Women and Girl Child Labour in the Bangle Industry of Hyderabad, India
PDF

Keywords

child labour
Bangle industry
Hyderabad
trade
Informal sector
girl child
Karkhana (workshop)

How to Cite

Pande , R. (2023). Women and Girl Child Labour in the Bangle Industry of Hyderabad, India. Studia Historiae Oeconomicae, 41(2), 165–204. https://doi.org/10.14746/sho.2023.41.2.009

Number of views: 623


Number of downloads: 132

Abstract

The present paper attempts to see the women and child worker in the old city of Hyderabad in the Bangle industry. Women make up a sizable portion of India’s labour force, yet they are paid less and have less secure jobs than men. As a result, many of these mothers choose to earn an income for their families by working from home. Women who work in the informal sector work with minimum pay and hence the girl child is an easy prey to assist the mother in supplementing the income and helping in the household chores so that more time is left to pursue the trade for an income. Our sample includes 100 women respondents and 150 girls. Being in the unregulated, home-based informal sector has made it challenging to organize the employees, leaving the bulk of bangle-makers in precarious positions both at work and at home. The increasing number of children, especially girls, who are taking part in the production of bangles is also a cause for alarm. It would appear that the piece rate method of payment and the fact that the work may be done from home encourage the participation of family members, including children, in the labour force.

https://doi.org/10.14746/sho.2023.41.2.009
PDF

References

‘India has a workforce of 47.41 crore: Government’ (2014) The Economic Times, 16 July. https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/india-has-a-workforce-of-47-41-crore-government/articleshow/38486047.cms?from=mdr. Accessed 7 December, 2022.

Census (2001, 2011) Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India, Ministry of Homne affairs, Government of India. https://censusindia.gov.in/census.website/data/census-tables. Accessed 28 September 2023.

Durvasula, R. (1992) ‘Occupational health information’s systems in India’, in Reich, M.R. and Okubo, T. (eds) Protecting Workers Health in the Third World, National and International Strategies. New York: Auburn House, pp. 103–134.

Johnson, J. (2007) ‘Hyderabad police find 19 more bombs’, Financial Times. New Delhi, 26 August. https://www.ft.com/content/55fba9aa-53ce-11dc-9a6e-0000779fd2ac. Accessed 28 September 2023.

Naseem, I. (2010) ‘Impacts of Globalization on Child Labour in Glass Bangles Industry of Pakistan’, Defence Journal, 13(11), pp. 1–11.

Nasir, S. and Swalehin, M. (2011) ‘Hazardous Working Conditions of Child Labour in Lac Bangle Industry of Laad Bazaar (Hyderabad)’, Research Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 2(3), pp. 106–109.

Ramnathan, U. (2009) ‘Evolution Of The Law On Child Labor In India’, in Hindman, H.D. (ed.) The World of Child Labor – An Historical and Regional Survey. Armonk, NY: ME Sharpe, pp. 1–8.

Singh, U. (2008) A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: from the Stone Age to the 12th century. New Delhi: Pearson Education.

The challenge of slums: global report on human settlements (2003) UN-Habitat, United Nations Human Settlements Programme. London and Sterling, Earthscan Publications Ltd. https://unhabitat.org/sites/default/files/download-manager-files/The%20Challenge%20of%20Slums%20-%20Global%20Report%20on%20Human%20Settlements%202003.pdf. Accessed 28 September, 2023.

Unpaid Care and Domestic Work: Issues and Suggestions for Viet Nam (2016) United Nations Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women, Vietnam. Hanoi: UN Women. https://vietnam.un.org/sites/default/files/2019-08/Unpaid%20Care%20and%20Domestic%20Work%20-%20Tieng%20Anh%20OUT.pdf. Accessed 28 September, 2023.