Keywords
competence development
translation process
translation problem solving
translator training
How to Cite
Abstract
Building on previous holistic multicomponent paradigms of translation macrocompetence, a legal translation competence model is presented which avoids certain conceptual duplications in the light of professional practice, and incorporates distinctive legal thematic elements. Beyond component description, it is argued that the integral development of legal translation competence requires specific interdisciplinary methodologies for practical problem solving. The integrative approach proposed in this paper is process-oriented, and focuses on the legal translation-specific know-how within the key methodological or strategic subcompetence controlling all other subcompetences. Translation and legal knowledge are inextricably linked throughout the translation process, from the initial skopos analysis and legal macro-contextualization until the final revision stage. This approach, intended as a meta-reflection continuum between competence acquisition and reinforcement, and between formal training and professional practice, has proved effective for the systematization of problem-identification, problem-categorization and problem-solving patterns. Finally, some implications for legal translation training are outlined by way of conclusion.References
Alves, Fabio. 2005. Bridging the Gap Between Declarative and Procedural Knowledge in the Training of Translators: Meta-Reflection Under Scrutiny. Meta 50(4) [article only available in electronic form]. http://www.erudit.org/revue/meta/2005/v50/n4/019861ar.pdf.
Bestué Salinas, Carmen. 2008. El método comparativo en la traducción de textos jurídicos. Úsese con precaución. Sendebar 19: 199-212.
Biel, Łucja. 2009. Organisation of background knowledge structures in legal language and related translation problems. Comparative Legilinguistics 1: 176-189.
De Groot, Gérard-René. 2006. Legal Translation. In: Jan M. Smits. Elgar Encyclopedia of Comparative Law. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing, 423-433.
Delisle, Jean. 1992. Les manuels de traduction: essai de classification. TTR (traduction, terminologie, rédaction) 5(1): 17-47.
EMT Expert Group. 2009. Competences for professional translators, experts in multilingual and multimedia communication. Brussels: European Commission. http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/translation/programmes/emt/key_documents/emt_competences_translators_en.pdf.
Ferran Larraz, Elena. 2009. La institución desconocida y la intraducibilidad. Paralelismo entre el derecho comparado y la traducción jurídica frente a la intraducibilidad. Meta 54(2): 295-308.
Gile, Daniel. 1995. Basic Concepts and Models for Interpreter and Translator Training. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Hage, Jaap C. 1997. Reasoning with Rules. Dordrecht: Kluwer.
Hurtado Albir, Amparo (dir.). 1999. Enseñar a traducir: metodología en la formación de traductores e intérpretes. Madrid: Edelsa.
Hurtado Albir, Amparo. 2007. Competence-based Curriculum Design for Training Translators. The Interpreter and Translator Trainer 1(2): 163-195.
Kaiser-Cooke, Michèle. 1994. Translatorial expertise – a cross-cultural phenomenon from an inter-disciplinary perspective. In: Mary Snell-Hornby, Franz Pöchhacker and Klaus Kaindl (eds.). Translation Studies. An Interdiscipline. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 135-139.
Kelly, Dorothy. 2002. Un modelo de competencia traductora: Bases para el diseño curricular. Puentes 1: 9-20.
Kiraly, Donald. 1995. Pathways to Translation. Pedagogy and Process. Kent, Ohio: Kent State University Press.
Mattila, Heikki E. S. 2006. Comparative Legal Linguistics. Aldershot: Ashgate.
Mayoral Asensio, Roberto. 2005. ¿Cuánto Derecho debe saber el traductor jurídico? In: Esther Monzó and Anabel Borja (eds.). La traducción y la interpretación en las relaciones jurídicas internacionales. Castellón: Universitat Jaume I, 107-112.
Neubert, Albrecht. 1994. Competence in translation: a complex skill, how to study and how to teach it. In: Mary Snell-Hornby, Franz Pöchhacker and Klaus Kaindl (eds.). Translation Studies. An Interdiscipline. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 411-420.
Neubert, Albrecht. 2000. Competence in language, in languages, and in translation. In: Christina Schäffner and Beverly Adab (eds.). Developing Translation Competence. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 3-18.
Nord, Christiane. 1991. Text Analysis in Translation. Theory, Methodology, and Didactic Application of a Model for Translation-Oriented Text Analysis. Amsterdam: Rodopi.
PACTE. 2000. Acquiring translation competence: hypotheses and methodological problems of a research project. In: Allison Beeby, Doris Ensinger and Marisa Presas (eds.). Investigating Translation. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 99-106.
PACTE. 2003. Building a Translation Competence Model. In: Fabio Alves (ed.). Triangulating Translation: Perspectives in Process Oriented Research. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 43-66.
PACTE. 2005. Investigating Translation Competence: Conceptual and Methodological Issues. Meta 50(2): 609-619.
Prieto Ramos, Fernando. 2009. Interdisciplinariedad y ubicación macrotextual en traducción jurídica. Translation Journal 13(4). http://translationjournal.net/journal/50legal.htm.
Prieto Ramos, Fernando. 2011. El traductor como redactor de instrumentos jurídicos: el caso de los tratados internacionales. Journal of Specialised Translation 15 (forthcoming).
Pym, Anthony. 2003. Redefining Translation Competence in an Electronic Age. In Defence of a Minimalist Approach. Meta 48(4): 481-487.
Rayer, Louise. 1991. The Limburg Combined Course for Lawyers and Translators. In: Catriona Picken (ed.). ITI Conference 5: Windows on the World: Proceedings. London: ASLIB, 12-23.
