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Abstrakt
Teksty prawne są ściśle związane ze wspólnotami językowymi i kulturowymi, w których powstają, w związku z czym oddają one zależności między ich członkami. Są to teksty bardzo złożone, podlegające restrykcyjnym wymogom językowym. Jednakże, jak wskazali Ansombre i Ducrot (1983), każda jednostka językowa zawiera wskazówki semantyczne i pragmatyczne, które przekładają się na określoną orientację argumentacyjną i oddają punkt widzenia mówcy (Raccah 2005). Niniejsza analiza, dokonana w oparciu o korpus zdań dyktowanych przez francuski Cour de Cassation oraz hiszpańską Sala Primera de lo Civil del Tribunal Supremo analizuje wyrażenia użyte w odniesieniu do mówcy lub instytucji jak i zdania stanowiące fragment tekstu. Analiza porównawcza dowodzi, że teksty takie zawierają wiele punktów odniesienia, stanowiące jednocześnie charakterystyczne cechy tego rodzaju tekstów na poziomach zarówno makro- jak i mikro.
Bibliografia
Anscombre, Jean-Claude et Ducrot, Oswald. 1983. L'argumentation dans la langue. Liège-Paris : Mardaga.
Ducrot, Oswald. 1984a. "Esquisse d‘une théorie polyphonique de l‘énonciation" In Le dire et le dit, 171-233. Paris : Minuit.
Ducrot, Oswald. 1984b. "L‘argumentation par autorité". In Le dire et le dit, 149-169. Paris : Minuit.
Turco, Gilbert et Coltier, Danielle. 1988. Des agents doubles de l‘organisation textuelle, les marqueurs d‘intégration linéaire. Pratiques 57 : 57-79.
Véglia, Arlette. 1997. "Analyse d‘un arrêt de rejet de la Cour de Cassation". In: La langue de spécialité et le discours scientifique, ed. Jordi Piqué, J. Vicent Andre-Besñ et M. Carmen Cuéllar, 38-42. València : Au llibres.
Véglia, Arlette. 2004. "Etude lexicale du genre `décision de justice´ dans le domaine pénal: l'arrêt de Cour d'appel". In Le français face aux défis actuels : histoire, langue et culture, ed. Rodrigo Lñpez Carrillo et Javier Suso Lõpez. 461-469. Granada : Universidad de Granada, vol. 2.
Corpus analysé :
Arrêt CC, première chambre civile, nº 1511, 9/10/2001 ; nº 1191, 23/09/2003 ; nº1607, 9/11/2004 ; nº 1, 24/01/2006 ; nº130, 24/01/2006 ; nº 133, 24/01/2006, nº136, 24/01/2006 ; nº195, 24/01/2006 ; nº 196, 24/01/2006 ; nº 1177,5/07/2006.
http://www.courdecassation.fr/jurisprudence_2/premiere_chambre_civile_568/ (accessed april 2009)
STS Sala de lo Civil de 7/07/2002 ; de 21/12/2005 ; de 18/05/2006 ; de 05/12/2006 ; de 17/07/2007 ; de 23/05/2006 ; de 20/07/2007 ; de 19/06/2007 ; de 19/07/2007 (nº
de resoluciõn 836/2007) ; de 19/07/2007 (nº de resoluciõn 916/2007). http://www.poderjudicial.es/jurisprudencia/consulta (accessed april 2009)
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