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język arabski
makamy
al-Hariri
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Wśród przedstawionych w Makamach al-Haririego różnych sytuacji społecznych typowych dla świata arabskiego z czasów życia autora nie mogło zabraknąć zdarzeń związanych z prawem. Makama, jako gatunek popisowy w formie i rozrywkowy w treści, doskonale nadawała się jako narzędzie do krytycznych obserwacji dotyczących prawa i języka prawa muzułmańskiego. Al-Hariri opiera swe makamy na wieloznaczności języka prawa dla celów artystycznych, lecz jednocześnie świadomie pokazuje, że taka wieloznaczność istnieje. W swych utworach umieszcza też rozprawy prowadzone przez sędzich, m.in. sprawę o plagiat – spór, który w jego świecie nie stanowił przedmiotu zainteresowania prawa.Bibliografia
Bielawski, J. 1971. Hariri (al-). Mały słownik kultury świata arabskiego (A Little Dictionary of the Culture of the Arab World). J. Bielawski (ed.) Warszawa: Wiedza Powszechna, p. 190.
Bielawski, J. 1995. Prawo muzułmańskie (Islamic Law). Główne kultury prawne współczesnego świata (Main Legal Cultures of the Contemporary World). H. Rot. (ed.) Warszawa: Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe, p. 100-128.
Danecki, J. 1998. Podstawowe wiadomości o islamie (Basic Facts about Islam). Vols. 1-2. Warszawa: Dialog.
al-Fayruzabadi 1999. Al-Qamus al-Muhit (The Muhit Dictionary). Bayrut: Dar al-Fikr.
al-Hamadani 1983: Opowieści łotrzykowskie. Transl. by J. Danecki. Wrocław: Ossolineum.
al-Hariri 1950. Al-Maqamat al-adabiyya. s.l. [Egypt]: Sarikat Maktabat wa-Matba’at Mustafa al-Babi al-Halabi wa- Awladihi bi-Misr.
Katsumata N. 2002. The Style of the Maqama: Arabic, Persian, Hebrew, Syriac. Arabic and Middle Eastern Literatures 5, 2, p. 117-137.
Monroe J. T., Pettigrew M. F. 2003. The Decline of Courtly Patronage and the Appearance of New Genres in Arabic Literature: The Case of the Zajal, the Maqma, and the Shadow Play. Journal of Arabic Literature 34, 1-2, p. 138-177.
al-Mungid 2002: Al-Mungid fi l-luga wa l-a’lam (The Mungid Dictionary of Language and Proper Names). Bayrut: Dar al- Masriq.
Nosowski, J. 1971. Przepisy prawne Koranu. Wykład systematyczny (Legal Regulations of the Qur’an. A Systematic Lecture). Warszawa: Akademia Teologii Katolickiej.
Pellat Ch. 1976. Jewellers with Words. Islam and the Arab World: Faith, People, Culture, B. Lewis (ed.). New York: Knopf, p. 141-160.
Pickthall, M. W. (transl.) 2000. The Glorious Qur’an. New York: Tahrike Tarsile Qur'an.
al-Qur’an al-Karim. [n.d.] Cairo: Dar al-Manar.
Sakir, M.H. (transl.) 1999. The Qur’an Translation. New York: Tahrike Tarsile Qur'an.
Sanni A. 2001. Did Tarafa Actually Steal from Imru’ al-Qays?: On Coincidence of Thoughts and Expressions (tawarud) in Arabic Literary Theory. Arabic and Middle Eastern Literatures 4, 2, p. 117 - 136.
Schacht, J. 1964. An Introduction to Islamic Law. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
al-Suli. A.B. 1937. Ahbar Abi Tammam, ed. H.M. ‘Asakir. Cairo.
Święcicki J.A. 1901. Historya literatury arabskiej (History of Arabic Literature). Warszawa: A.T. Jezierski.
Święty Koran 1996. Święty Koran. Tekst arabski i tłumaczenie polskie. (The Holy Qur’an. Arabic Text and Polish Translation). Islamabad/Tilford: Islam International Publications.
Wehr, H. 1974. A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic. Ed. J.M. Cowan. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz. (Repr. by Librairie du Liban, 1980).
Yusuf Ali A. (transl.) 1987. The Holy Qur'an: Text, Translation and Commentary. New York: Tahrike Tarsile Qur'an.
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