Abstract
The paper explores the reasons behind and the development of the EU Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP), and its advantages and disadvantages that have emerged in the process of its formation and implementation. The transformation of the CSDP according to the Lisbon Treaty and the prospects of its operation in Europe are highlighted. Special attention is paid to the issues of improving the CSDP in the context of new threats to regional and global security. The place and role of the Baltic states in the CSDP are analysed. The position of the Baltic states in NATO, based on greater confidence in the institutions of NATO and close cooperation with the United States is considered. The basic threats and security challenges for the Baltic states nowadays are defined, including possible aggression from Russia, which is broadcast through the mainstream media as a reaction to the idea of protecting the Russian-speaking population of the Baltic states and the establishment of “geopolitical balance through their return to the Russian sphere of influence.”
References
Baun M., Marek D. (2013), The New Member States and the European Union, Foreign Policy and Europeanization, Routledge.
Biehl H., Giegerich B., Jonas A. (2013), Strategic Cultures in Europe: Security and Defence Policies Across the Continent, Springer Science & Business Media.
Dahl A.-S., Järvenpää P. (2013), Northern Security and Global Politics, Nordic-Baltic Strategic Influence in a Post-unipolar World, Routledge.
Etzioni A. (2001), Political Unification Revisited. On Building Supranational Communities, Lanham, MD: Lexington.
Fesenko N. (2010) The formation and development of the European Security and Defence Policy, no. 2(38).2010, http://www.kbuapa.kharkov.ua/e-book/apdu/2010-2/doc/4/01.pdf.
Fiott D. (2013), The Common Security and Defence Policy and IR Theory, http://www.e-ir.info/2013/08/20/the-common-security-and-defence-policy-and-ir-theory/.
Grigas A. (2013), The Politics of Energy and Memory Between the Baltic States and Russia, Ashgate.
Grigas A., Kasekamp A., Maslauskaite K., Zorgenfreija L. (2013), The Baltic States in the EU: yesterday, today and tomorrow, http://www.institutdelors.eu/media/balticstateseu-grigaskasekampmaslauskaitezorgenfreija-ne-jdi-july13.pdf?pdf=ok.
Herd G. P., Moroney J. D. P. (2013), Security Dynamics in the Former Soviet Bloc, Routledge.
Howorth J. (2014), Security and Defence Policy in the European Union, Palgrave Macmillan.
Jacobson B. (ed.) (2010), The European Union and the Baltic States: Changing Forms of Governance, Routledge.
Kasekamp A., Veebel V. (2007), Overcoming doubts: The Baltic states and the European Security and Defence, “The Estonian Foreign Policy Yearbook 2007”, http://www.isn.ethz.ch/Digital-Library/Publications/Detail/?lang=en&id=56889.
King G. J., McNabb D. E. (2014), Nation-Building in the Baltic States: Transforming Governance, Social Welfare, and Security in Northern Europe, CRC Press.
Koutrakos, P. (2013), The EU Common Security and Defence Policy, Oxford University Press, Oxford
Kramer M. (2002), NATO, the Baltic States and Russia: A Framework for Sustainable Enlargement, “International Affairs” (Royal Institute of International Affairs), vol. 78, no. 4 (Oct., 2002), pp. 731–756.
Larivé M. H. A. (2014), Debating European Security and Defense Policy. Understanding the Complexity, Ashgate, Hampshire.
Margaras V. (2010), Common Security and Defence Policy and the Lisbon Treaty Fudge: No common strategic culture, no major progress, EPIN Papers Working Paper, no. 28, June.
Medley R. (1999), Europe’s Next Big Idea. Strategy and Economics Point to a European Military, “Foreign Affairs” no. 5 (78), pp. 18–22.
Merlingen M. (2012), EU Security Policy: What It Is, How It Works, Why It Matters, Lynne Rienner, Boulder, CO.
Nikers O. (2015), Latvia in Focus: National security options for the Baltic states, “New Eastern Europe”, 07.09.2015, http://www.neweasterneurope.eu/articles-and-commentary/1710-latvia-infocus-national-security-options-for-the-baltic-states.
Ojanen H. (2002), Theories at a Loss. EU-NATO Fusion and the ‘Low-Politicization of Security and Defence in European Integration, UPI Working Papers 35, The Finnish Institute of International Affairs, Helsinki.
Pabriks A., Kudors A. (2015), The War in Ukraine: Lessons for Europe, The Centre for East European Policy Studies University of Latvia Press Rīga.
Principles of the EU Law: normative materials (amended by the Treaty of Lisbon), Kharkiv, 392 pp.
Shatun V. (2014), Defence and security policy of the European Union: formation and evolution, “Scientific works. Politology”, no. 218, vol. 230, 2014,http://irbis-nbuv.gov.ua/cgi-bin/irbis_nbuv/cgiirbis_64.exe?C21COM=2&I21DBN=UJRN&P21DBN=UJRN&IMAGE_FILE_DOWNLOAD=1&Image_file_name=PDF/Npchdupol_2014_230_218_13.pdf.
Sheludchenkova A. (2011), Common Security and Defence Policy in the structure of the European Union, “Actual problems of the state and law”, no. 54, http://irbis-nbuv.gov.ua/cgi-bin/irbis_nbuv/cgiirbis_64.exe?C21COM=2&I21DBN=UJRN&P21DBN=UJRN&IMAGE_FILE_DOWNLOAD=1&Image_file_name=PDF/apdp_2011_60_54.pdf.
Snihyr О. (2010), European Security and Defence Policy: strategic aspects of cooperation between Ukraine and the EU determination of areas and format, http://old.niss.gov.ua/Monitor/November/2.htm.
Strang J. (2015), Nordic Cooperation: A European region in transition, Routledge.
Strömvik M. (2005), To Act as Union. Explaining the Development of the EU’s Collective Foreign Policy, Lund Political Studies 142, Lund University: Department of Political Science.
The Baltic Countries’ Experience in Counteracting the Aggression of the Russian Federation, Borysfen Intel, 2014, http://bintel.com.ua/en/article/print/opyt-baltii/.
Treaty of Lisbon (2007), Official Journal of the European Union, vol. 50, 17.12.2007.
Tromer E. (2003), Baltic perspectives on the European Security and Defence Policy, http://books.sipri.org/files/books/SIPRI06BaHeSu/SIPRI06BaHeSu23.pdf.