THE LGBT COMMUNITY AS A STAKEHOLDER IN COMMUNICATING CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY: AN ANALYSIS OF SELECTED CASE STUDIES
pdf

Słowa kluczowe

corporate communication
corporate social responsibility
LGBT stakeholders

Jak cytować

Szyndlar, M., & Wąsikiewicz-Firlej, E. (2019). THE LGBT COMMUNITY AS A STAKEHOLDER IN COMMUNICATING CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY: AN ANALYSIS OF SELECTED CASE STUDIES. Scripta Neophilologica Posnaniensia, 19, 191–221. https://doi.org/10.14746/snp.2019.19.14

Abstrakt

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has become an indispensable element of corporate communication. Engagement in social initiatives enables companies to stabilise their positive image, present their values and communicate with stakeholders. Although in recent years the LGBT community has more and more frequently been the addressee of such corporate actions, this theme has rarely been explored by scholars. The present paper aims to investigate how corporate initiatives related to CSR are communicated to the LGBT community as one of the corporate stakeholders. Due to the scarcity of subsequent research, the current qualitative study is of an explorative character and has taken the form of a case study. Three brands renown for addressing the LGBT community, i.e. Ben and Jerry’s, Levi’s and Absolut Vodka, have been selected for the study, which analyses the relevant communication practices. The study primarily aims to specify the image of the LBGT community emerging from the campaigns analysed and to identify the communication channels and tools applied. Additionally, it also attempts to scrutinise the outcomes of these activities and their impact on corporate reputation as well as the perception of the LGBT community in a wider social context.

https://doi.org/10.14746/snp.2019.19.14
pdf

Bibliografia

Aaker, J.L., Brumbaugh, A.M. and S.A. Grier. 2000. “Non-target markets and viewer distinctiveness: The impact of target marketing on advertising attitudes”. Journal of Consumer Psychology 9.3. 1–15.

Angelini, J.R. and S.D. Bradley. 2010. “Homosexual imagery in print advertisement: Attended, remembered, but disliked”. Journal of Homosexuality 57.4. 485–502.

Anteby, M. and C. Anderson. 2014. “The shifting landscape of LGBT organizational research”. Research in Organizational Behavior 34. 3-25.

Aust, P.J. 2004. “Communicated values as indicators of organizational identity: a method for organizational assessment and its application in a case study”. Communication Studies 55. 515–534.

Balmer, J.M.T. and E.R. Gray. 2000. “Corporate identity and corporate communications: creating a competitive advantage”. Industrial and Commercial Training 32.7. 256–262.

Brown, A.D. and M. Humphreys. 2006. “Organizational identity and place: a discursive exploration of hegemony and resistance”. Journal of Management Studies 43. 231–257.

Cornelissen, J. 2004. Corporate communication: theory and practice. London: SAGE Publications Ltd.

Dӧrnyei, Z. 2007. Research methods in applied linguistics. New York: Oxford University Press.

Dutton, J.E., Dukerich, J.M. and C.V. Harquail. 1994. “Organizational images and member identification”. Administrative Science Quarterly 39.2. 239–263.

Fombrun, C.J. 1996. Reputation: Realizing value from the corporate image. Cambridge: Harvard Business School Press.

Freeman, R.E. 2004. “The stakeholder approach revisited”. Zeitschrift für Wirtschafts- und Unternehmensethik 5.3. 228–254.

Gray, E.R. and J.M.T. Balmer. 1998. “Managing corporate image and corporate reputation.” Long Range Planning 31.5. 695–702.

Gray, R., Owen, D. and K. Maunders. 1987. Corporate social reporting: accounting and accountability. Hemel Hempstead: Prentice Hall.

Gross, L. 2001. Up from invisibility: lesbians, gay men, and the media in America. New York: Columbia University Press.

Han, X. and S.W. Tsai. 2015. “Beyond targeted advertising: representing disenfranchised minorities in ‘inclusive’ advertising”. Journal of Cultural Marketing Strategy 1.2. 154–169.

Hart, N.A. 1995. Effective corporate relations. Maidenhead: McGraw-Hill.

Hoffman, M.F. and D.J. Ford. 2010. Organizational rhetoric. Los Angeles: SAGE Publications, Inc.

