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Abstrakt
Celem pracy jest przedstawienie najbardziej typowych metod wyrażania modalności deontycznej (tj. nakazu, zakazu i przyzwolenia) w brytyjskich, amerykańskich i polskich umowach. Autorka dokonuje analizy 45 umów sformułowanych w polskim, amerykańskimi brytyjskim języku prawniczym. Zanalizowano następujące umowy: (i) umowy przeniesienia własności, (ii) umowy sprzedaży, (iii) umowy najmu i dzierżawy, (iv) umowy logistyczne (dystrybucji i magazynowania), (v) umowy spółek kapitałowych i osobowych, (vi) umowy świadczenia usług, (vii) umowy o dzieło, umowy zlecenia oraz umowy o pracę. Autorka przedstawia przykłady i dokonuje zestawienia wykładników modalności deontycznej w tabelach. Zebrane przykłady mogą stanowić ekwiwalenty przekładowe zgodnie z zasadą stosowania ekwiwalencji tekstowo-normatywnej (cf. Kierzkowska 2002).Bibliografia
Bańczerowski, Jerzy, Pogonowski, Jerzy, Zgółka, Tadeusz, 1982. Wstęp do językoznawstwa. Poznań: UAM.
Black‟s Law Dictionary. 2004. Eighth Edition. Garner Brayan A. (ed.). United States of America: Thomson Wesvol.
Delisle, Jean (et al., ed.), 1999. Translation Terminology. Amsterdam/Philadephia: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
Faber, Dorrit, Hjort-Pedersen, M., Klinge, A. 1996/1997. Introduction to English Legal Language. BA Sproglinien.
Garner, Bryan A., 2001. A Dictionary of Modern Legal Usage. London/New York:Oxford University Press.
Grzegorczykowa, Renata, 2001. Wprowadzenie do semantyki językoznawczej. Warszawa: PWN.
Jędrzejko, Ewa, 1987. Semantyka i składnia polskich czasowników deontycznych. Wrocław: Ossolineum.
Jędrzejko, Ewa, 1988. O tzw. wewnętrznej i zewnętrznej konieczności i jej podstawowych wykładnikach leksykalnych. Polonica 13, (17–27).
Joseph, John.E., 1995. Indeterminancy, Translation and the Law. Translation and the Law, M. Morris (ed.). Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company, p. 13–36.
Kaczmarek, Karolina, Matulewska, Aleksandra, 2007. Polish Petitions in Polish-Hungarian and Polish-English Aspect of Translation. (not published).
Kiefer Ferenc, Gyuris Beata, 2006, Szemantika, in: Kiefer Ferenc (szerk.), Magyar nyelv, Budapest, Akadémiai Kiadñ.
Kiefer, Ferenc, 1999. Modality. Concise Encyclopedia of Grammatical Categories. Keith Brown, Jim Miller and R.E. Asher (eds). Amsterdam: Elsevier.
Kielar, Barbara Z., Miler, J., 1993. Through the Looking Glass of Translation – the Verb Phrases of the Statutory Clauses in Kodeks Handlowy and Their English Renditions. International Forum of Legal Translation 1992. Proceedings. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo TEPIS Polskiego Towarzystwa Tłumaczy Ekonomicznych, Prawniczych i Sądowych., (41–53).
Kierzkowska, Danuta (red.), 2005. Kodeks Tłumacza Przysięgłego z komentarzem. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo TEPIS Polskiego Towarzystwa Tłumaczy Ekonomicznych, Prawniczych i Sądowych.
Kierzkowska, Danuta, 2002. Tłumaczenie prawnicze. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo TEPIS Polskiego Towarzystwa Tłumaczy Ekonomicznych, Prawniczych i Sądowych.
Lyons, John, 1977. Semantics 1–2. Cambridge University Press.
Lyons, John, 1989. Semantyka 1–2. Warszawa: PWN.
Palmer, Frank Robert, 1999. Mood and Modality: Basic Principles. Concise Encyclopedia of Grammatical Categories. Keith Brown, Jim Miller and R.E. Asher (eds). Amsterdam: Elsevier.
Palmer, Frank Robert, 2001. Mood and Modality. Cambridge University Press; 2 edition.
Radwański, Zbigniew, 2005. Prawo cywilne – część ogólna. Warszawa: C.H. Beck.
Rytel, Danuta, 1982. Leksykalne środki wyrażania modalności w języku czeskim i polskim. Wrocław: Ossolineum.
Stawecki, Tomasz, Winczorek, Piotr, 2002. Wstęp do prawoznawstwa. Warszawa: C.H. Beck.
Vermeer, Hans J., 2001. Skopos and Commission in Translational Action. The Translation Studies Reader, Lawrence Venuti and Mona Baker (eds). London/New York: Routlege, (221–232).
Wronkowska, Sławomira, Zieliński, Maciej, 1997. Zasady techniki prawodawczej, Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Sejmowe
Wronkowska, Sławomira, Zieliński Maciej, 1993. Problemy i zasady redagowania tekstów prawnych. Warszawa: Urząd Rady Ministrów.
Wróbel, Henryk, 1991. O modalności. Język Polski 3–5, (260 270).
Wróblewski, Bronisław, 1948. Język prawny i prawniczy. Kraków.
