August 2018).

http://kolektyw-kapielisko.tumblr.com/ (accessed: 15 September 2018).

http://lokalnyfyrtel.pl/wydarzenie/cykl-spotkan-w-ogrodach-spolecznych/ (accessed: 10 September 2018)

http://lazarz.pl/?id=2&nr=4282 (accessed: 11 September 2018).

http://malta-festival.pl/pl/program/generator/ogrody-spoleczne-2 (accessed: 20 August 2018). www.naszogrodspoleczny.pl/ (accessed: 12 October 2017).

http://nieuzytkisztuki.elajablonska.com/ (accessed: 10 September 2018).

http://ogrodynh.pl (accessed: 10 September 2018)

http://osiedlemlodych.pl/stworzmy-ogrod-spoleczny-naos-czecha/ (accessed: 10 September 2017).

http://poznan.naszemiasto.pl/tag/jadalny-poznan.html (accessed: 15 September 2017).

http://ulicaekologiczna.pl/przyroda/kolektyw-kapielisko (accessed: 07 August 2018).

http://www.um.warszawa.pl/en/aktualnosci/ogrodyspo-eczno-ciowe-czyli-zr-bmy-razem (accessed: 4 May 2018).

http://warszawa.naszemiasto.pl/artykul/ogrody-spoleczne-w-warszawie-tutaj-oddasz-sie-uprawie,3743392,galop,t,id,tm.html (accessed: 22 September 2018).