Keywords
pre-treatment procedure
contaminants eradication
micropropagation by rhizome explants
phenolic compounds
tissue browning
How to Cite
Number of views: 21
Number of downloads: 14
Abstract
Micropropagation of Dryopteris cristata (L.) A. Gray by rhizome explants requires a pre-treatment procedure as a <<stage 0>>. Mycological examinations of fungi from fern rhizomes allowed to determine 24 species represented by 66 isolates and a group non-sporulating colonies. Most frequently fungi were represented by Cylindrocarpon destructans and Mycelium radicis atrovirens. The pre-treatment procedure reduces exogenous and endogenous contamination by fungi, actinomycetes and other bacteria in developing adventitious buds. Starvation of rhizomes during pre-treatment significantly reduces starch and phenolic contents and thereby prevents browning of the explants. The present data revealed that in decontaminated, actively growing buds there are less phenolics than in contaminated rhizomes.
References
BHAT S. R. & CHANDEL K. P. S. 1991. A novel technique to overcome browning in tissue culture. Plant Cell Reports 10: 358-361. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00193159
COMPTON M. E. & PREECE J. E. 1986. Exudation and explant establishment. In Vitro Newsletter 50: 9-18.
DEBERGH P. C. & READ P. E. 1991. Micropropagation. In: P. C. DEBERGH, R. H. ZIMMERMANN (eds.). Micropropagation, Technology and Applications, pp. 1-13. Kluwer Acad. Publ. Netherlands. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2075-0_1
DOMSCH K. H., GAMS W. & ANDERSON T. H. 1980. Compendium of soil fungi. Acad. Press, London.
FISCHER D. B. 1968. Protein staining of ribboned epon sections for light microscopy. Histochemie 16: 92-96. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00306214
GEIER T. 1980. PAS - positive reaction of phenolic inclusion in plant cell vacuoles. Histochemie 65: 167-171. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00493165
GEMMA J. N., KOSKE R. E. & FLYNN T. 1992. Mycorrhizae in Hawaiian pteridophytes: occurrence and evolutionary significance. Am. J. Bot. 79: 843-852. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1537-2197.1992.tb13665.x
GEORGE E. F. & SHERRINGTON P. D. 1984. Plant propagation by tissue culture. Exegetics Limited, pp. 334-342.
HARBORNE J. B. 1980. Plant phenolics. In: E. A. BELL & B. V. CHARLWOOD (eds.). Encyclopaedia of plant physiology, New series, 8: 329-402. Springer, Berlin. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-67360-3_14
HEPDEN P. M. 1960. Studies in vesicular-arbuscular endophytes. Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 43: 559-570. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0007-1536(60)80042-3
KSHIRSAGAR M.K. & MEHTA A.R. 1978. In vitro studies in ferns: growth and differentiationin rhizome callus of Pteris vittata. Phytomorph. 28: 50-58
KOZLOWSKI G., LANDERGOTT U., HOLDEREGGER R. & SCHNELLER J. J. 2002. The importance of recent population history for understanding genetic diversity in natural population of endangered Dryopteris cristata. Fern Gaz. 16(6,7&8): 465-470.
MATERI D. M. & CUMMING B. G. 1991. Effects of carbohydrate on rejuvenation, apospory nad regeneration in ostrich fern Matteuccia struthiopteris L. sporophytes. Can. J. Bot. 69: 1241-1245. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1139/b91-160
MICHAUX N. 1971. Structure et fonctionnement du meristeme apical du Pteris cretica L. I. Etude cytologique, histochemique, et historadiographique. Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. ser. 12, 12: 17-125.
MILLER L.R. & MURASHIGE T. 1976. Tissue culture propagation of tropical foliage plants. In Vitro 12: 797-813. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02796365
PAGE C. N. 1997. The ferns of Britain and Ireland, pp. 186-190. Cambridge University Press.
PREECE J. E. & COMPTON M. E. 1991. Problems with explant exudation in micropropagation. In: Y. P. S. BAJAJ (ed.). Biotechnology in agriculture and forestry, pp. 168-189. Springer, Berlin. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76415-8_10
SPURR A. R. 1969. A low-viscosity epoxy resin embedding medium for electron microscopy. J. Ultrastruct. Res. 26: 31-43. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5320(69)90033-1
ZENKTELER E. & URBANIAK L. 1994. Polyphenolic compounds in ferns micropropagation. Biol. Plant. (suppl.) 36: 96.
ZENKTELER E. & KWAŚNA H. 1994. The occurrence of soil fungi in different types of fern rhizomes. Abstracts of 3rd Conferrence of European Foundation for Plant Pathology: ‘Environmental biotic factors in integrated plant disease control’, Poznań, Poland September 5-9, 1994, p. 53.
ZENKTELER E. 1995. Micropropagation of Polypodium vulgare L. by rhizome explants. Bull. PAN, ser. Biol. 43: 77-84.
ZENKTELER E. 1997. Elimination of contaminants and explants browning during micropropagation by pre-treatment of rhizome of Thelypteris palustris Schott. Pol. Agric. Ann., ser. E, 26: 141-149.
License
Copyright © by Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland, Department of Plant Taxonomy, 2007OPEN ACCESS