Abstract
A restrictive anti-abortion law is in force in Poland. However, many people terminate pregnancy in cases other than those specified in the Act. Public discourse on this subject is dominated by philosophical and legal issues, and it lacks the voices of those who terminated the pregnancy. Abortion is often presented as a sad necessity, as always difficult or traumatic. I conducted research on describing own abortion experiences by people from Facebook pro-choice groups. 99 respondents who had 102 abortions completed an anonymous online questionnaire. From the material of answers, I selected categories that were used to analyze the results of the study: positive emotions, negative emotions, pregnancy as a burden, good experience, difficulty experience, stigmatization, support. It turned out that the experiences of termination of pregnancy were diverse. Respondents, describing their experiences, discussed topics rarely present in the discourse, such as the fact that abortion can be a good experience.
References
Abrams, Paula. 2015. “The Bad Mother: Stigma, Abortion and Surrogacy.” Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 43(2): 179-191. https://doi.org/10.1111/jlme.12231
Budgał, Karina. 2011. „Jestem za prawem do aborcji, ale sama nigdy bym jej nie zrobiła. O sabotażu językowym.” Pp. 9-10 in A jak hipokryzja. Antologia tekstów o aborcji, władzy, pieniądzach i sprawiedliwości, edited by C. Snochowska-Gonzalez. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo O matko!
CBOS. 2013. Komunikat z badań. Doświadczenia aborcyjne Polek. Warszawa: Fundacja Centrum Badania Opinii Publicznej. BS/60/2013. Retrieved November 15, 2019 (https://www.cbos.pl/SPISKOM.POL/2013/K_060_13.PDF).
Donath, Orna. 2017. Żałując macierzyństwa. Białystok: Wydawnictwo Kobiece.
Grzywacz, Anka et al. 2013. 20 lat tzw. ustawy antyaborcyjnej w Polsce. Warszawa: Federacja na Rzecz Kobiet i Planowania Rodziny. Retrieved November 15, 2019 (http://federa.org.pl/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/raport_federacja_2013.pdf).
Hanschmidt, Franz. 2016. “Abortion Stigma: A Systematic Review.” Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health 48(4): 169-177. doi: 10.1363/48e8516
Jesudason, Sujatha and Tracy Weitz. 2015. “Eggs and Abortion: ‘Women-Protective’ Language Used by Opponents in Legislative Debates over Reproductive Health.” Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 43(2): 259-269. https://doi.org/10.1111/jlme.12241
Kligman, Gail. 2010. Polityka obłudy. Kontrola rozrodczości w Rumunii pod rządami Ceausescu. Kraków: Universitas.
Millar, Erica. 2017. Happy abortions. Our bodies in the era of choice. London: ZED.
Nowicka, Wanda. 2007. „Prawa reprodukcyjne w Polsce.” Pp. 663-679 in Czarna księga kobiet, edited by Ch. Ockrent. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo W.A.B.
Szczuka, Kazimiera.2004. Milczenie owieczek. Rzecz o aborcji. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo W.A.B.
Wejbert-Wąsiewicz, Ewelina. 2009. „Wokół aborcji. O konflikcie wartości i emocji.” Pp. 201-224 in Emocje a kultura i życie społeczne, edited by P. Binder, H. Palska, W. Pawlik. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo IFiS PAN.
Wejbert-Wąsiewicz, Ewelina. 2012. Aborcja w dyskursie publicznym. Monografia zjawiska. Łódź: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego.
Wejbert-Wąsiewicz, Ewelina. 2017. Bez retuszu czy po liftingu? Obrazy starości i aborcji w filmie. Łódź: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego.
WHO. 2011. Unsafe abortion. Global and regional estimates of the incidence of unsafe abortion and associated mortality in 2008. Genewa: World Health Organization.
Ziegler, Mary. 2013. “Women’s Rights on the Right: The history and Stakes of Modern Pro-Life Feminism.” Berkeley Journal of Gender, Law & Justice 28: 232-268.
