关键词
ICT
WWW
DBpedia
sądownictwo powszechne
XML
Legal Semantic Web
How to Cite
摘要
Sieci semantyczne (ang. Semantic Web) pozwalają w coraz większym stopniu na przetwarzanie informacji za pośrednictwem Internetu zgodnie z ich zawartością i przeznaczeniem. Rozpowszechnienie standardów metadanych spowodowało jednak problemy z interoperacyjnością między różnymi systemami. Umożliwienie użytkownikom przeszukiwania różnych języków wymaga zasobów tłumaczeniowych, aby przekroczyć barierę językową, może stanowić poważne wyzwanie. Zaprezentowana tendencja do korzystania z sieci semantycznych jest szansą dla prawodawstwa, ułatwiającą procesy opracowania i udostępniania przepisów prawnych oraz zarządzania postępem prac legislacyjnych i realizacji procedur. Celem artykułu jest przegląd teorii sieci semantycznych w odniesieniu do pułapek związanych z definiowaniem i stosowaniem ontologii na potrzeby zrozumienia maszynowego treści przechowywanych w sieci. Zakres artykułu obejmuje wstępną analizę aspektów współpracy grup interdyscyplinarnych na etapie tworzenia metadanych - indeksowane według analiz koncepcyjnych (ontologii) danej dziedziny. Obszarem zainteresowań badawczych były również korzyści i pułapki zastosowania Open- source, XML i Legal Semantic Web w sądownictwie powszechnym.
参考
Alemu, G., Stevens, B. and Ross, P. (2012), Towards a conceptual framework for user-driven semantic metadata interoperability in digital libraries: a social constructivist approach. New Library World, Vol. 113 Nos 1/2, pp. 38-54.
Bąk J., Jędrzejek Cz., Semantic Web – technologie. XV Konferencja PLOUG, Kościelisko 2009, Politechnika Poznańska, s. 237.
Beard J., An Open-Source System for Electronic Court Filing, Linux Journal, Issue #122/June 2004.
Berners Lee T. Linked Data.[Online] [12. 2015] https://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/LinkedData.html.
Berners Lee T., Hendler J., Lassila O., Sieć Semantyczna, Świat Nauki. 2001, s. 41-49.
Cloud network architecture and ICT - Modern Network Architecture, 2013, Itknowledgeexchange.techtarget.com.
Daconta M. C., Obrst L. J., Smith K. T, The Semantic Web: A guide to the Future of XML, Web Services and Knowledge Management, John Wiley&Sons, 2003.
Diekema, A.R. (2012), Multilinguality in the digital library: a review. The Electronic Library, Vol. 30 No. 2, pp. 165-181.
Elenius D., Denker G., Stehr M.-O., A Semantic Web Reasoner for Rules, Equations and Constraints, Web Reasoning & Rule System, 2008, pp. 135-149.
https://encyklopedia.pwn.pl/haslo/ontologia;3951174.html) [11.2017].
https://sjp.pwn.pl/slowniki/semantyczny.html
https://www.gartner.com. [12.2015]
https://www.w3.org/Talks/2012/1108-LOD-Rabat/lod-datasets_2011-09-19_colored.png
Kruk S., Senior Technical Product Manager at Dynatrace, Prezentacja Sieć Semantyczna w teorii i praktyce, https://www.slideshare.net/skruk/sie-semantyczna-w-teorii-i-praktyce [11.2017]
Lula P., Stal J., Tadeusiewicz R., Morajda J., Paliwoda-Pękosz G., Wilusz W., Komputerowe metody analizy i przetwarzania danych. Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Krakowie, Kraków 2012, s. 193.
Matulewska A., Jakość przekładu prawniczego a cechy języka prawa [w:] Język, Komunikacja, Informacja, P. Nowak, P. Nowakowski (red.) 3/2008,, s. 53-63.
Mishra R. B., Kumar S. Semantic web reasoners and languages, The Artificial Intelligence Review, Springer, 2011, pp. 339-368.
Nęcka E., Orzechowski J., Szymura B., Psychologia poznawcza, PWN, Warszawa 2006.
Odlanicka-Poczobutt M., Court Technology jako przykład zastosowania ICT w sądownictwie, Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego, Ekonomiczne Problemy Usług 2015 nr 117, s. 531-540.
