Abstract
The subject of the article is the process of the formation of contemporary Greek national consciousness and the factors influencing its historical development. The aim of the study is to identify the most important cultural, political, and social elements that contributed to the creation of modern Greek national identity. The author employed a historical-cultural method, analysing transformations occurring under the influence of successive civilisational formations and the ideas of modern nationalism. The research demonstrated that contemporary Greek national consciousness was shaped by three great traditions - ancient, Byzantine, and Ottoman - as well as by the influence of Western European Enlightenment thought. A particularly important role was played by the continuity of the Greek language, which made it possible to preserve ethnic distinctiveness despite centuries of political transformations. The author emphasises that contemporary Greek identity is not a simple continuation of antiquity but rather the result of complex historical processes involving elements of cultural heritage and the experience of the modern nation-state. An important factor in this process was the implementation of the “Great Idea” (Megali Idea), which influenced the development of national culture and political conflicts.
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© by Adam Mickiewicz University, Faculty of History, Poznań, 1993
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