Šarčević, Susan. 1997. New Approach to Legal Translation. The Hague: Kluwer Law International.
Schäffner, Christina. 2000. Running before Walking? Designing a Translation Programme at Undergraduate Level. In: Christina Schäffner and Beverly Adab (eds.). Developing Translation Competence. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 143-156.
Way, Catherine. 2002. Traducción y Derecho: iniciativas para desarrollar la colaboración interdisciplinar. Puentes 2: 15-26.
Wilss, Wolfram. 1976. Perspectives and limitations of a didactic framework for the teaching of translation. In: Richard Brislin (ed.). Translation Applications and Research. New York: Gardner, 117-137.
License
When submitting a paper the author agrees to the following publishing agreement and processing personal data.
PUBLICATION AGREEMENT, COPYRIGHT LICENSE, PERSONAL DATA PROCESSING CONSENT
This is a publication agreement and copyright license (“Agreement”) regarding a written manuscript currently submitted via Pressto platform
(“Article”) to be published in Comparative Legilinguistics International Journal for Legal Communication (“Journal”).
The parties to this Agreement are:
the Author or Authors of the submitted article (individually, or if more than one author, collectively, “Author”) and Comparative Legilinguistics International Journal for Legal Communication (“Publisher”), address al. Niepodległości 4, 61-874 Poznań, represented by its editor in chief Aleksandra Matulewska.
§1. LICENSE OF COPYRIGHT
a) The Author and the Publisher agree that the Author grants a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which is incorporated herein by reference and is further specified at Creative Commons — Attribution 4.0 International — CC BY 4.0 copyright license in the Article to the general public.
b) The Author grants to the Publisher a royalty-free, worldwide nonexclusive license to publish, reproduce, display, distribute, translate and use the Article in any form, either separately or as part of a collective work, including but not limited to a nonexclusive license to publish the Article in an issue of the Journal, copy and distribute individual reprints of the Article, authorize reproduction of the entire Article in another publication, and authorize reproduction and distribution of the Article or an abstract thereof by means of computerized retrieval systems (such as Westlaw, Lexis and SSRN). The Author retains ownership of all rights under copyright in the Article, and all rights not expressly granted in this Agreement.
c) The Author grants to the Publisher the power to assign, sublicense or otherwise transfer any and all licenses expressly granted to the Publisher under this Agreement.
d) Republication. The Author agrees to require that the Publisher be given credit as the original publisher in any republication of the Article authorized by the Author. If the Publisher authorizes any other party to republish the Article under the terms of paragraphs 1c and 1 of this Agreement, the Publisher shall require such party to ensure that the Author is credited as the Author.
§2. EDITING OF THE ARTICLE
a) The Author agrees that the Publisher may edit the Article as suitable for publication in the Journal. To the extent that the Publisher’s edits amount to copyrightable works of authorship, the Publisher hereby assigns all right, title, and interest in such edits to the Author.
§3. WARRANTIES
a) The Author represents and warrants that to the best of the Author’s knowledge the Article does not defame any person, does not invade the privacy of any person, and does not in any other manner infringe upon the rights of any person. The Author agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Publisher against all such claims.
b) The Author represents and warrants that the Author has full power and authority to enter into this Agreement and to grant the licenses granted in this Agreement.
c) The Author represents and warrants that the Article furnished to the Publisher has not been published previously. For purposes of this paragraph, making a copy of the Article accessible over the Internet, including, but not limited to, posting the Article to a database accessible over the Internet, does not constitute prior publication so long as the as such copy indicates that the Article is not in final form, such as by designating such copy to be a “draft,” a “working paper,” or “work-in-progress”. The Author agrees to hold harmless the Publisher, its licensees and distributees, from any claim, action, or proceeding alleging facts that constitute a breach of any warranty enumerated in this paragraph.
§4. TERM
a) The agreement was concluded for an unspecified time.
§5. PAYMENT
a) The Author agrees and acknowledges that the Author will receive no payment from the Publisher for use of the Article or the licenses granted in this Agreement.
b) The Publisher agrees and acknowledges that the Publisher will not receive any payment from the Author for publication by the Publisher.
§6. ENTIRE AGREEMENT
a) This Agreement supersedes any and all other agreements, either oral or in writing, between the Author and the Publisher with respect to the subject of this Agreement. This Agreement contains all of the warranties and agreements between the parties with respect to the Article, and each party acknowledges that no representations, inducements, promises, or agreements have been made by or on behalf of any party except those warranties and agreements embodied in this Agreement.
b) In all cases not regulated by this Agreement, legal provisions of Polish Copyright Act and Polish Civil Code shall apply.
c) Any disputes arising from the enforcement of obligations connected with this Agreement shall be resolved by a court competent for the headquarters of the Publisher.
d) Any amendments or additions to the Agreement must be made in writing and signed by authorised representative of both parties, otherwise being ineffective.
e) This Agreement is signed electronically and the submission of the article via the PRESSto platform is considered as the conclusion of the Agreement by the Author and the Publisher.
f) Clause for consent to the processing of personal data - general
g) The Author shall give his or her consent to the processing of their personal data in accordance with the Act of 10 May 2018 on the protection of personal data and Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of persons physical in connection with the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95/46 / EC (General Data Protection Regulation) for the purpose and in connection with making publications available on the PRESSto scientific journals platform and DeGruyter platform, guaranteeing the security of services rendered, and improving them.
I HAVE READ AND AGREE FULLY WITH THE TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT.
The Author The Publisher