Keywords
Polish flora
morphogenetic potential
systems of plant regeneration
cryopreservation
How to Cite
Number of views: 68
Number of downloads: 66
Abstract
The paper summarizes the contribution of various biotechnological techniques to the protection of the Polish flora. Polish national programmes of wild plant conservation follow the international conventions on the conservation of nature and wildlife. Among the 2750 plant species of the Polish flora, only 296 are listed in the Polish Red Book, but the list of threatened and protected plants includes about 500 species. Biotechnology could serve as a tool for plant protection in various aspects, but the most important among them are: (i) vegetative propagation in vitro; and (ii) protection of the morphogenetic potential of cultured cells, tissues and organs. Extended subcultures and cryopreservation in particular ensure a high level of competence in long-term cultures. For dicotyledons, monocotyledons and ferns, some examples of various biotechnological methods used are presented and discussed.
References
ARCZEWSKA A. 1998. Studies on the growth and development of European orchids in cultures in vitro. Acta Univ. Wrat. 2038 Prace Bot. 74: 15-51.
BACH A. & PAWŁOWSKA B. 2003. Somatic embryogenesis in Gentiana pneumonanthe L. Acta Biologica Cracoviensia seria Botanica 45: 79-85.
BACH A., PAWŁOWSKA B. & MALIK M. 2004. Plantlets from encapsulated meristems of Gentiana pneumonanthe L. Acta Physiol. Plant. 26: 53-57. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-004-0044-5
FAST G. 1981. Orchideen Kultur. 222 pp. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart.
KAWIAK A., KRÓLICKA A. & ŁOJKOWSKA E. 2003. Direct regeneration of Drosera from leaf explants and shoot tips. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture 75: 175-178. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1025023800304
KAWIAK A. & ŁOJKOWSKA E. 2004. Application of RAPD in the determination of genetic fidelity in micropropagated Drosera plantlets. In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol. - Plant 40: 592-595. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1079/IVP2004577
KAŹMIERCZAKOWA R. & ZARZYCKI K. (eds.). 2001. Polska czerwona księga roślin. Paprotniki i rośliny kwiatowe, wyd. 2, 664 pp. PAN, Instytut Botaniki im. W. Szafera, Instytut Ochrony Przyrody, Kraków.
KROMER K. D. 1985. Regeneration of some monocotyledons plants from subterranean organs in vitro. Acta Agrobot. 38: 65-87. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5586/aa.1985.007
KROMER K. & KUKUŁCZANKA K. 1992. Control of morphogenesis in the thin cell layer explants of Muscari botryoides. Acta Horticulturae 325: 505-512. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.1992.325.70
KROMER K., NOWAK T., WOJTUŃ B. & POTURAŁA D. 2000. In vitro propagation of the populations of Drosera intermedia from Izerskie Mountains. Biuletyn Ogrodów Botanicznych, Muzeów i Zbiorów 9: 147-152.
KUKUŁCZANKA K. 1991. Micropropagation and in vitro germplasm storage of Droseraceae. Botanic Gardens Micropropagation News 1: 37-42.
KUKUŁCZANKA K. & KROMER K. 2000. Investigation on propagation of some ornamental plants in tissue culture conditions. Zeszyty Naukowe Instytutu Sadownictwa i Kwiaciarstwa 7: 49-58.
KUKUŁCZANKA K., KROMER K. & CZĄSTKA B. 1989. Propagation of Fritillaria meleagris L. through tissue culture. Acta Horticulturae 251:147-153. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.1989.251.22
MARSZAŁ J. & KROMER K. 2000. The use of in vitro culture methods for the protection of rare and endangered serpentine fern species. Biuletyn Ogrodów Botanicznych, Muzeów i Zbiorów 9: 141-146.
MARSZAŁ J. & KROMER K. 2004. The application of the tissue cultures in protection of rare and threatened species of ferns from Lower Silesia. Biotechnologia 2(65): 237-234.
MARSZAŁ-JAGACKA J., KROMER K. & ŚWIERKOSZ K. 2005. Ex situ protection of endangered Asplenium ferens species using in vitro culture. Biuletyn Ogrodów Botanicznych, Muzeów i Zbiorów 14: 35-42.
MIKUŁA A., FIUK A. & RYBCZYŃSKI J. J. 2005. Induction, maintenance and preservation of embryogenic competence of Gentiana cruciata L. cultures. Acta Biologica Cracoviensia seria Botanica 47: 227-236.
MIKUŁA A. & RYBCZYŃSKI J. J. 2001. Somatic embryogenesis of Gentiana taxa. I. The effect of species, preculture and primary explant origin on somatic embryogenesis of Gentiana tibetica, G. cruciata, G. pannonica. Acta Physiol. Plant. 23: 15-25. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-001-0017-x
MIKUŁA A. & RYBCZYŃSKI J. J. 2003. Krioprezerwacja zawiesin komórkowych wybranych gatunków z rodzaju Gentiana. Biotechnologia 3(62): 39-51.
