Schlagworte
Rechtstexte
Latinismen
lateinische Parömien
lateinische Sentenzen
Zitationsvorschlag
Abstract
Strukturen lateinischer Herkunft sind in die gegenwärtigen Rechtssysteme – sowohl in das kontinentale Rechtssystem als auch in das angelsächsische Common Law – mit der Rezeption des römischen Rechts eingedrungen. Die lateinischen Entlehnungen und Lehnwörter weisen auf die gemeinsame kul-turelle und soziale Herkunft der europäischen Länder hin. Viele der übernom-menen Latinismen wurden eingebürgert, d.h. an die geltenden phonetischen, morphologischen und grammatischen Normen jeweiliger Sprache angepasst. Andere aber – wie lateinische Parömien, Termini und Ausdrücke – haben ihren ursprünglichen Wortlaut und ihre ursprüngliche Schriftweise beibehalten.
Das Ziel des vorliegenden Artikels ist es, das Wesen der Latinismen, deren Herkunft, Platz in der heutigen Sprachwissenschaft aber auch Funktion in unterschiedlichen Rechtstexten zu besprechen. Der zweite Teil des Beitrags widmet sich der Häufigkeit der Latinismen in deutschen und polnischen Rechtstexten. Da werden die Ergebnisse der Analyse der in Eurlex gesammelten polnischen und deutschen Rechtsakte, Urteile und anderen Rechtsdokumente in Hinsicht auf das Vorkommen von Latinismen geschildert. Die Untersuchung bezweckt neben dem Vergleich der Häufigkeit der Latinismen in Rechtstexten auch die Darstellung verschiedener Weisen der Einführung der Latinismen in die deutschen und polnischen Rechtstexte und die Konsequenzen deren Einführung für die Verständlichkeit dieser Texte.
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