“Prawa wyborcze kobiet osłabiłyby stabilną podstawę, na której opiera się rząd demokratyczny” ‒ brytyjscy demokratyczni antysufrażyści (1904‒1914)
PDF (English)

Słowa kluczowe

demokracja
historia pojęć
prawo wyborcze
sufrażyzm
Wielka Brytania

Jak cytować

Bonin, H. (2021). “Prawa wyborcze kobiet osłabiłyby stabilną podstawę, na której opiera się rząd demokratyczny” ‒ brytyjscy demokratyczni antysufrażyści (1904‒1914). Praktyka Teoretyczna, 39(1), 137–159. https://doi.org/10.14746/prt2021.1.7

Abstrakt

Między 1904 a 1914 rokiem brytyjska debata na temat prawa wyborczego kobiet osiągnęła szczyt intensywności. Tymczasem, choć sufrażyzm był jak dotąd przedmiotem licznych badań, niewiele uwagi poświęcono przeciwnikom praw wyborczych kobiet ‒ antysufrażystom. Artykuł koncentruje się na przemówieniach, broszurach i książkach, publikowanych przez antysufrażystów, i ma na celu prześledzenie ich intelektualnych zmagań z pojęciem demokracji. Jak się okazuje, większość z nich przedstawiała nadanie kobietom praw wyborczych jako krok w kierunku degeneracji społeczeństwa demokratycznego. Jednak, co bardziej zaskakujące, niektórzy antysufrażyści używali również demokratycznego języka w sposób pozytywny, wskazując za jego pomocą powody, dla których kobiety nie powinny głosować. Kilku z analizowanych w tekście autorów uważało, że „demokracja” opiera się na zdolności do narzucania woli większości siłą, co czyniłoby bezsilnymi rządy, wybrane przez kobiety. Sprzeciwiano się również sufrażyzmowi dlatego, że był on postrzegany jako nurt, rozwijający się wbrew “demokratycznemu duchowi” tamtych czasów. Poszczególne przykłady, zgromadzone w tekście, wskazują na rosnące znaczenie pojęcia demokracji w Wielkiej Brytanii w początkach XX wieku, oraz odkrywają próby zdefiniowania go jako kategorii konserwatywnej.

https://doi.org/10.14746/prt2021.1.7
PDF (English)

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