Abstract
This paper is an attempt to apply public goods theory (developed in theory of economy) to analyze security of nation state as an actor in international relations and as a security guarantor for citizens. Changing character of many security threats from state to non-state in origin influences features of security as a good. It is important to ask about relationship between security of nation state and security of people. The aim is to examine what kind of good (public, private, club or common) is security in both cases. In contemporary realities to perceive security traditional as a public good on every level (individual, national, international) and in every domain is not appropriate or sufficient anymore.References
Abrahamsen R., Williams M. C., Securing the city: Private security companies and non-state authority in global governance, „International Relations” 2007, Vol. 21, No. 2.
Abrahamsen R., Williams M. C., Security beyond the state: Global security assemblages in international politics, „International Political Sociology” 2009, Vol. 3, No. 1.
Altvater E., Public goods for human security, „Papeles del Este” 2007, No. 14.
Altvater E., What happens when public goods are privatised?, http://www.rosalux.de/fileadmin/rls_uploads/.../altvater_0312.pdf (09.09.2012).
Arce D. G., Sandler M. T., Transnational public goods: strategies and institutions, „European Journal of Political Economy” 2001, Vol. 17.
Baldwin D. A., The concept of security, „Review of International Studies” 1997, No. 23.
Barett S., Critical Factors for the Successful Provision of Transnational Public Goods. Back-ground Study, Stockholm 2004, http://www.gpgtaskforce.org/uploads/files/16.doc (12.04.2010).
Barrett S., Critical Factors for Providing Transnational Public Goods, w: Expert Paper Series Seven: Cross-Cutting Issues, Stockholm 2006.
Brookes M., Wahaj Z., Global Public Goods. Arguments for Collective Action, The International Council on Human Rights Policy, Review Meeting Rights and Responsibilities of Human Rights Organisations, June 2001.
Brooks D., Messiahs or mercenaries? The future of international private military services, „International Peacekeeping” 2000, Vol. 7, No. 4.
Brooks M., Weak links in the theory of weakest-link public goods, http://www.utas.edu.au/eco-fin/Library/discussion_papers/papers_00/2000-06.pdf (13.09.2012).
Brück T., An Economic analysis of security policies, „Defence and Peace Economics” 2005, Vol. 16, No. 5.
Buck S. J., The Global Commons: An Introduction, Washington DC 1998.
Buzan B., Wæver O., Wilde J. de, Security: A New Framework for Analysis, London 1998.
Carbone M., Supporting or Resisting Global Public Goods? The Policy Dimension of a Contested Concept, „Global Governance” 2007, Vol. 13.
Cerny P. G., Globalization and the Changing Logic of Collective Action, „International Organization” 1995, Vol. 49, No. 4.
Collective goods as market failures, http://www.auburn.edu/~gadzeat/public-go-ods.htm (18.12.2012).
Cornes R., Sandler T., The Theory of Externalities, Public Goods and Club Goods, Cambridge 1999.
Engerer H., Security as a public, private or club good: some fundamental considerations, „Defence and Peace Economics” 2011, Vol. 22, No. 2.
Felício T., Managing Security as a Regional Public Good. A Regional-Global Mechanism for Security, „UNU-CRIS Occasional Papers” 2005, No. 19. Paper prepared for the Conference „Regionalisation and the Taming of Globalisation? Economic, Political,Social and Governance Issues”, University of Warwick, UK, 26–28 October 2005.
Fijor J. M., Czy dobra publiczne są naprawdę publiczne?, „Studia Ekonomiczne” 2011, nr 1.
Fisk M., Global Public Goods and Self-Interest, w: Sui Generis: Essays Presented to Richard Thomas Hull, ed. E. D. Boepple, Bloomington 2005, http://www.miltonfisk.org/wri-tings/global-public-goods-and-self-interest (16.10.2011).
Foldvary F., Public Goods and Private Communities: The Market Provision of Social Services, Aldershot 1994.
Grayson K., Human Security in The Global Era, http://www.yor-ku.ca/drache/talks/pdf/apd_kylefin.pdf, (14.09.2012).
