Parole chiave
grecki Nowy Testament
Mesjasz
Nauczyciel
Ojciec
Come citare
Abstract
Everyone who studies the New Testament Bible must take into account its Aramaic backgro- und that results from several factors:
– the Aramaic language was very popular in Roman Palestine during the rst century A.D.; – the Aramaic was Jesus’ mother tongue;
– Jesus’ teaching was being recorded in Aramaic and then it circulated among the people; – the oldest Church consisted of Aramaic speaking communities. It is worth remembering that the New Testament authors, when working on the Greek Gospels, they were following their Aramaic language habits. The e ects of them were aramaisms in the Greek texts, Aramaic sentence constructions and even Aramaic words rendered by Greek letters. The aim of this paper was to investigate the Aramaic words referring to the God/Christ in the Greek text of the New Testament. Three Aramaic words were analysed:
– Messias (John 1:41; 4:25); Greek equivalent is Christos;
– Rabbouni (John 20:16; Mk 10:51); Greek equivalent is Didaskale;
– Abba (Mk 14:36; Rom 8:15; Gl 4:6); Greek equivalent is ho patēr.
The last term is semantically di erent from its Greek equivalent. Being derived from everyday language, it reveals the truth about God in a surprising way.
Riferimenti bibliografici
Baranowski K., Aramejskie słowa i wyrażenia w grece Nowego Testamentu, „Symbolae Philologorum Posnaniensium Graecae et Latinae” 26(2016) 2, s. 45-57.
Buth R., Notley R. (eds.), The language environment of first century Judaea, Leiden 2014.
Chrostowski W., Sytuacja językowa na terenie Palestyny w epoce przedchrześcijańskiej, „Przegląd Powszechny” 1985 nr 4, 46-61.
Eskhult M., The language of Jesus and related questions. A historical survey, „Kleine Untersuchungen zur Sprache des Alten Testaments und seiner Umwelt” 15(2013), s. 315-373.
Fitzmyer J., The Aramaic language and the study of the New Testament, „Journal of Biblical Literature” 99(1980) 1, s. 5-21.
Hurst L., The neglected role of semantics in the search for the Aramaic words of Jesus, „Journal for the Study of the New Testament” 28(1986), s. 63-80.
Kahle P., Das zur Zeit Jesu in Palästina gesprochene Aramäisch, „Theologische Rundschau” 17(1949) 3, s. 201-216.
Knox B., The Aramaic background of the Gospels, „Reformed Theological Review” 6(1947) 2, s. 24-29.
McDaniel Th., Clarifying New Testament Aramaic names & words and Shem Tob’s Hebrew Gospel of Matthew, Winnewood 2008.
Montgomery J., Some aramaisms in the Gospels and Acts, „Journal of Biblical Literature” 46(1927) 1-2, s. 69-73.
Muchowski P., Język codzienny Judei w I i II wieku w świetle rękopisów znad Morza Martwego, „Scripta Biblica et Orientalia” 2(2010), s. 131-139.
Muchowski P., Języki Judei czasów Jezusa w świetle świadectwa rękopisów znad Morza Martwego (na marginesie „Pasji” Mela Gibsona), „Biblica et Patristica Thorunensia” 2(2004), s. 156-160.
Ong H., The multilingual Jesus and the sociolinguistic world of the New Testament, Leiden 2016.
Ostański P., Języki używane przez Jezusa na tle sytuacji językowej w rzymskiej Palestynie, „Wrocławski Przegląd Teologiczny” 23(2015) 2, s. 45-74.
Segert S., The languages of historical Jesus, „Communio Viatorum” 44(2002) 2, s. 161-173.
Selby G., The language in which Jesus taught, „Theology” 86(1983) 711, s. 185-193.
Spolsky B., The languages of the Jews. A sociolinguistic history, Cambridge 2014.
Szmajdziński M., Język aramejski. „Lingua franca” starożytnego Bliskiego Wschodu, w: „Gloriam praecedit humilitas” (Prz 15,33). Księga Pamiątkowa dla Księdza Profesora Antoniego Troniny w 70. rocznicę urodzin, red. M. Szmajdziński, Częstochowa 2015, s. 737-755.
Torrey Ch., The Aramaic of the Gospels, „Journal of Biblical Literature” 61(1942) 2, s. 71-85.
Tresham A., The languages spoken by Jesus, „Master’s Seminary Journal” 20(2009) 1, s. 71-94.