Żuk, Piotr and Paweł Żuk. 2017. “Women’s health as an ideological and political issue: Restricting the right to abortion, access to in vitro fertilization procedures, and prenatal testing in Poland.” Health Care for Women International 38(7): 689–704. https://doi.org/10.1080/07399332.2017.1322595
License
Manuscript authors are responsible for obtaining copyright permissions for any copyrighted materials included within manuscripts. The authors must provide permission letters, when appropriate, to the Society Register Editors.
In addition, all published papers in Society Register are published under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 Unported License.
1.1 The Author hereby warrants that he/she is the owner of all the copyright and other intellectual property rights in the Work and that, within the scope of the present Agreement, the paper does not infringe the legal rights of another person. The owner of the copyright work also warrants that he/she is the sole and original creator thereof and that is not bound by any legal constraints in regard to the use or sale of the work.
1.2. The Publisher warrants that is the owner of the PRESSto platform for open access journals, hereinafter referred to as the PRESSto Platform.
2. The Author grants the Publisher non-exclusive and free of charge license to unlimited use worldwide over an unspecified period of time in the following areas of exploitation:
2.1. production of multiple copies of the Work produced according to the specific application of a given technology, including printing, reproduction of graphics through mechanical or electrical means (reprography) and digital technology;
2.2. marketing authorisation, loan or lease of the original or copies thereof;
2.3. public performance, public performance in the broadcast, video screening, media enhancements as well as broadcasting and rebroadcasting, made available to the public in such a way that members of the public may access the Work from a place and at a time individually chosen by them;
2.4. inclusion of the Work into a collective work (i.e. with a number of contributions);
2.5. inclusion of the Work in the electronic version to be offered on an electronic platform, or any other conceivable introduction of the Work in its electronic version to the Internet;
2.6. dissemination of electronic versions of the Work in its electronic version online, in a collective work or independently;
2.7. making the Work in the electronic version available to the public in such a way that members of the public may access the Work from a place and at a time individually chosen by them, in particular by making it accessible via the Internet, Intranet, Extranet;
2.8. making the Work available according to appropriate license pattern CC BY-NC 4.0 as well as another language version of this license or any later version published by Creative Commons.
3. The Author grants the Publisher permission to reproduce a single copy (print or download) and royalty-free use and disposal of rights to compilations of the Work and these compilations.
4. The Author grants the Publisher permission to send metadata files related to the Work, including to commercial and non-commercial journal-indexing databases.
5. The Author represents that, on the basis of the license granted in the present Agreement, the Publisher is entitled and obliged to:
5.1. allow third parties to obtain further licenses (sublicenses) to the Work and to other materials, including derivatives thereof or compilations made, based on or including the Work, whereas the provisions of such sub-licenses will be the same as with the Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) Creative Commons sub-license or another language version of this license, or any later version of this license published by Creative Commons;
5.2. make the Work available to the public in such a way that members of the public may access the Work from a place and at a time individually chosen by them, without any technological constraints;
5.3. appropriately inform members of the public to whom the Work is to be made available about sublicenses in such a way as to ensure that all parties are properly informed (appropriate informing messages).
6. Because of the royalty-free provision of services of the Author (resulting from the scope of obligations stipulated in the present Agreement), the Author shall not be entitled to any author’s fee due and payable on the part of the Publisher (no fee or royalty is payable by the Publisher to the Author).
7.1. In the case of third party claims or actions for indemnity against the Publisher owing to any infractions related to any form of infringement of intellectual property rights protection, including copyright infringements, the Author is obliged to take all possible measures necessary to protect against these claims and, when as a result of legal action, the Publisher, or any third party licensed by the Publisher to use the Work, will have to abandon using the Work in its entirety or in part or, following a court ruling in a legal challenge, to pay damages to a third party, whatever the legal basis
7.2. The Author will immediately inform the Publisher about any damage claims related to intellectual property infringements, including the author’s proprietary rights pertaining to a copyrighted work, filed against the Author. of liability, the Author is obliged to redress the damage resulting from claims made by third party, including costs and expenditures incurred in the process.
7.3. To all matters not settled herein provisions of the Polish Civil Code and the Polish Copyright and Related Rights Act shall apply.