SOCIAL INCLUSION THROUGH SPORTS. A SHORT COMPARISON OF ITALY AND FRANCE
PDF

Keywords

sports
social inclusion
youth
immigration
policies
France
Italy
social integration

Abstract

The recent flow of immigrants to Italy and France, two countries that are the principal destinations after crossing the Mediterranean Sea, has turned out to be a complex and multidimensional problem to manage. Both France and Italy organised a complex method for welcoming and distributing the migrants around their territory as much as possible, hosting them in structures adapted or created for this purpose.
On the Italian side, two main issues might be identified and analysed: on the one hand the humanitarian emergency of the reception of the migrants, on the other hand, the difficult processes of social integration/inclusion which were put in place. On the French side, these issues are linked to the managing of the risk of radicalisation, in a context in which the memory of the recent terrorist attacks remains vivid.
In dealing with the management of the process of social integration/inclusion, sport has proven to be an important (although controversial) opportunity for social inclusion of young immigrants. Micro participatory action-research has highlighted the potential given by a shared cultural framework, such as that provided by the practice of sport. On the Italian side, these practices have not yet been institutionalised, while on the French side there is a more organic strategy, based on a longer standing tradition of using sport as a means of social inclusion.
Starting from this premise about the situation of the two countries, we will propose a descriptive and theoretical comparison based on some case studies that we consider significant in terms of the French and Italian approach to social inclusion through sports.

https://doi.org/10.14746/sr.2018.2.1.03
PDF

References

Andrieu, Gilbert. 2009. Sport et spiritualité. Paris : L’Harmattan.

Arnaud, Lionel. 1999. Politiques sportives et minorités ethniques, Paris : L’Harmattan.

Avanzini, Giuseppe. 1994. “Insertion, intégration, assimilation”. Pp. 26-6 in Broyer, Gérard (dir.) 6èmes entretiens du centre jacques cartier. Lyon:

Bulletin de liaison du CNDT.

Baquet, Maurice .1947, 1ère éd. 1942. Education Sportive. Initiation et Entraînement. Paris; Montréal : l'Harmattan.

Bausinger, Hermann. 2006. Sportkultur, Tubingen: Attempto.

Bergamaschi, Alessandro. 2013. “Giù le mani dal mio amico. Considerazioni sul ruolo delle amicizie inter-gruppo negli atteggiamenti dei giovani francesi e italiani nei confronti dell’immigrazione.” Autonomie locali e servizi sociali 2: 265-14.

Bourdieu, Pierre. 1994. Raisons pratiques. Paris : Seuil.

Brohm, Jean-Marie. 2006. La tyrannie sportive. Théorie critique d’un opium du peuple. Paris: Beauchesne.

Coakley, Jay. 2011. “Youth sports: What counts as “positive development?” Journal of sport and social issues 35(3): 306-19.

Commission of the European Communities. 2007. White paper on sport.

CONI, Sport e integrazione : La vittoria più bella. Le buone pratiche. 2016. Roma : Italian Olympic Committee editions.

Dubar, Claude. 1992. La socialisation. Construction des identités sociales et professionnelles. Paris : Aramand Colin.

Elias, Norbert and Dunning, Elias. 1986. Quest for excitement : sport and leisure in the civilising process, Dublin, University College Dulin Press.

Falcoz, Marc and Koebel Michel. dir. 2005. Intégration par le sport : représentations et réalités. Paris: L’Harmattan.

Ferrero Camoletto, Raffaella. 2005. Oltre il limite. Il corpo tra sport estremi e fitness. Bologna: il Mulino.

Gasparini, William. 2004. “Les contradictions de l’intégration par le sport.” Pp. 103- 8. in Actes du colloque international « Intégration par le sport : état des recherches», Salé (Maroc), 25 mars 2003 edited by M.Koebel, Universités de Reims Champagne Ardenne, de Besançon et de Lille 2, Institut Royal de Formation des Cadres de Salé, Reims : UFR STAPS (URCA).

Gasparini, William. 2005. “Les contradictions de l’intégration par le sport.” Pp. 243-7 in Intégration par le sport : représentations et réalités edited by M. Falcoz, M. Koebel. Paris : L’Harmattan.

Gasparini, William and Cometti, Aurélie. eds. 2010. Sport facing the test of cultural diversity. Integration and intercultural dialogue in Europe. Strasbourg : Council of Europe Publishing.

Gasparini, William and Talleu, Clotilde. eds. 2010. Sport and Discrimination in Europe. Strasbourg: Council of Europe Publishing.

Gasparini, William and Vieille-Marchiset, Gilles. 2008. Le sport dans les quartiers. Pratiques sociales et politiques publiques. Paris: PUF.

Gasparini, William. 2012. “Penser l'intégration et l'éducation par le sport en France : réflexions sur les catégories d'analyse sociale et politique.” Movement & Sport Sciences 4(78): 39-6.

Ghildiyal, Rakesh. 2015. “Role of sports in the development of an individual and role of psychology in sports.” Mens Sana Monogr 13: 165-6.

Giulianotti, Richard and Robertson, Roland. 2007. “Recovering the social: globalization, football and transnationalism.” Global Networks 7 (2) : 166-21.

Godbout, Jacques and Caille, Alain. 1998. World of the Gift. McGill-Queen's Press-MQUP.

Guerandel, Carine and Marlière, Éric. eds. 2017a. Filles et garçons des cités d’aujourd’hui. Lille : Presses Universitaires du Septentrion.

Guerandel, Carine. 2017b. “Une nouvelle catégorie des politiques d’ ‘intégration par le sport’ : les ‘filles des cités’ . Sciences sociales et sport 1 (10) : 79-32

Guerandel, Carine. 2017c. “Sport, genre et travail social : une socialisation de normalisation des comportements sexués”. Pp. 75-21. in Sport, sexe, genre: représentations et narrations edited by A. Porrovecchio. Paris : L’Harmattan.

Guérandel, Carine and Julhe, Samuel. 2011. “Des adolescents travaillés au corps. L’usage des activités physiques de combat dans un Institut Thérapeutique Éducatif et Pédagogique.” Pp. 237-21. in Education, sports de combat et arts martiaux edited by J-F. Loudcher, J-N. Renaud , Grenoble : PUG.

Javeau, Claude. 2015. Je hais le football, Lormont : Le Bord de l'eau.

Lapeyronnie, Didier. 1993. Pp.97-19 . “De l’intégration à la ségrégation.” in Ville, exclusion et citoyenneté edited by J. Roman. Paris : Esprit.

Le Breton, David. 2003. “Activités physiques et sportives et intégration : aspects anthropologiques” , Empan, 3 (51) : 58-7.

Lévi-Strauss, Claude. 1967. Les Structures élémentaires de la parenté. Paris: Mouton.

Mennesson, Christine. 2005. Être une femme dans le monde des hommes. Paris : L’Harmattan.

Moussa, Kinda. 2013. Pratiques et politiques sportives dans les quartiers sensibles : une approche monographique aux 3 Cités à Poitiers. Côte d’Opale : Université du Littoral.

De Singly, François. 1993. “Les habits neufs de la domination masculine.” Esprit 196 : 54-11.

Vinnai, Gerhard. 2007. “Eigentore. Zur ideologischen Funktion des Fußballsports” Psychosozial 30(110) : 1-18.

Wenner, Laurence., ed. 1998. Mediasport. New York: Routledge.

Zoletto, Davide. 2010. Il gioco duro dell'integrazione: l'intercultura sui campi da gioco. Milano : Raffaello Cortina ed.