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konstytucja
język prawny
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Abstrakt
Preambuła konstytucji jest szczególnym rodzajem tekstu prawnego, różniącym się znacznie od pozostałych tekstów normatywnych, zarówno pod względem leksykalno-składniowym, jak i semantycznym. Niniejsza praca ma na celu dokonanie charakterystyki prawno-językowej preambuły konstytucji – jej treści, formy oraz funkcji, jaką odgrywa w systemie prawnym. Korpus badawczy stanowią teksty ponad dwudziestu preambuł konstytucji krajów europejskich. Wyniki badań wskazują, że pomimo pewnych różnic pomiędzy preambułami poszczególnych krajów europejskich, istnieje wiele cech wspólnych – niemal wszystkie wymieniają bowiem wartości i zasady, postrzegane jako fundamentalne dla narodu, takie jak niezależność, wolność czy demokracja. Niektóre preambuły odwołują się również do historii swojego kraju lub do religii i samej osoby Boga – zarówno w sposób pośredni, jak I bezpośredni. Pomimo faktu, iż preambuła pod względem językowym nie przypomina innych tekstów prawnych, można przypisać jej cechy tekstu normatywnego.Bibliografia
Bała, Paweł. 2016. Invocatio Dei w Konstytucji RP z 2 kwietnia 1997 r. w perspektywie porównawczej i historycznej, http://www.bibliotekacyfrowa.pl/Content/39049/016.pdf, consulté le 1 septembre 2016.
Définitions : préambule – Dictionnaire de français Larousse, http://www.larousse.fr/dictionnaires/francais/préambule/63282?q=preambule, consulté le 1 septembre 2016.
Skrzydło, Wiesław. 2009. Konstytucja Rzeczpospolitej Polskiej. Komentarz. Warszawa : Wolters Kluwer Polska.
Stefaniuk, Małgorzata. 2005. Preambuła do Konstytucji Rp z 2 kwietnia 1997 roku w orzecznictwie Trybunału Konstytucyjnego. Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska Lublin – Polonia. Sectio G Ius. Vol. L/LI 2003/2004. ss. 203-223.
Stefaniuk, Małgorzata Ewa. 2009. Preambuła aktu normatywnego w doktrynie oraz w procesie stanowienia i stosowania polskiego prawa w latach 1989-2007. Lublin : Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej 2009.
Décisions :
Décision du Tribunal Constitutionnel de 11 mai 2007, nº K 34/97, otk.trybunal.gov.pl/orzeczenia/teksty/otk/2007/K_02_07.doc, consulté le 1 septembre 2016.
Décision du Tribunal Constitutionnel de 26 juin 2000, sign. 29/00. http://otk.trybunal.gov.pl/orzeczenia/teksty/otkpdf/2000/Ts029z 00.pdf, consulté le 1 septembre 2016.
Décision du Tribunal Constitutionnel de 3 juin 1997, nº K 34/97, http://otk.trybunal.gov.pl/orzeczenia/teksty/otkpdf/1998/k_34_9 7.pdf, consulté le 1 septembre 2016.
Constitutions :
Constitution de l’Espagne, http://mjp.univ-perp.fr/constit/es1978.htm, consulté le 1 septembre 2016.
Constitution de l’Irlande, http://mjp.univ-perp.fr/constit/ie.htm, consulté le 1 septembre 2016.
Constitution de l’Ukraine, http://mjp.univ-perp.fr/constit/ua2011.htm, consulté le 1 septembre 2016.
Constitution de la Fédération de Russie, http://mjp.univ-perp.fr/constit/ru2008.htm, consulté le 1 septembre 2016.
Constitution de la Grèce, http://mjp.univ-perp.fr/constit/gr1975.htm, consulté le 1 septembre 2016.
Constitution de la Hongrie (officiellement nommée « Loi fondamentale de la Hongrie »), http://mjp.univ-perp.fr/constit/hu2011.htm, consulté le 1 septembre 2016.
Constitution de la Moldavie, http://mjp.univ-perp.fr/constit/md1994.htm, consulté le 1 septembre 2016.
Constitution de la Principauté l’Andorre, http://mjp.univ-perp.fr/constit/and1993.htm, consulté le 1 septembre 2016.
Constitution de la République d’Estonie, http://mjp.univ-perp.fr/constit/ee1992.htm, consulté le 1 septembre 2016.
Constitution de la République de Biélorussie, http://mjp.univ-perp.fr/constit/by1996.htm, consulté le 1 septembre 2016.
Constitution de la République de Croatie, http://mjp.univ-perp.fr/constit/hr.htm, consulté 1 septembre 2016.
Constitution de la République de Lituanie, http://mjp.univ-perp.fr/constit/lt1992.htm, consulté le 1 septembre 2016.
Constitution de la République de Macédoine, http://mjp.univ-perp.fr/constit/mk1991.htm, consulté le 1 septembre 2016.
Constitution de la République de Pologne, http://www.sejm.gov.pl/prawo/konst/francuski/kon1.htm, consulté le 1 septembre 2016.
Constitution de la République du Portugal, http://mjp.univ-perp.fr/constit/pt1976.htm, consulté le 1 septembre 2016.
Constitution de la République fédérale d’Allemagne, https://www.bundestag.de/blob/189762/f0568757877611b2e434 039d29a1a822/loi_fondamentale-data.pdf, consulté le 1 septembre 2016.
Constitution de la République française, http://mjp.univ-perp.fr/france/co1958.htm, consulté le 1 septembre 2016.
Constitution de la République Tchèque, http://mjp.univ-perp.fr/constit/cz1992.htm, consulté le 1 septembre 2016.
Constitution de la Serbie, http://mjp.univ-perp.fr/constit/rs2006.htm, consulté le 1 septembre 2016.
Constitution de Monaco, http://mjp.univ-perp.fr/constit/mon1962.htm, consulté le 1 septembre 2016.
Constitution fédérale de la Confédération suisse, http://mjp.univ-perp.fr/constit/ch2000.htm, consulté le 1 septembre 2016.
Constitutions du Monde, http://mjp.univ-perp.fr/constit/constitintro.htm, consulté le 1 septembre 2016.
Loi fondamentale de l'État de la Cité du Vatican, http://mjp.univ-perp.fr/constit/va2001.htm, consulté le 1 septembre 2016.
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