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Kodeks Napoleona
japoński kodeks cywilny
tłumaczenie
prawo cywilne
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Kodeks Napoleona został wprowadzony we Francji w 1804 roku przez Napoleona Bonaparte. Była to pierwsza wielka kodyfikacja prawa francuskiego w wyniku rewolucji francuskiej. Kodeks ten miał ogromny wpływ nie tylko na kraje nad którymi Napoleon odniósł wielkie zwycięstwa, ale również na niektóre kraje azjatyckie, takie jak Japonia. W Japonii, w zakresie prawa cywilnego próby przekształcenia praw ponad trzystu ówczesnych księstw feudalnych w jednolite prawo cywilne obejmujące całą Japonię podjęte zostały w erze Meiji. Przetłumaczono wówczas na język japoński Kodeks Napoleona, który był uznawany za najdoskonalszy. Jednakże wobec braku podobnych tłumaczeń i słowników, tłumacz Mitsukuri Rinshō zmuszony był do tworzenia wielu neologizmów. Dzięki przetłumaczeniu Kodeksu Napoleona na język japoński, zaczęły napływać do Japonii z zachodu nowe, nieistniejące wcześniej w kulturze japońskiej pojęcia. Przekładanie takich pojęć nie było łatwe, ponieważ niemożliwe było przekazywanie nowożytnych idei w ówczesnym języku japońskim. Chciałabym analizować pojęcia prawne które były przekładane przez tłumacza na język japoński mimo, że nie istniały wtedy w Japonii, takie jak np. "prawo cywilne” i „民権minken” z punktu widzenia lingwistycznego.Bibliografia
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