Odlanicka-Poczobutt M., Kulińska E., Elektronicznie systemy zarządzania sprawami jako przykład dobrych praktyk, Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego, Ekonomiczne Problemy Usług 2015 nr 117, s. 541-550.
Odlanicka-Poczobutt M., Kulińska E., Kierunki rozwoju informacji prawnej w ramach gospodarki elektronicznej, Zesz. Nauk. Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego, Ekonomiczne Problemy Usług 2014 nr 113, s. 103-111.
Odlanicka-Poczobutt M., Rola technologii informacyjno-komunikacyjnych (ICT) w sądownictwie powszechnym – wyzwania i możliwości, [w] Ekonomiczno-społeczne i techniczne wartości w gospodarce opartej na wiedzy, Buko J., (red.), Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego nr 809, Ekonomiczne Problemy Usług nr 113, Tom II, Szczecin 2014, s. 93-101.
Odlanicka-Poczobutt M., Zastosowanie nowoczesnych technik informacyjnych w sądownictwie powszechnym, [w] Europejska przestrzeń komunikacji elektronicznej, Buko J., (red.), Zeszyty naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego nr 763, Ekonomiczne Problemy Usług nr 105, Tom II, Szczecin 2013, s. 553 – 561.
Piasecki A., Socha M., Możliwości praktycznego zastosowania sieci semantycznych w przemyśle, Pomiary Automatyka Robotyka 2/2010, s. 606-615.
Radar Networks & Nova Spivack. 2007 https://www.radarnetworks.com [11.2017].
Rebo J., Roper B., Harvey T., Court Technology Conference 2009, Sept 23, 2009, Rooms 702-706, Denver 2009, Colorado.
Rudman R., Bruwer R., Defining Web 3.0: opportunities and challenges, Electronic Library, vol. 34, 2016, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, pp. 132 - 154.
Sallai G., Defining Infocommunications and Related Terms, Acta Polytechnica Hungarica, Vol. 9, No. 6, 2012, pp. 5-15.
Sartor G., Chapter 2. Legislative Information and the Web [w:] Legislative Xml For The Semantic Web. Principles, Models, Standards for Document Management, Sartor G., Palmirani M., Francesconi E., Biasiotti M. A., (Ed.), Springer - Law, Governance and Technology Series, Volume 4, 2011, pp. 16-20.
Semantyczna Sieć: Boty uczą się kojarzyć. https://www.chip.pl [11.2017].
Sieci Semantyczne - WWW następnej generacji, https://4programmers.net [11.2017].
Silverstone R. et al., Listening to a long conversation: an ethnographic approach to the study of information and communication technologies in the home, Cultural Studies, 5(2), 1991, p. 204-227.
Tracy L., Guevara J. K., Stegman E., IT Key Metrics Data 2009: Key Applications Measure: Life Cycle Distribution: Current Year, 15 December 2008, ID G00163849.
W3C. (2004). Web Services Glossary, W3C Working Group Note 11 February 2004.
Wierczyński G., 15 lat Systemu Informacji Prawnej LEX, (w:) Informacja prawna a prawa obywatela. Konferencja z okazji XXXV-lecia informatyki prawniczej w Polsce i XV-lecia Systemu Informacji Prawnej LEX, Gdańsk, 19-20 czerwca 2006 r., Sopot 2006.
Wiewiórowski W., Wierczyński G., Informatyka prawnicza. Nowoczesne technologie informacyjne w pracy prawników i administracji publicznej, wyd. 3, Warszawa 2012.
License
When submitting a paper the author agrees to the following publishing agreement and processing personal data.
PUBLICATION AGREEMENT, COPYRIGHT LICENSE, PERSONAL DATA PROCESSING CONSENT
This is a publication agreement and copyright license (“Agreement”) regarding a written manuscript currently submitted via Pressto platform
(“Article”) to be published in Comparative Legilinguistics International Journal for Legal Communication (“Journal”).
The parties to this Agreement are:
the Author or Authors of the submitted article (individually, or if more than one author, collectively, “Author”) and Comparative Legilinguistics International Journal for Legal Communication (“Publisher”), address al. Niepodległości 4, 61-874 Poznań, represented by its editor in chief Aleksandra Matulewska.