Kenny, K., Whittle, A. and H. Willmort. 2011. Understanding identity and organizations. London: Sage Publications Ltd.

Löwensberg, D. 2006. “Corporate image, reputation and identity”. In: Tench, R. and L. Yeomans (eds). 251–264.

Murphy, P.E., Ӧberseder, M. and G.R. Laczniak. 2013. “Corporate social responsibility in marketing: normatively broadening the concept”. AMS Rev 3. 86–102.

Pichler, S., Blazovich, J.L., Cook, K.A., Huston, J.M. and W.R. Strawser. 2018. “Do LGBT-supportive corporate policies enhance firm performance?” Human Resources Management 57.1. 263–278.

Puppel, S. 2016. “Kuźnia Hefajstosa czyli krótki zarys teorii wizerunku w komunikacji ludzkiej”. Scripta Neophilologica Posnaniensia XVI. 109–124.

Ragins, B.R. 2004. “Sexual orientation in the workplace: the unique work and career experiences of gay, lesbian and bisexual workers.” In: Martocchio, J.J. (ed.). 35–120.

Tench, R. 2006a. “Community and society: corporate social responsibility (CSR)”. In: Tench, R. and L. Yeomans (eds). 94–111.

Tench, R. 2006b. “Managing community involvement programs”. In: Tench, R. and L. Yeomans (eds). 354–375.

Tench, R. and L. Yeomans (eds). 2006. Exploring public relations. Harlow: Pearson Education Limited.

Van Riel, C.B.M. 1995. Principles of corporate communication. London and New York: Prentice Hall.

Van Riel, C.B.M. and C.J. Fombrun. 2007. Essentials of corporate communication. Implementing practices for effective reputation management. London and New York: Routledge.

Wąsikiewicz-Firlej, E. 2017. On (de)constructing corporate identity. An ecolinguistic approach. Poznań: Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM.

Internet sources:

IS1 https://www.icig.org.uk/the-strathclyde-statement/ (Retrieved on: 01.12.2018).

IS2 https://causemarketing.com/case-study/burger-king-proud-whopper/

IS3 https://bcorporation.net/about-b-corps

IS4 https://www.benjerry.com/

IS5 https://www.benjerry.com/values/how-we-do-business

IS6 https://benandjerrysfoundation.org/grantees/

IS7 https://www.benjerry.com/values/issues-we-care-about/marriage-equality

IS8 https://www.benjerry.pl/

IS9 https://www.benjerry.pl/blog/together-we-resist

IS10 https://www.unilever.com/sustainable-living/

IS11 https://www.unilever.com/sustainable-living/enhancing-livelihoods/

IS12 https://www.benjerry.com/whats-new/2019/03/transgender-day-of-visibility

IS13 https://www.benjerry.com/whats-new/2016/lgbtq-proposed-laws

IS 14 https://www.benjerry.com/whats-new/2017/09/trump-lgbtq-rights

IS15 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IPuLOEclL8Q&list=PLod_QHR_SXj0jKRQsOxqvA5hvNMMh97S&index=1

IS16 https://twitter.com/benandjerrys/status/1112384394885505024

IS17 https://www.facebook.com/benandjerryspl/photos/fpp.617415201770947/953649321480865/?type=3&theater

IS18 https://www.benjerry.com/about-us/jobs

IS19 https://www.unilever.com/careers/why-work-for-unilever/

IS20 https://thinkprogress.org/ben-and-jerrys-celebrates-marriage-equality-with-i-dough-i-dough-icecream-b44c813db684/

IS21 https://munchies.vice.com/en_us/article/paenz9/ben-and-jerrys-tries-to-fight-for-lgbt-rights-withstrange-ice-cream-rule

IS22 https://www.lifesitenews.com/news/love-comes-in-all-flavors-ben-jerrys-latest-push-for-gay-marriage-is-the-we

IS23 https://www.thedrum.com/news/2018/11/07/activism-and-ice-cream-how-ben-jerry-s-balances-social-causes-with-humour#

IS24 http://www.proto.pl/aktualnosci/ben-jerrys-przywrocilo-tecze-na-plac-zbawiciela

