Keywords
Apple Incorporated
Apple II
creativity
computer
How to Cite
Abstract
The first reason for writing this paper is to analyse what determines the creativity of an individual, in this case using the example of Stephan Wozniak. Another is to reframe the popular opinion that Apple Incorporated (hereafter: Apple Inc.) owes most to Steve Jobs. For this purpose, selected book publications, interviews with Steve Wozniak and other articles widely available on the Internet were analysed. The biography, relationships and views of the engineer from San Jose were examined. After careful analysis, it can be concluded that external, processual as well as internal factors condition creativity and, moreover, after reading this work, it will certainly be justified to consider S. Wozniak as a major contributor to Apple Inc.
References
ABC News (2007), Three Minutes With Steve Wozniak, https://web.archive.org/web/20131110220223/http://abcnews.go.com/Technology/PCWorld/story?id=3396207, 10.01.2025.
Amabile T. M. (1983), The Social Psychology of Creativity, Springer-Verlag, New York.
Arystoteles (2010), Polityka, tłum. K. Kenig, Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Warszawa.
Atariage.com (2010), Nolan Bushnell Appointed to Atari Board – AtariAge Forums – Page 30, https://forums.atariage.com/topic/161774-nolan-bushnell-appointed-to-atari-board/, 10.01.2025.
Bieniok H. (2010), Zarządzanie czasem. Poradnik dla mało efektywnych, Difin, Warszawa.
Biography (2021), Steve Wozniak, https://www.biography.com/inventors/steve-wozniak?utm_source=chatgpt.com, 10.01.2025.
Chrobot M. (2012), Apple II kończy 35 lat! Dzięki niemu Apple wyrosło z garażu, https://www.komputerswiat.pl/artykuly/redakcyjne/apple-ii-konczy-35-lat-dzieki-niemu-apple-wyroslo-z-garazu-or-35-urodziny-apple-ii/1gh7ctj, 4.04.2025.
Codemotion (2023), The Life of Kevin Mitnick: The World’s Most Famous Hacker, https://www.codemotion.com/magazine/cybersecurity/kevin-mitnick-the-worlds-most-famous-hacker/, 4.04.2025.
Guilford J. P. (1950), Creativity, „American Psychologist”, 5(9), s. 444–454.
Hosch W. (2024), Stephen Gary Wozniak, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Stephen-Gary-Wozniak, 10.01.2025.
Isaacson W. (2011), Steve Jobs, Simon and Schuster, Nowy Jork.
Kantowicz-Gdańska M. (2009), Employer branding – kwestie definicji i modelu, HRM [ZZL], vol. 1, nr 6, s. 55–65.
Słownik języka polskiego PWN (2025), hasło: kreatywny, https://sjp.pwn.pl/slowniki/kreatywno%C5%9B%C4%87.html, 4.04.2025.
Leingang R. (2019), Complaint over quality of Woz U, Steve Wozniak’s Scottsdale school, dismissed, https://eu.azcentral.com/story/news/local/arizona-education/2018/12/20/woz-u-complaint-over-quality-steve-wozniak-scottsdale-school-dismissed/2343067002/, 10.01.2025.
Linzmayer O. (2004), Apple Confidential 2.0, No Starch Press, San Francisco.
Łada D. (2016), Wywiad ze Stevem Wozniakiem, https://imagazine.pl/2016/04/01/wywiad-ze-stevem-wozniakiem/?t, 10.01.2025.
Olubiński A. (1990), Rola społeczna a procesy socjalizacji i wychowania, „Ruch Prawniczy, Ekonomiczny i Socjologiczny”, 52, z. 2, https://repozytorium.amu.edu.pl/server/api/core/bitstreams/0526aa86-1644-4e75-a415-a94c5e026008/content, 4.04.2025.
Ong J. (2010), Apple co-founder offered first computer design to HP 5 times, https://appleinsider.com/articles/10/12/06/apple_co_founder_offered_first_computer_design_to_hp_5_times, 10.01.2025.
Pawlak R., Tomys Ł. (2021), Steve Wozniak. Geniusz Apple, Łukasz Tomys Publishing, Poznań.
Ray M. (2013), Edward Snowden, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Edward-Snowden, 4.04.2025.
Rhodes M. (1961), An Analysis of Creativity, „Phi Delta Kappan”, 42(7), s. 305–310.
Rice V. (1985), Unrecognized Apple II Employees Exit, InfoWorld, https://books.google.pl/books?id=zC4EAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA35&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false, 22.03.2025.
Schlender B., Tetzeli R. (2015), Becoming Steve Jobs: The Evolution of a Reckless Upstart into a Visionary Leader, Crown Business, Nowy Jork.
Stangel L. (2017), Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak launches tech school, https://www.bizjournals.com/sanjose/news/2017/10/13/apple-steve-wozniak-launches-woz-u-tech-school.html, 10.01.2025.
Torrance E. P. (1974), Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking: Norms-Technical Manual, Ginn and Company, Lexington MA.
Viticci F. (2011), Woz: Putting Color In The Computer Was One Of The Biggest Things Apple Ever Did, https://www.macstories.net/news/woz-putting-color-in-the-computer-was-one-of-the-biggest-things-apple-ever-did/, 22.03.2025.
Williams G., Moore R. (1985), The Apple Story / Part 1: Early History, https://archive.org/details/byte-magazine-1984-12/page/n461/mode/2up?view=theater, 22.03.2025.
Wozniak S. (2025), About, http://www.woz.org/about/, 10.01.2025.
Wozniak S., Smith G. (2006), iWoz: From Computer Geek to Cult Icon: How I Invented the Personal Computer, Co-Founded Apple, and Had Fun Doing It, W. W. Norton & Company, Nowy Jork.
Szmidt K. (2008), Trening kreatywności. Podręcznik dla pedagogów, psychologów i trenerów grupowych, Wydawnictwo Helion, Gliwice.
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Jakub Jarosz
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.