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Abstrakt
Artykuł ma charakter interdyscyplinarny, gdyż pokazuje punkty styczne pomiędzy teorią prawa a filozofią języka. Perspektywa prawnicza zostaje pokazana z punktu widzenia teorii Johna Austina, który jest często postrzegany, jako twórca anglo-amerykańskiej gałęzi pozytywizmu prawniczego. Z kolei perspektywa językoznawcza została oparta na teorii aktów mowy opracowanej przez Johna Langshaw Austina.
Autor uważa, że teoria Johna Austina ma marginalne zastosowanie do komunikacji międzykulturowej, ze względu na jej redukcjonistyczny charakter, który czyni ją nieprzydatną w komunikacji trzypłąszczyznowej (nadawca – tłumacz – odbiorcy). Jednakże autor zwraca uwagę, że teoria może być przydatna, jeżeli zostanie zastosowana do zaburzeń jakie potencjalnie mogą się pojawić w procesie komunikacji. Ponadto, zwraca się uwagę na często błędny stereotypowy pogląd, zgodnie z którym zaburzenia w komunikacji wynikają z jakości pracy wykonanej przez tłumacza. Na jakość przekładu ma bowiem wpływ także nadawca komunikatu, a niekiedy nawet odbiorca.W wyniku przeprowadzonej analizy autor formułuje zasady, pozwalające unikać zaburzeń wkomunikacji, których powninni przestrzegać zarówno nadawca komunikatu, jaki i tłumacz.
Bibliografia
Austin, John, 1995. The Province of Jurisprudence Determined. W. Rumble (ed.), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (first published in 1832).
Austin, J.L. 1962. How To Do Things With Words. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Bentham, Jeremy (1789/1996), An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation. J. H. Burns & H.L.A. Hart, eds., Oxford: Oxford University Press (first published in 1789).
Bix, Brian H. 2000. On the Dividing Line Between Natural Law Theory and Legal Positivism. Notre Dame Law Review 75: 1613–1624.
Cotterell, R. 2003. The Politics of Jurisprudence: A Critical Introduction to Legal Philosophy. 2nd ed. London: LexisNexis.
Krawietz, W., 1984. Recht als Regelsystem. Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag.
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