Słowa kluczowe
konotacje
język prawa
tłumaczenie prawnicze
prawo karne
subiektywność
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Abstrakt
Poprzez lapidarny i bezosobowy styl wypowiedzi oraz abstrakcyjną pojęciowość język prawny dąży do obiektywizmu, pozostając przy tym narzędziem pozwalającym na wyrażenie relacji autorytarności i podporządkowania. Mimo postulowanej wobec języka prawnego jako języka fachowego estetycznej, ekspresywnej oraz moralnej neutralności język ten nie jest wcale aż tak neutralny. Zawiera w sobie elementy subiektywności i ekspresywności w postaci nacechowania emocjonalnego terminologii, obecności emfazy czy stosowania wyrażeń ocennych. Niniejszy artykuł ma na celu prześledzenie przejawów ekspresji w obszarze leksyki z dziedziny prawa karnego, określenie roli ekspresywności i porównanie stopnia jej intensywności w analizowanych niemieckich i polskich przykładach z tekstów prawnych oraz przedstawienie problematyki ich przekładu. Uwaga skierowana zostanie ponadto na elementy subiektywności obecne w samym procesie przekładu, takie jak nadmierna estetyzacja przekładu oraz ocena i wybór stopnia intensywności zabarwienia emocjonalnego w tłumaczeniu. Jako materiał badawczy do analizy posłużą wybrane fragmenty niemieckiego i polskiego kodeksu karnego wraz z tłumaczeniami.Bibliografia
Bally, Charles. 1966. Mechanizm ekspresywności językowej. Hrsg. Maria Renata Mayenowa, 110-149. Stylistyka Bally′ego. Warszawa: PWN.
Busse, Dietrich. 2000. Die juristische Fachsprache als Institutionensprache am Beispiel von Gesetzen und ihrer Auslegung. In Fachsprachen. Ein internationales Handbuch zur Fachsprachenforschung und Terminologiewissenschaft. Hrsg. Lothar Hoffman, Hartwig Kalverkämper und Herbert Ernst Wiegand, 1382-1391. Berlin / New York: de Gruyter.
Busse, Dietrich. 1998. Rechtssprache als Problem der Bedeutungsbeschreibung. Semantische Aspekte einer institutionellen Fachsprache. Sprache und Literatur in Wissenschaft und Unterricht 29 (81): 24-47.
Ciompi, Luc. 1997. Die emotionalen Grundlagen des Denkens. Entwurf einer fraktalen Affektlogik. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
Creifelds, Carl und Klaus Weber. 2001. Rechtswörterbuch. München: C. H. Beck.
Daszkiewicz, Krystyna. 1961. Motyw przestępstwa. Palestra 9: 60-72.
Drescher, Martina. 2003. Sprachliche Affektivität. Tübingen: Max Niemeyer Verlag.
Erdmann, Karl Otto. 1925. Die Bedeutung des Wortes. Aufsätze aus dem Grenzgebiet der Sprachpsychologie und der Logik. Leipzig.
Fiehler, Reinhard. 1990. Kommunikation und Emotion: theoretische und empirische Untersuchungen zur Rolle von Emotionen in der verbalen Interaktion. Berlin / New York: de Gruyter.
Gast, Wolfgang. 2006. Juristische Rhetorik. Heidelberg: C.F.Müller Verlag.
Jacewicz, Iwona. 2010. Zur Frage des gemeinsamen Interessenobjekts der Linguistik und Rechtswissenschaft: Sprache und Recht. Lingwistyka Stosowana 3: 185-195.
Jahr, Silke. 2000. Emotionen und Emotionsstrukturen in Sachtexten: ein interdisziplinärer Ansatz zur qualitativen und quantitativen Beschreibung der Emotionalität von Texten. Berlin / New York: de Gruyter.
Jakobson, Roman. 1960. Closing statement: Linguistics and Poetics. In Style in Language. Hrsg. Thomas A. Sebeok, 350-377. Cambridge / Massachusetts: MIT Press.
Kulesza, Jerzy. 2004. Glosa do wyroku Sądu Apelacyjnego w Lublinie z dnia 27 maja 2002 r., sygn. Aka 99/02. Prokuratura i Prawo 2: 123-128.
Obuchowski, Kazimierz. 1966. Psychologia dążeń ludzkich. Warszawa: PWN.
Radbruch, Gustav. 2003. Rechtsphilosophie. Heidelberg: C.F.Müller Verlag.
Weisflog, Walter E. 1996. Rechtsvergleichung und juristische Übersetzung. Eine interdisziplinäre Studie. Zürich: Schulthess.
Primärliteratur
Deutsches Strafgesetzbuch vom 17. Oktober 1964 zuletzt geändert 21.1.2013 (BGBl. I S. 95). Übersetzung ins Polnische. Übersetzt von Ewa Schwierskott-Matheson. Regensburg: DeIure 2013 (bilingual Polnisch-Deutsch).
Polnisches Strafgesetzbuch vom 6. Juni 1997, Übersetzung des Strafgesetzbuches (Dz. U. vom 2. August 1997 Nr. 88, Pos. 553). Übersetzt von Ewa Schwierskott-Matheson. Regensburg: DeIure 2011 (bilingual Polnisch-Deutsch).
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