Słowa kluczowe
reforma sektora bezpieczeństwa
zarządzanie migracjami
egzekwowanie prawa
granice Unii Europejskiej
nadzór technologiczny
prawa człowieka
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Abstrakt
Artykuł ma na celu krytyczną ocenę sposobu, w jaki technologie oparte na sztucznej inteligencji (AI) przekształcają europejskie praktyki policyjne w zakresie ochrony granic oraz analizę, czy ich wdrażanie wymaga szerszych ram Reformy Sektora Bezpieczeństwa (SSR) w Unii Europejskiej (UE). W oparciu o jakościowe badanie prawa, obejmujące analizę doktrynalną i polityczno-prawną, artykuł analizuje, w jaki sposób systemy analityki predykcyjnej, nadzoru biometrycznego i automatycznej oceny ryzyka wpływają na działania organów ścigania wzdłuż kluczowych szlaków migracyjnych UE. Badanie opiera się na trzech hipotezach: po pierwsze, że integracja AI zwiększa efektywność zarządzania granicami, ale jednocześnie osłabia przejrzystość i odpowiedzialność instytucjonalną; po drugie, że algorytmiczne systemy decyzyjne nasilają ryzyko dyskryminacji i naruszeń praw człowieka; oraz po trzecie, że wdrożenie zasad SSR w zarządzaniu AI może ograniczyć te zagrożenia poprzez wzmocnienie nadzoru demokratycznego i odpowiedzialności instytucjonalnej. Łącząc innowacje technologiczne z ochroną praw podstawowych, artykuł wnosi wkład w debatę nad etycznym zarządzaniem i prawnymi ramami wdrażania sztucznej inteligencji w polityce granicznej UE.
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Licencja
Prawa autorskie (c) 2025 Carlos Imbrosio Filho
Utwór dostępny jest na licencji Creative Commons Uznanie autorstwa – Na tych samych warunkach 4.0 Miedzynarodowe.