Abstract
The article deals with the comparative analysis of the word-formation possibilities of the Ukrainian and Polish adverbs of place that have lost their motivational link with the pronouns from which they derived. Ukrainian derivatives are more diversified, and in the Ukrainian language features more derivational forms from the unmotivated adverbs of place. In comparison with Polish, Ukrainian has numerous derivatives with a pragmatic function: тутечки, тамечки, тутеньки, and a lot of such undefined forms as десь, абиде, будь-де, бoзна-де, казна-де, невідь-де, хтозна-де, куди-будь, куди-небудь etc., which have no close equivalents in Polish, just the adverbs somewhere, somewhere, anywhere, anywhere with the suffixes -ś and -kolwiek – gdzieś, skądś, gdziekolwiek, dokądkolwiek.
References
Bezpalko O., Boichuk M., Zhovtobriukh M., Samiilenko S., Taranenko I., Istorychna hramatyka ukrainskoi movy, Kyiv: Vyshcha shkola, 1957.
Bezpoiasko O., Horodenska K., Rusanivskyi V., Hramatyka ukrainskoi movy. Morfolohiia, Kyiv: Lybid, 1993.
Bilousenko P., Pryslivnyky chasu v suchasnii ukrainskii movi, „Ukrainska mova i literatura v shkoli”, 1982, no. 7, s. 43–46.
Bozhko Yu., Osoblyvosti pryslivnyka yak samostiinoi chastyny movy, „Linhvistyka”, 2011, no. 3 (24), ch. 2, s. 187–193.
Chaplia I., Pryslivnyky v ukrainskii movi, Kharkiv: Vydavnytstvo Kharkivskoho universytetu, 1960.
Cyran W., Przysłówki polskie. Budowa słowotwórcza, Łódź: Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich, 1967.
Datsenko I., Istoriia formuvannia pryslivnykiv mistsia ukrainskoi movy, Kyiv: Vydavnychyi dim Dmytra Buraho, 2014.
Dudka O., Shevelieva L., Ukrainska mova, Kharkiv: Parus-Druk, 2010, https://www.scribd.com/document/479335130/dudka-oo-shevelieva-la-ukrayinska-mova-pdf
Grochowski М., Przysłówki i przyimki. Studia ze składni i semantyki języka, Toruń: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Mikołaja Kopernika, 2005.
Grzegorczykowa R., Funkcje semantyczne i składniowe polskich przysłówków, Wrocław–Warszawa–Kraków–Gdańsk: Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich, 1975.
Horodenska K., Pryslivnyk, [v:] Teoretychna morfolohiia ukrainskoi movy, red. I. Vykhovanets, Kyiv: Pulsary, 2004, s. 298–327. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0301-0104(04)00018-7
HRAK – Heneralnyi rehionalno anotovanyi korpus ukrainskoi movy, Shvedova M., fon Valdenfels R., Yaryhin S., Rysin A., Starko V., Nikolaienko T. ta in., Kyiv–Lviv–Iena, 2017–2024, https://uacorpus.org
Janus E., Wykładniki intensywności cechy (na materiale polskim i rosyjskim), Wrocław: Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich, 1981.
Jodłowski S., Studia nad częściami mowy, Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, 1971.
Karavanskyi S., Sekrety ukrainskoi movy, Kyiv: Kobza, 1994.
Kononenko I., Język ukraiński i polski: studium kontrastywne, Warszawa: Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, 2012. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31338/uw.9788323520535
Kubicka E., Przysłówki reprezentujące pojęcie granicy, Toruń: Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Mikołaja Kopernika, 2015.
Maryn D., Polskie przysłówki tempa. Studium semantyczne, Warszawa: Bel Studio, 2009.
Nagórko A., Przyimki a słowotwórstwo przysłówków, „Prace Filologiczne”, 2001, t. XLIV, s. 453–462.
Nagórko A., Zarys gramatyki polskiej, Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, 2007.
Netteberg K., O formacjach przyimkowych i przedrostkowych, „Scando-Slavica”, 1959, t. V, s. 19–29. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00806765908600298
Nimchuk V., Pryslivnyk, [v:] Istoriia ukrainskoi movy. Morfolohiia, red. V. Nimchuk ta in., Kyiv: Naukova dumka, 1978, s. 342–412.
Orach O., Pizhmurky, [v:] Pervotsvit: knyha dlia chytannia v doshkilnykh zakladakh, uklad. L. Hlushchenko, Kharkiv: Ranok, 2010, s. 41.
Oshchypko I., Slovotvirna kharakterystyka ukrainskykh pryslivnykiv u porivnianni z rosiiskymy ta polskymy (model po-….-omu/ -y), „Visnyk LDU. Seriia filolohichna”, 1979, vyp. 11, s. 44–52.