Gunning J. P., Zrozumieć demokrację. Wprowadzenie do teorii wyboru publicznego, Warszawa 2001.
Hamburg D. A., Holl J. E., Preventing Deadly Conflict. From Global Housekeeping to Neighborhood Watch, w: Global Public Goods. International Cooperation in the 21st Century, eds. I. Kaul, I. Grunberg, M. A. Stern, New York 1999.
Heinbecker P., Human security, Headlines, Canadian Institute of International Affairs, 56 (2), Toronto 1999.
Heinbecker P., Human Security: The Hard Edge, „Canadian Military Journal” 2000, Vol. 1, No. 1.
Hirshleifer J., From weakest-link to best-shot: the voluntary provision of public goods, „Public Choice” 1983, Vol. 41.
Hoppe H.H., Fallacies of the Public Goods Theory and the Production of Security, „The Journal of Libertarian Studies” 1989, Vol. IX, No. 1.
Hughes B. B., Continuity and Change in World Politics: The Clash of Perspectives, Englewood Cliffs 1991.
Huysmans J., Security! What do you mean? From concept to thick signifier, „European Journal of International Relations” 1998, Vol. 4, No. 2.
Jacquet P., Marniesse S., Financing Global Public Goods: Issues and Prospects, w: Expert Pa-per Series Seven: Cross-Cutting Issues, Stockholm 2006.
Jakubowski M., Dobra publiczne i dobra wspólne, w: Teoria wyboru publicznego. Wstęp do ekonomicznej analizy polityki i funkcjonowania sfery publicznej, red. J. Wilkin, Warszawa 2005.
Kargol-Wasiluk A., Teoria dóbr publicznych a paradygmat ekonomii sektora publicznego, „Zarządzanie Publiczne” 2008, nr 3.
Kaufmann Ch., Threat Inflation and the Failure of the Marketplace of Ideas, „International Security” 2004, Vol. 29, No. 1.
Kaul I., Conceição P., Le Goulven K., Mendoza R. U., How to Improve the Provision of Global Public Goods, w: Providing Global Public Goods: Managing Globalization, eds. I. Kaul, P. Conceição, K. Le Goulven, R. U. Mendoza, New York 2003.
Kaul I., Conceição P., Le Goulven K., Mendoza R. U., Why Do Global Public Goods Matter Today?, w: Providing Global Public Goods: Managing Globalization, eds. I. Kaul, P. Conceição, K. Le Goulven, R. U. Mendoza, New York 2003.
Kaul I., Global Public Goods: What Role for Civil Society?, „Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly” 2001, Vol. 30, No. 3.
Kaul I., Mendoza R. U., Advancing the con-cept of Public Goods, w: Providing Global Public Goods: Managing Globalization, eds. I. Kaul, P. Conceição, K. Le Goulven, R. U. Mendoza, New York 2003.
Kaul I., Public Goods: Taking the Concept to the 21st Century, http://www.yorku.ca/drache/talks/pdf/apd_kaulfin.pdf (15.09.2012).
Kaul I., Re-defining public goods: Why, How, and to What Effect, http://libra.msra.cn›publications (11.10.2012).
Kaul I., What is Public Good?, „Le Monde diplomatique” June 2000, English edition, www.mondediplo.com/2000/06/15publicgood (16.09.2012).
Kindleberger Ch. P., International Public Goods without International Government, „American Economic Review” 1986, Vol. 76, No. 1.
Kleer J., Globalne dobra publiczne a państwo narodowe, Prace i Materiały nr 267, Warszawa 2005.
Kocks A., The Financing of UN Peace Operations – An Analysis from a Global Public Good Perspective, INEF Report 2005, Heft 77.
Krahmann E., Security: Collective Good or Commodity?, „European Journal of International Relations” 2008, Vol. 14, No. 3, http://ejt.sage-pub.com/content/14/3/379.refs.html (16.09.2012).
