Słowa kluczowe
konsensus europejski
konstytucjonalizm porównawczy
prawa człowieka
wartości Unii Europejskiej
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Abstrakt
Artykuł analizuje doktrynę europejskiego konsensusu jako narzędzie konstytucyjne w orzecznictwie ETPCz i TSUE, szczególnie w obszarach aksjologicznie wrażliwych. Autorka dowodzi, że konsensus służy nie tylko wykładni, ale wspiera miękką konwergencję norm między państwami członkowskimi. W artykule postawiono dwie hipotezy badawcze: że sądy ponadnarodowe wspierają ewolucję prawa krajowego poprzez konwergencję bez narzucania jednolitości oraz że konsensus europejski jednocześnie odzwierciedla i napędza rozwój konstytucyjny. Omówiono potencjał transformacyjny konsensusu, jego funkcję legitymizacyjną i ograniczenia: brak jasnych kryteriów, ryzyko uprzywilejowania większości, podatność na kontestację polityczną. Artykuł wskazuje, że skuteczność konsensusu zależy od kontekstualnej wrażliwości i transparentności jego stosowania. W warunkach narastających sporów o wartości w UE, doktryna pozostaje kluczowym, choć niedoskonałym, mechanizmem równoważenia integracji z pluralizmem.
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Licencja
Prawa autorskie (c) 2025 Małgorzata Puto
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