Parole chiave
legal translation
legal linguistics
corpus analysis
legal language
Come citare
Abstract
Espressioni e formule lessicali o sintattiche predefinite caratterizzano il linguaggio giuridico e sono utilizzate sia per finalità linguistiche che legali, quindi devono essere necessariamente adattate alla lingua ed al sistema giuridico di arrivo. Tuttavia, molto spesso espressioni e formule sono tradotte ricorrendo a calchi, falsi affini o frasi non frequenti nella lingua giuridica (e nel sistema giuridico) di arrivo. Il presente articolo ha lo scopo di verificare se la consultazione di un corpus di contratti possa aiutare a dissipare dubbi linguistico-giuridici e a trovare traduzioni accettabili. Poiché al momento non esistono corpora giuridici pubblicamente disponibili contenenti documenti aziendali quali contratti, questo articolo si pone l'obiettivo di tentare di colmare questa lacuna creando e consultando un corpus ad hoc costituito da contratti autentici redatti in lingua inglese secondo la legge dell'Inghilterra e Galles. In questo modo, il corpus può aiutare a trovare equivalenti e, possibilmente, correggere ricorrenti traduzioni errate dall'italiano all'inglese. Durante il processo di analisi del corpus, si mostra come è possibile ottenere equivalenti. I risultati dell'articolo evidenziano che la consultazione del corpus consente di trovare traduzioni accettabili di formule giuridiche italiane e di correggere frequenti errori di traduzione. Le formule inglesi, infatti, possono essere rese in modo soddisfacente grazie alla possibilità di notare gli usi delle parole nel contesto, le parole chiave ricorrenti e le collocazioni. Ulteriori ricerche possono riguardare una più ampia varietà di formule e/o documenti legali in modo che studiosi e traduttori possano avvalersi di utili strumenti di riferimento.
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