Leander A., The market for force and public security: The destabilizing consequences of private military companies, „Journal of Peace Research” 2005, Vol. 42, No. 5.
Loader I., Consumer culture and the commodification of policing and security, „Sociology” 1999, Vol. 33, No. 2.
Mandel R., The Privatization of Security, „Armed Forces & Society” 2001, Vol. 28, No. 1.
McGill Buchanan J., The De-mand and Supply of Public Goods, Chicago 1968.
Möller B., Peace as a Global Public Good, Development and International Relations & Institute for History, International and Social Studies, Aalborg University Working Paper No. 127, 2004.
Morrissey O., Velde D. W. te, Hewitt A., Defining International Public Goods: Conceptual Issues, w: International Public Goods: Incentives, Measurement, and Financing, eds. M. Ferroni, A. Mody, Washington D.C. 2002.
Neil MacFarlane S., Weiss T. G., The United Nations, Regional Organisations and Human Security: Building Theory in Central America, „Third World Quarterly” 1994, Vol. 15, No. 2.
Olson M., The Logic of Collective Action, Cambridge 1965.
Olson M., The Logic of Collective Action, Public Goods and the Theory of Groups, Cambridge 1971.
Osler H. F., Oliver D. F., Pulpit Diplomacy: A Critical Assessment of the Axeworthy doctrine, „International Journal” 1998, Vol. 54.
Ostrom E., Governing the Commons. The Evolution of Institutions for Collective Action, Cambridge 1990.
Our Common Future, World Commission on Environment and Development, 1987.
Providing Global Public Goods: Managing Globalization, eds. I. Kaul, P. Conceição, K. Le Goulven, R. U. Mendoza, New York 2003.
Samuelson P. A., The Pure Theory of Public Expenditure, „Review of Economics and Statistics” 1954, No. 36.
Sandler T., Global Collective Action, Cambridge 2004.
Sandler T., Intergenerational public goods. Strategies, Efficiency and Institutions, w: Global Public Goods. International Cooperation in the 21st Century, eds. I. Kaul, I. Grunberg, M. A. Stern, New York 1999.
Sandler T., Regional public goods. Aid and development, 2007, http://www.adbi.org/fi-les/cpp.sandler.regional.public.goods.aid.development.pdf (19.11.2012).
Stremlau J., Peace and Security, w: Expert Paper Series Seven: Cross-Cutting Issues, Stockholm 2006.
Thomas C., Introduction, w: Globalization, Human Security, and the African Experience, eds. Thomas C., Wilken P., Boulder 1999.
Tuchman M. J., Redefining security, „Foreign Affairs” 1989, Vol. 68, No. 2.
Tuchman Mathews J., Redefining security, „Foreign Affairs” 1989, Vol. 68, No. 2.
Tzifakis N., The Privatisation of Defence and Security: Risks and Opportunities, „Liberal Emphasis”, July–August–September 2009, Vol. 40.
Ullman R. H., Redefining security, „International Security” 1983, Vol. 8, No. 1.
Welcome to Module 28, Collective Goods, Externalities and Market Failure, http://www.cbe.uidaho.edu/econ272/pdf/Mod28videonotes.pdf (18.12.2012).
Williams C. C., A Critical Evaluation of the Commodification Thesis, „Sociological Review” 2002, Vol. 50, No. 4.
Wolf H., Reconstructing the Public Monopoly of Legitimate Force, w: Private Actors and Security Governance, eds. A. Bryden, M. Caparini, Geneva 2006.
Zedillo E., Thiam T., International Task Force on Global Public Goods, w: Meeting Global Challenges: International Cooperation in the National Interest. Final report, Stockholm 2006.
Zięba R., Wprowadzenie. Pozimnowojenny paradygmat bezpieczeństwa międzynarodowego, w: Bezpieczeństwo międzynarodowe po zimnej wojnie, red. R. Zięba, Warszawa 2008.
License
Articles published in "Przegląd Strategiczny" are distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0. License (CC BY 4.0). They may be copied, redistributed and shared only if appropriate credit is given.