IL WEB COME CORPUS E CORPORA ONLINE PER LE TRADUZIONI GIURIDICHE
PDF (English)

Parole chiave

linguistica dei corpora
Inglese giuridico
il Web come corpus
corpora online
linguaggio giuridico
traduzioni giuridiche

Come citare

GIAMPIERI, P. (2019). IL WEB COME CORPUS E CORPORA ONLINE PER LE TRADUZIONI GIURIDICHE. Comparative Legilinguistics, 33, 35–56. https://doi.org/10.14746/cl.2018.33.2

Abstract

Il linguaggio giuridico è caratterizzato da un gergo pedante ed arcaico. Gli studiosi di una lingua straniera, i traduttori ed i professionisti che si approcciano al linguaggio giuridico in lingua straniera, devono tenere presente non solo le peculiarità tecnico-linguistiche, ma anche quelle legate al sistema giuridico di riferimento. Il presente articolo si pone l'obiettivo di mostrare come il Web, considerato come un corpus, può fornire risposte in ambito linguistico e giuridico. In particolare, analizzerà la sintassi di ricerca in Google, il Leeds ed il corpus online COCA. In tal modo si evidenzierà come, usati congiuntamente, questi strumenti possono fornire risposte attendibili in ambito giuridico.

https://doi.org/10.14746/cl.2018.33.2
PDF (English)

Riferimenti bibliografici

Abate, Salvatore Claudio. 1998. Il documento legale anglosassone. [The Anglo-Saxon legal document]. Milan: HOEPLI.

Aston, Guy. 1999. “Corpus use and learning to translate”, Textus, 12 (1999): 289-314. http://www.sslmit.unibo.it/~guy/textus.htm (accessed October 13 2018).

Baroni, Marco, and Silvia Bernardini. 2006. Wacky! Working Papers on the Web as Corpus. Bologna: Gedit. http://wackybook.sslmit.unibo.it/wackycontents.html (accessed October 13 2018)

Battelle, John. 2005. The Search: How Google and Its Rivals Rewrote the Rules of Business and Transformed Our Culture. Boston: Nicholas Brealey Publishing.

Bennet, Gena R. 2010. Using corpora in the langauge learning classroom: corpus linguistics for teachers. Michigan: University of Michigan Press ELT.

Bergh, Gunnar. 2005. “Min(d)ing English language data on the Web. What can Google tell us?”, ICAME Journal, 29: 25-46.

Bhatia, K.L. 2010. Textbook on legal language and legal writing. New Delhi: Universal law publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd.

Biber, Douglas, and Susan Conrad. 1999. “Lexical bundles conversation and academic prose”. In Out of Corpora: Studies in Honour of Stig. Johansson, ed. H. Hasselgard and S. Oksefjell, 181-189. Amsterdam: Rodopi.

Carter, Ronald A., and Michael McCarthy, J. 2006. Cambridge Grammar of English, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Cobb, Tom. 2004. “The Compleat Lexical Tutor, v.4”, TESL-EJ, 8.3, http://www.teslej.org/wordpress/issues/volume8/ej31/ej31m2/?wscr (accessed October 13 2018)

Coulthard, Malcolm, and Alison Johnson. 2010. The Routledge Handbook of Forensic Linguistics. Abingdon: Routledge.

Curzio, Stefano. 2014. Tutela del patrimonio e Trust. [Assets Custody and Trust]. Santarcangelo di Romagna: Maggioli Editore.

Crystal, David. 2006. Language and the Internet. Second Edition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Davies, Mark. 2008. “The Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA): 520 million words, 1990-present”, Davies Mark, 2008, http://corpus.byu.edu/coca/ (accessed October 13, 2018).

Davies, Mark. 2010. “The Corpus of Contemporary American English as the First Reliable Monitor Corpus of English”, Literary and Linguistic Computing, 25, 4: 447-64.

De Groot, Gerard-René, and Conrad Van Laer, J. P. 2008. The Quality of Legal Dictionaries: an assessment. Maastricht: University of Maastricht.

Ferraresi, Adriano. 2009. “Google and beyond: web-as-corpus methodologies for translators”, Revista Tradumàtica, 7, http://webs2002.uab.es/tradumatica/revista/num7/articles/04/04art.htm (accessed October 13, 2018).

Fletcher, William H. 2007. “Concordancing the Web. Promise and problems, tools and techniques”. In Corpus linguistics and the Web, ed. M. Hundt, N. Nesselhauf and C. Biewer, 25-46. Amsterdam: Rodopi.

Francis, Nelson W., and Henry Kučera. 1982. Frequency analysis of English usage: Lexicon and Grammar. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.

Gatto, Maristella. 2008. From body to Web: an introduction to Web as corpus. Roma, Laterza.

Gatto, Maristella. 2014. Web as corpus: Theory and Practice. London: Bloomsbury.

Giampieri, Patrizia. 2016a. “A Critical Compartive Analysis of Online Tools for Legal Translations”, The Italian Law Journal, 2.2: 445-461.

Giampieri, Patrizia. 2016b. “Is the European legal English legalese-free?” Italian Journal of Public Law 8.2: 424-440.

Granger, Sylviane. 2013. Learner English on Computer. Abingdon: Routledge.

