The end of Françafrique? Emmanuel Macron’s policy towards African countries

Abstract

For centuries, France was present on the African continent, where, thanks to colonial policy, it was developing its empire. During colonial rule, Africa was seen by France more as an object than a subject of foreign policy. Yet, the events of the mid-twentieth century, which turned out to be the time of the emergence of modern, independent African states, brought about a huge change. The political processes taking place in the world at that time forced, first in the 4th and then in the 5th French Republic, a change in the perception of old estates, creating a partnership – though imperfect. Today, due to its greatest influence among all European Union countries in Africa, France can be considered the informal representative of the EU on this continent and the liaison in mutual relations. Hence, the position of Paris is of great importance to other European countries. However, decolonization opened the door for new non-EU players in the region, including Russia.

The aim of the article is an attempt to take stock of Emmanuel Macron’s presidency to date in the context of his policy towards Africa. The work focuses on the analysis of the achievements of the French leader in terms of creating political, social, and military relations in the region of Sub-Saharan Africa (operation “Serval” and “Barkhane”). Due to the current events in Ukraine, the problem of rivalry between France and Russia for influence in Africa was also presented.