Safarewicz J., O funkcji przysłówków w języku polskim, „Język Polski”, 1948, rocznik XXVIII, s. 47–50.
SJP PWN – Słownik języka polskiego PWN, http://sjp.pwn.pl/
Skarżyński M., Słownik gniazd słowotwórczych współczesnego języka ogólnopolskiego, t. 4: Gniazda motywowane przez liczebniki, przysłówki, zaimki, przyimki, modulanty, onomatopeje, wykrzykniki, Kraków: Towarzystwo Wydawnicze „Historia Iagellonica”, 2004.
Slovotvir suchasnoi ukrainskoi literaturnoi movy, red. M. Zhovtobriukh, Kyiv: Naukova dumka, 1979.
SUM-11 – Slovnyk ukrainskoi movy, Kyiv: Naukova dumka, 1970–1980, t. 1–11, http://sum.in.ua/
SUM-20 – Slovnyk ukrainskoi movy onlain, t. 1–15, Ukrainskyi movno-informatsiinyi fond NAN Ukrainy, 2010–2025, https://sum20ua.com/?wordid=0&page=0
Tokarski J., O kategorii przysłówka, „Poradnik Językowy”, 1949, z. 2, s. 14–20.
Topolińska Z., Z semantyki tzw. przymiotników i przysłówków właściwych, „Prace Filologiczne”, 1990, t. 35, s. 229–237.
Vyzhenko O., Kudykalo, http://abetka.ukrlife.org/zhyvycya.htm
Wołodźko E., Przysłówki w języku rosyjskim i polskim, Warszawa: Wydawnictwa Szkolne i Pedagogiczne, 1984.
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Anna Budziak

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
- The Author hereby warrants that he/she is the owner of all the copyright and other intellectual property rights in the Work and that, within the scope of the present Agreement, the paper does not infringe the legal rights of another person.The owner of the copyright work also warrants that he/she is the sole and original creator thereof and that is not bound by any legal constraints in regard to the use or sale of the work.
- The Author grants the Purchaser non-exclusive and free of charge license to unlimited use worldwide over an unspecified period of time in the following areas of exploitation:
2.1. production of multiple copies of the Work produced according to the specific application of a given technology, including printing, reproduction of graphics through mechanical or electrical means (reprography) and digital technology;
2.2. marketing authorisation, loan or lease of the original or copies thereof;
2.3. public performance, public performance in the broadcast, video screening, media enhancements as well as broadcasting and rebroadcasting, made available to the public in such a way that members of the public may access the Work from a place and at a time individually chosen by them;
2.4. inclusion of the Work into a collective work (i.e. with a number of contributions);
2.5. inclusion of the Work in the electronic version to be offered on an electronic platform, or any other conceivable introduction of the Work in its electronic version to the Internet;
2.6. dissemination of electronic versions of the Work in its electronic version online, in a collective work or independently;
2.7. making the Work in the electronic version available to the public in such a way that members of the public may access the Work from a place and at a time individually chosen by them, in particular by making it accessible via the Internet, Intranet, Extranet;
2.8. making the Work available according to appropriate license pattern Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) as well as another language version of this license or any later version published by Creative Commons. - The Author grants the Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan permission to:
3.1. reproduce a single copy (print or download) and royalty-free use and disposal of rights to compilations of the Work and these compilations.
3.2. send metadata files related to the Work, including to commercial and non-commercial journal-indexing databases. - The Author declares that, on the basis of the license granted in the present Agreement, the Purchaser is entitled and obliged to allow third parties to obtain further licenses (sublicenses) to the Work and to other materials, including derivatives thereof or compilations made based on or including the Work, whereas the provisions of such sub-licenses will be the same as with the attributed license pattern Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)or another language version of this license, or any later version of this license published by Creative Commons. Thereby, the Author entitles all interested parties to use the work, for non-commercial purposes only, under the following conditions:
4.1. acknowledgment of authorship, i.e. observing the obligation to provide, along with the distributed work, information about the author, title, source (link to the original Work, DOI) and of the license itself.
4.2. the derivatives of the Work are subject to the same conditions, i.e. they may be published only based on a licence which would be identical to the one granting access to the original Work. - The University of Adam Mickiewicz in Poznań is obliged to
5.1. make the Work available to the public in such a way that members of the public may access the Work from a place and at a time individually chosen by them, without any technological constraints;
5.2. appropriately inform members of the public to whom the Work is to be made available about sublicenses in such a way as to ensure that all parties are properly informed (appropriate informing messages).
Other provisions
- The University of Adam Mickiewicz in Poznań hereby preserves the copyright to the journal as a whole (layout/stylesheet, graphics, cover design, logo etc.)
