Schlagworte
attitude du locuteur
la Cour de Cassation Française
Tribunal Supremo Espagnol
Zitationsvorschlag
Abstract
Les textes juridiques sont étroitement liés à une communauté linguistique et culturelle déterminée et reflètent le rapport de forces qui s’établit entre ses membres. Ce sont des textes d’une grande complexité qui obéissent à des conventions linguistiques assez rigides. Cependant, comme le soulignent Anscombre et Ducrot (1983), toute unité linguistique est porteuse d’un faisceau d’instructions sémantico-pragmatiques qui déclenchent une certaine orientation argumentative et reflètent un point de vue spécifique de la part du locuteur (Raccah 2005). Partant d’un corpus de textes composé d’arrêts de la première chambre civile de la Cour de Cassation française et d’arrêts prononcés par la Sala Primera de lo Civil del Tribunal Supremo espagnol, nous proposons d’analyser, d’une part, certains moyens expressifs employés dans ce type de textes pour se référer au locuteur et au responsable de l’arrêt et, d’autre part, certains marqueurs qui servent à articuler les différentes séquences textuelles. Dans ce sens, l’analyse contrastive des textes juridiques met en évidence que, sous une apparente objectivité, se dissimulent des points de vue caractéristiques de ce type de textes aussi bien au niveau macro-textuel qu’au niveau micro-textuel.Literaturhinweise
Anscombre, Jean-Claude et Ducrot, Oswald. 1983. L'argumentation dans la langue. Liège-Paris : Mardaga.
Ducrot, Oswald. 1984a. "Esquisse d‘une théorie polyphonique de l‘énonciation" In Le dire et le dit, 171-233. Paris : Minuit.
Ducrot, Oswald. 1984b. "L‘argumentation par autorité". In Le dire et le dit, 149-169. Paris : Minuit.
Turco, Gilbert et Coltier, Danielle. 1988. Des agents doubles de l‘organisation textuelle, les marqueurs d‘intégration linéaire. Pratiques 57 : 57-79.
Véglia, Arlette. 1997. "Analyse d‘un arrêt de rejet de la Cour de Cassation". In: La langue de spécialité et le discours scientifique, ed. Jordi Piqué, J. Vicent Andre-Besñ et M. Carmen Cuéllar, 38-42. València : Au llibres.
Véglia, Arlette. 2004. "Etude lexicale du genre `décision de justice´ dans le domaine pénal: l'arrêt de Cour d'appel". In Le français face aux défis actuels : histoire, langue et culture, ed. Rodrigo Lñpez Carrillo et Javier Suso Lõpez. 461-469. Granada : Universidad de Granada, vol. 2.
Corpus analysé :
Arrêt CC, première chambre civile, nº 1511, 9/10/2001 ; nº 1191, 23/09/2003 ; nº1607, 9/11/2004 ; nº 1, 24/01/2006 ; nº130, 24/01/2006 ; nº 133, 24/01/2006, nº136, 24/01/2006 ; nº195, 24/01/2006 ; nº 196, 24/01/2006 ; nº 1177,5/07/2006.
http://www.courdecassation.fr/jurisprudence_2/premiere_chambre_civile_568/ (accessed april 2009)
STS Sala de lo Civil de 7/07/2002 ; de 21/12/2005 ; de 18/05/2006 ; de 05/12/2006 ; de 17/07/2007 ; de 23/05/2006 ; de 20/07/2007 ; de 19/06/2007 ; de 19/07/2007 (nº
de resoluciõn 836/2007) ; de 19/07/2007 (nº de resoluciõn 916/2007). http://www.poderjudicial.es/jurisprudencia/consulta (accessed april 2009)
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