§1. LICENSE OF COPYRIGHT
a) The Author and the Publisher agree that the Author grants a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which is incorporated herein by reference and is further specified at Creative Commons — Attribution 4.0 International — CC BY 4.0 copyright license in the Article to the general public.
b) The Author grants to the Publisher a royalty-free, worldwide nonexclusive license to publish, reproduce, display, distribute, translate and use the Article in any form, either separately or as part of a collective work, including but not limited to a nonexclusive license to publish the Article in an issue of the Journal, copy and distribute individual reprints of the Article, authorize reproduction of the entire Article in another publication, and authorize reproduction and distribution of the Article or an abstract thereof by means of computerized retrieval systems (such as Westlaw, Lexis and SSRN). The Author retains ownership of all rights under copyright in the Article, and all rights not expressly granted in this Agreement.
c) The Author grants to the Publisher the power to assign, sublicense or otherwise transfer any and all licenses expressly granted to the Publisher under this Agreement.
d) Republication. The Author agrees to require that the Publisher be given credit as the original publisher in any republication of the Article authorized by the Author. If the Publisher authorizes any other party to republish the Article under the terms of paragraphs 1c and 1 of this Agreement, the Publisher shall require such party to ensure that the Author is credited as the Author.
§2. EDITING OF THE ARTICLE
a) The Author agrees that the Publisher may edit the Article as suitable for publication in the Journal. To the extent that the Publisher’s edits amount to copyrightable works of authorship, the Publisher hereby assigns all right, title, and interest in such edits to the Author.
§3. WARRANTIES
a) The Author represents and warrants that to the best of the Author’s knowledge the Article does not defame any person, does not invade the privacy of any person, and does not in any other manner infringe upon the rights of any person. The Author agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Publisher against all such claims.
b) The Author represents and warrants that the Author has full power and authority to enter into this Agreement and to grant the licenses granted in this Agreement.
c) The Author represents and warrants that the Article furnished to the Publisher has not been published previously. For purposes of this paragraph, making a copy of the Article accessible over the Internet, including, but not limited to, posting the Article to a database accessible over the Internet, does not constitute prior publication so long as the as such copy indicates that the Article is not in final form, such as by designating such copy to be a “draft,” a “working paper,” or “work-in-progress”. The Author agrees to hold harmless the Publisher, its licensees and distributees, from any claim, action, or proceeding alleging facts that constitute a breach of any warranty enumerated in this paragraph.
§4. TERM
a) The agreement was concluded for an unspecified time.
§5. PAYMENT
a) The Author agrees and acknowledges that the Author will receive no payment from the Publisher for use of the Article or the licenses granted in this Agreement.
b) The Publisher agrees and acknowledges that the Publisher will not receive any payment from the Author for publication by the Publisher.
§6. ENTIRE AGREEMENT
a) This Agreement supersedes any and all other agreements, either oral or in writing, between the Author and the Publisher with respect to the subject of this Agreement. This Agreement contains all of the warranties and agreements between the parties with respect to the Article, and each party acknowledges that no representations, inducements, promises, or agreements have been made by or on behalf of any party except those warranties and agreements embodied in this Agreement.
b) In all cases not regulated by this Agreement, legal provisions of Polish Copyright Act and Polish Civil Code shall apply.
c) Any disputes arising from the enforcement of obligations connected with this Agreement shall be resolved by a court competent for the headquarters of the Publisher.
d) Any amendments or additions to the Agreement must be made in writing and signed by authorised representative of both parties, otherwise being ineffective.
e) This Agreement is signed electronically and the submission of the article via the PRESSto platform is considered as the conclusion of the Agreement by the Author and the Publisher.
f) Clause for consent to the processing of personal data - general
g) The Author shall give his or her consent to the processing of their personal data in accordance with the Act of 10 May 2018 on the protection of personal data and Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of persons physical in connection with the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95/46 / EC (General Data Protection Regulation) for the purpose and in connection with making publications available on the PRESSto scientific journals platform and DeGruyter platform, guaranteeing the security of services rendered, and improving them.
I HAVE READ AND AGREE FULLY WITH THE TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT.
The Author The Publisher