Zieliński, Maciej, 2002. Wykładnia prawa. Zasady. Reguły. Wskazówki.Warszawa:Wydawnictwo Prawnicze LexisNexis.
Polish Sources
Akt założycielski spółki z ograniczoną odpowiedzialnością.
Umowa dzierżawy – Lex Omega
Umowa najmu – Lex Omega
Umowa najmu z 30 lipca 2000r. (own sources).
Umowa o dzieło zawarta z Uniwersytetem im. Adama Mickiewicza (own sources).
Umowa o pracę (own sources).
Umowa o świadczenie usług logistycznych z 15.06.2004r. (own sources).
Umowa o świadczenie usług logistycznych z 18. 01. 1999r. (own sources).
Umowa o świadczenie usług logistycznych z 24.06.2004r. (own sources).
Umowa o świadczenie usług telefonicznych. (own sources).
Umowa sprzedaży energii elektrycznej i świadczenia usług przesyłowych. (own sources).
Umowa sprzedaży gazu ziemnego. (own sources).
Umowa sprzedaży nieruchomości w formie aktu notarialnego z 1998 r. (own sources).
Umowa sprzedaży nieruchomości w formie aktu notarialnego z 1999 r. (own sources).
Umowa sprzedaży nieruchomości w formie aktu notarialnego z 1996 r. (own sources).
Umowa sprzedaży nieruchomości w formie aktu notarialnego z 1994 r. (own sources).
Umowa sprzedaży rowerów. (own sources).
Umowa zlecenie zawarta z Uniwersytetem im. Adama Mickiewicza. (own sources).
British Sources
Agreement for the Sale of Business. In: Justyńska, J., Justyński, J. 1998. The Main Institutions of the English Legal System. Toruń: Dom Organizatora TNOIK, pp. 252-258.
Articles of Association of the Perfect Company Ltd. In: Kierzkowska, D. (ed.).1998. Selection of English Documents. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo TEPIS, pp. 139-142.
Articles of Association. Faber, D., Hjort-Pedersen, M., Klinge, A. 1996/1997. Introduction to English Legal Language. BA Sproglinien, pp. 120-122.
Contract for Sale and Purchase of Property (own sources).
Deed of Partnership. In: Kierzkowska, D. (ed.). 1998. Selection of English Documents. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo TEPIS, pp. 129-130.
Employee Agreement on Inventions and Patents. 301 Legal Forms. Letters and Agreements. 1997. London: Law Pack Publishing Ltd.
Employment Agreement. 301 Legal Forms. Letters and Agreements. 1997. London: Law Pack Publishing Ltd.
Limited Partnership Agreement. Faber, D., Hjort-Pedersen, M., Klinge, A. 1996/1997. Introduction to English Legal Language. BA Sproglinien, pp. 108-111.
Memorandum of Association of the Perfect Company Ltd. In Kierzkowska, D. (ed.). 1998. Selection of English Documents. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo TEPIS, pp. 131-138.
Memorandum of Association. Faber, D., Hjort-Pedersen, M., Klinge, A. 1996/1997. Introduction to English Legal Language. BA Sproglinien, pp. 116-118.
Partnership Agreement. In: Justyńska, J., Justyński, J. 1998. The Main Institutions of the English Legal System. Toruń: Dom Organizatora TNOIK, pp. 259-268.
Rental Agreement (For a Furnished House or Flat on an Assured Shorthold Tenancy). 301 Legal Forms. Letters and Agreements. 1997. London: Law Pack Publishing Ltd.
Rental Agreement (For an Unfurnished House or Flat on an Assured Shorthold Tenancy). 301 Legal Forms. Letters and Agreements. 1997. London: Law Pack Publishing Ltd.
Sale Agreement. In: Faber, D., Hjort-Pedersen, M., Klinge, A. 1996/1997.
Introduction to English Legal Language. BA Sproglinien, pp. 86-87.
Tenancy Agreement (own sources).
Warehousing and Distribution Agreement (own sources).
Warehousing and Partsbanks Services Agreement (own sources). American Sources
Real Estate Purchase Contract 1. In: Warda, M. 2005. The Complete Book of Real Estate Contracts, pp. 201-206.
Real Estate Purchase Contract 2. In: Warda, M. 2005. The Complete Book of Real Estate Contracts, pp. 207-212.
Real Estate Contract. In: Warda, M. 2005. The Complete Book of Real Estate Contracts, pp. 213-216.
Real Estate Sales Contract 1. In: Warda, M. 2005. The Complete Book of Real Estate Contracts, pp. 217-219.
Real Estate Purchase Contract 2. In: Warda, M. 2005. The Complete Book of Real Estate Contracts, pp. 221-223.
Deed of Conveyance (own sources).
Plain English Campaign Contracts
Domestic Contract for Minor Building Work (http://www.fmb.org.uk/find-abuilder/free-contracts/download-contracts/).
Domestic Building Contract(http://www.fmb.org.uk/find-a-builder/freecontracts/download-contracts/).
Domestic Building Contract (Scotland) for Minor Building Work(http://www.fmb.org.uk/find-a-builder/freecontracts/download-contracts/).
Commercial and Industrial Building Contract (http://www.fmb.org.uk/find-abuilder/free-contracts/download-contracts/).
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