Schlagworte
особенности лексикона
финский-русский
юридические термины
Zitationsvorschlag
Abstract
Принято считать, что судебный перевод должен быть точным и передавать все нюансы исходного сообщения, включая стиль и регистр речи говорящего, акцентное выделение, громкость и экспрессивность высказывания, паузы, а также экстралингвистические элементы сообщения (см. Driesen 1992; González, Vásquez & Mikkelson 1991: 16, 272; Hale 2004: 8–9; Mikkelson 2000: 50, 61; Moeketsin1999: 100). В выступлении коснусь вопроса передачи особенностей лексикона говорящего при переводе судебного допроса. Передача лексических особенностей речи может быть важна по двум причинам. Во-первых, формулировка вопроса, выбор используемых при этом слов и терминов может быть сознательным и тщательно продуманным стратегическим ходом адвоката или прокурора (см. Colin & Morris 1996: 21; Kiesiläinen & Niemi-Kiesiläinen 2000: 190.) Определенный выбор слов может даже применяться для манипуляции памятью свидетеля или служить средством для введения его в заблуждение (Haapasalo 2000: 58). Допрашиваемый, отвечая на заданный ему вопрос, может сознательно подбирать те или иные слова или выражения, наиболее оптимально отвечающие его ви́дению происходящего. Во-вторых, особенности речи допрашиваемого, в том числе и лексики, создает у слушающих, и в первую очередь у членов суда, определенное объективное или субъективное представление о личности говорящего и о правдивости его показаний. Такие представления могут иметь значение при оценке доказательств и вынесении решения по делу. В качестве материала исследования используются аутентичные переводы судебных допросов, выполненных в языковой паре финский-русский. Аудиозаписи переводов транскрибированы, аннотированы и сохранены в корпусе устного перевода CIC (Corpus of Court Interpreting at the University of Tampere), созданного на кафедре перевода русского языка Института современных языков и переводоведения Тамперского университета (Финляндия). В докладе будут рассмотрены две категории лексических единиц – разговорные слова и выражения и специальные юридические термины. Результаты корпусного исследования дают основания полагать, что переводчики систематически изменяют регистр речи, используемый говорящим. При переводе разговорная, подчас несколько сниженная лексика нормализируется, а термины, в свою очередь, нередко заменяются неспециальными выражениями или опускаются. Полагаю, что переводчик неосознанно стремится передавать сообщения общедоступным, литературным языком и потому сглаживает использование нестандартной лексики.Literaturhinweise
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Электронные источники:
Корпус устного перевода CIC = Corpus of Court Interpreting at the University of Tampere. https://mustikka.uta.fi/spoken/. [19.10.2009]
Финско-русский электронный словарь MOT Venäjä 1.0a 2008. http://mot.kielikone.fi/mot/uta/netmot.exe. [19.10.2009]
Словарь молодежного слэнга. http://teenslang.su/ [19.10.2009]
Словарь молодежного слэнга Словоново. Saatavissa: http://slovonovo.ru/. [19.10.2009]
Сравнительный корпус текстов законов Финляндии и Российской Федерации FiRuLex = Comparable Russian-Finnish Corpus of Legal Texts. https://mustikka.uta.fi/corpora/. [19.10.2009]
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