Greaves, Chris. 2009. Concgram 1.0: a phraseological search engine. CD-ROM. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

Kilgarriff, Adam. 2001. “Web as corpus”. In Proceedings of the Corpus Linguistics 2001 Conference, ed. P. Rayson, A. Patrizia Wilson, T. McEnery, A. Hardie and S. Khoja, 342-344. Lancaster University.

Kilgarriff Adam. 2007.“Googleology is bad science”, Association for computational linguistics, 33.1: 147-151.

Laster, Kathy. 2001. Law as Culture. Sydney, The Federation Press.

Leech, Geoffrey. 2005. “Adding Linguistic Annotation”. In Developing Linguistic Corpora: a Guide to Good Practice, ed. M. Wynne, 25-39. Oxford: Oxbrow Books.

Lehecka, Tomas. 2015. “Collocation and colligation”. In Handbook of Pragmatics Online, ed. J.-O. Östman and J. Verschueren, 1-20. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

Longinotti, Daniela. 2009. “Problemi specifici della traduzione giuridica: traduzioni di sentenze dal Tedesco e dall'Inglese” [Specific Problems of Legal Translation: Translation of Judgement from German and English]. Quaderni di Palazzo Serra. 17: 1-38. http://www.disclic.unige.it/pub/17/longinotti.pdf (accessed October 13, 2018)

O'Keeffe, Anne, Michael McCarthy, and Ronald Carter. 2007. From Corpus to Classroom: Language Use and Language Teaching. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

O'Keeffe, Anne, and Michael McCarthy. 2010. The Routledge Handbook of Corpus Linguistics. London: Routledge.

Renouf, Antoinette, and John Sinclair. 1991. “Collocational Frameworks in English”. In English Corpus Linguistics: Studies in Honour of Jan Svartvik, ed. K. Aijmer and B. Altenberg, 128-144. London: Longman.

Römer, Ute. 2005. Progressives, Patterns, Pedagogy: A Corpus-driven Approach to English progressive forms, functions, contexts and didactics. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

Rosenbach, Anette. 2007. “Exploring constructions on the Web: a case study”. In Corpus Lingusitics and the Web, ed. M. Hundt, N. Nesselhauf and C. Biewer, 167-190. Amsterdam: Rodopi.

Rotman, Edgardo. 1995. “The Inherent Problems of Legal Translation: Theoretical Aspects”, Indiana International and Comparative Law Review, 6.1: 187-196.

Scarpa, Federica. 2014. “L’influsso dell’inglese sulle lingue speciali dell’italiano” [The influence of English on Italian special languages], Rivista internazionale di tecnica della traduzione. Trieste: Edizioni Università di Trieste, 16.14: 225-243.

Sharoff, Serge. 2006. “Creating general-purpose corpora using automated search engine queries”. In Wacky! Working Papers on the Web as Corpus, ed. M. Baroni and S. Bernardini, 63-98. Bologna: Gedit.

Sinclair, John. 1991. Corpus Concordance Collocation. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Sinclair, John. 2003. Reading Concordance: an introduction. London: Longman.

Sinclair, John. 2005. “Corpus and Texts: basic principles”. In Developing Linguistic Corpora: a Guide to Good Practice, ed. M. Wynne, 5-24. Oxford: Oxbrow Books.

Sinclair, John, Susan Jones, and Robert Daley. 2004. English Collocation Studies: The OSTI Report. London: Continuum.

Tiersma, Peter M. 1999. Legal Language. University of Chicago Press.

Tiersma, Peter M. and Lawrence M. Solan. 2012. The Oxford Handbook of Language and Law. New York: Oxford University Press.

Tognini-Bonelli, Elena. 2001. Corpus Linguistics at Work. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) Act 174 of 1962 § 440.2106. Contract, agreement, contract for sale, sale, present sale; definitions of certain terms http://legislature.mi.gov/doc.aspx?mcl-Act-174-of-1962 , web (accessed October 13, 2018)

Williams Christopher. 2004. “Legal English and Plain Language: an introduction”, ESP Across Culture, 1: 111-124.

Williams, Christopher. 2005. “Vagueness in legal texts: is there a future for shall?”. In Vagueness in Normative Texts, ed. N. Gotti, V. Bhatia, J. Engberg and D. Heller, 201-224. Bern: Peter Lang.

Williams, Christopher. 2011. “Legal English and Plain language: an update”, ESP Across Cultures. 8: 139-151.

Williams, Christopher. 2013. “Changes in the verb phrase in legislative language in English”. In The Verb Phrase in English: Investigating Recent Language Change with Corpora, ed. B. Aarts, J. Close, G. Leech and S. Wallis, 353-371. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Wilson, James, Anthony Hartley, Serge Sharoff, and Paul Stephenson. 2010. “Advanced corpus solutions for humanities researchers”. In Proceedings of the 24th Pacific Asia Conference on Language, Information and Computation, ed. Ryo Otoguro, Kiyoshi Ishikawa, Hiroshi Umemoto, Kei Yoshimoto and Yasunari Harada, 769-778, http://anthology.aclweb.org/Y/Y10/Y10-1089.pdf (accessed October 13, 2018)

Zanettin Federico. 2012. Translation-Driven Corpora: Corpus Resources for Descriptive and Applied Translation Studies. London: Routledge.

Online Resources

COCA – Corpus of Contemporary American English:

http://corpus.byu.edu/bnc

Collins Dictionary: https://www.collinsdictionary.com

Google Advanced Search: https://www.google.com/advanced_search

Leeds: http://corpus.leeds.ac.uk/internet.html