MIKUŁA A., RYBCZYŃSKI J. J., SKIERSKI J., LATKOWSKA M. & FIUK A. 2005a. Somatic embryogenesis of Gentiana genus IV: Characterization of Gentiana cruciata and G. tibetica embryogenic cell suspensions. In: A. K. HVOSLEF-EIDE & W. PREIL (eds.). Liquid Culture Systems for in vitro Plant Propagation, pp. 345-358. Springer, The Netherlands. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-3200-5_26
MIKUŁA A., TYKARSKA T., KURAŚ M. & RYBCZYŃSKI J. J. 2005b. Somatic embryogenesis of Gentiana cruciata (L.): Histological and ultrastructural changes in seedling hypocotyls explants. In Vitro Cell Dev. Biol-Plant 41: 686-694. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1079/IVP2005678
MIKUŁA A., TYKARSKA T., ZIELIŃSKA M., KURAŚ M. & RYBCZYŃSKI J. J. 2004. Ultrastructural changes in zygotic embryos of Gentiana punctata L. during callus formation and somatic embryogenesis. Acta Biologica Cracoviensia, seria Botanica 46: 109-120.
MIREK Z., ZARZYCKI K., WOJEWODA W. & SZELĄG Z. (eds.). 2006. Red list of plants and fungi in Poland, 99 pp. W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków.
MURASHIGE T. & SKOOG A. 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiol. Plantarum 15: 473-497. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1962.tb08052.x
PAWŁOWSKA B. & BACH A. 2003. In vitro propagation of protected species Gentiana pneumonanthe L. for ornamental horticultural use. Folia Horticulturae 15: 113-122.
REINERT R. A. & MOHR H. C. 1967. Propagation of Cattleya by tissue culture of lateral bud meristems. Proc. Am. Soc. Hort. 91: 664-671.
RYBCZYŃSKI J. J. & GOMOLIŃSKA H. 1989. 6-benzyladenine control of the initial bulblets formation of wild lily Lilium martagon L. Acta Horticulturae 251: 183-195. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.1989.251.26
RYBCZYŃSKI J. J. & MIKUŁA A. 2004. Plant biotechnology in the protection of Polish flora. Biotechnology Proceedings of the International Review Conference, Nov. 14-18, 2004, pp. 51-60. Polish Academy of Sciences, Scientific Center in Vienna, Austria.
RYBCZYŃSKI J. J., MIKUŁA A. & FIUK A. 2004. Endangered species - model plants for experimental botany and biotechnology. Bulletin of Botanical Gardens, Museums & Collections 13: 59-63.
RYBCZYŃSKI J. J., TURZYŃSKI D., PODYMA E. & ORSZULAK J. 1991. The using of in vitro culture for vegetative propagation of protected species of Polish flora - Lilium martagon L.. Prace Ogrodu Botanicznego 1: 47-54.
STEFANIAK B. 1997a. Successful plant regeneration by somatic embryos of Gladiolus palustris Gaud. VIII Conference of plant embryologists, 16-18 Sept. 1997, Gdańsk. Scientific programme and abstracts, p. 79.
STEFANIAK B. 1997b. Regeneracja roślin z zarodków somatycznych Gladiolus imbricatus L. Zeszyty Naukowe AR Kraków 318, Z50: 253-255.
STEFANIAK B. 1998. Analiza procesu somatycznej embriogenezy u dwóch gatunków z rodzaju Gladiolus. In: J. MIĄDLIKOWSKA (ed.). Materiały sympozjum i obrad sekcji 51 Zjazdu Polskiego Towarzystwa Botanicznego Gdańsk, 15-19 września 1998, p. 456.
ZNANIECKA J., MASZCZYSZYN K. & ŁOJKOWSKA E. 2004. Establishment of in vitro culture collection of endangered European orchids. Abstracts of Czech-Polish-Slovak Scientific Conference of Botanical Gardens “Biodiversity conservation and ecological education - the challenges in the united Europe”, p. 2.
ZENKTELER E. K. 1992. Metoda in vitro w rozmnażaniu i okresowym przechowywaniu chronionych oraz rzadkich ginących gatunków paproci. Hodowla roślin i nasiennictwo 5: 20-29.
ZENKTELER E. K. 1999. Sporophytic lethality in lowland populations of Osmunda regalis L in Poland. Acta Biologica Cracoviensia seria Botanica 41: 75-83.
ZENKTELER E. K. 2000. Systemy wegetatywnego rozmnażania paproci in vivo oraz in vitro. Wyd. Nauk. UAM, seria Biologia, 62, 150 pp. Poznań.
ZENKTELER E. K. 2002. Ex situ breeding and reintroduction of Osmunda regalis L. in Poland. Fern Gaz. 16: 371.
ZENKTELER M., STEFANIAK B. & MÓL R. 2000. Experimental plant embryology at A. Mickiewicz University Poznań. Botanical Guidebook 24: 65-73.
License
Copyright
© by Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland, Department of Plant Taxonomy, 2006
OPEN ACCESS