IS25 http://warszawa.wyborcza.pl/warszawa/7,54420,24452430,jednoplciowy-polonez-na-studniowceby-wesprzec-osoby-lgbt.html

IS26 https://www.levistrauss.com/who-we-are/company/?ab=aboutusLP_values_031918

IS27 https://www.levistrauss.com/

IS28 https://www.levi.com/US/en_US/features/sustainability

IS29 https://www.levistrauss.com/values-in-action/social-impact/people/

IS30 https://www.levistrauss.com/values-in-action/social-impact/profits/

IS31 https://www.levistrauss.com/2015/02/12/love-in-levis-our-commitment-to-marriage-equality/

IS32 levistrauss.com/unzipped-blog/2016/06/10/moving-forward-with-pride/

IS33 https://www.levistrauss.com/values-in-action/levi-strauss-foundation/

IS34 https://www.levistrauss.com/2015/12/01/from-pandemic-to-progress-world-aids-day-2015/

IS35 https://www.levistrauss.com/work-with-us/life-at-lsco/diversity-inclusion/

IS36 https://www.levistrauss.com/2019/03/28/lsco-earns-another-perfect-score-hrcs-corporate-equality-index/

IS37 levistrauss.com/unzipped-blog/2016/06/10/moving-forward-with-pride/

IS38 https://www.levistrauss.com/2018/10/11/celebrating-coming-day-no-matter/

IS39 https://www.facebook.com/Levis/

IS40 https://twitter.com/LEVIS

IS41 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vw-8wie7trI&list=PLv2owRmD8gH_s96uVz6ere1TBpwKyVBMD

IS42 https://www.out.com/fashion/truman-says/2014/06/05/daily-crush-levis-pride-2014-collection

IS43 https://www.levistrauss.com/2015/06/08/the-story-behind-the-levis-x-stonewall-pride-collection-2015/

IS44 https://www.levistrauss.com/2016/05/23/the-story-behind-the-levis-x-harvey-milk-foundation-pride-collection-2016/

IS45 https://www.levistrauss.com/2017/05/25/worn-with-pride/

IS46 https://www.levi.com/US/en_US/blog/article/levis-2018-pride-collection/

IS47 https://www.pinknews.co.uk/2017/07/01/levis-celebrates-world-pride-with-prideful-new-2017-collection-and-lgbt-events/

IS48 https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-44500638 1/12

IS49 https://www.nytimes.com/2018/06/19/business/gay-pride-merchandise-retailers.html

IS50 http://www.theabsolutcompany.com/the-absolut-company/

IS51 https://www.absolut.com/en/news/articles/one-source-story/

IS52 https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=130&v=02e9klKUN0Y

IS53 https://www.absolut.com/en/products/absolut-rainbow/

IS54 https://www.absolut.com/pl/press/absolut-rainbow-edition/

IS55 https://www.absolut.com/pl/press/absolut-equal-love/

IS56 https://www.absolut.com/pl/press/absolut-drop/

IS57 https://www.absolut.com/de/news/articles/pride-2018/

IS58 https://www.absolut.com/uk/news/articles/kiss-with-pride/#more-images

IS59 http://www.theabsolutcompany.com/who-we-are/#

IS60 https://www.pernod-ricard.com/en/sr/

IS61 https://twitter.com/absolutvodka/status/1112299913143029760

IS62 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9lLKQ8A5660

IS63 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JAGdLOlObAg

IS64 https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=53&v=YgHCzV2FrSM

IS65 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dPwgT6G3TZw

IS66 https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/pernod-ricard-usa-earns-top-marks-in-2018-corporate-equality-index-300553445.html

IS67 https://www.washingtonblade.com/2011/12/22/absolut-celebrates-30-years-of-gay-ads/ 1/

IS68 https://www.thespiritsbusiness.com/2011/11/absolut%E2%80%99s-outrageous-party/

IS69 www.adrespect.org/common/adlibrary/adprintdetails.cfm?QID=1286&ClientID=11064

IS70 https://www.absolut.com/us/press/limited-editions/absolut-no-label/

IS71 marketingtherainbow.info/case studies/absolut.html

IS72 http://www.adrespect.org/common/adlibrary/adPrintdetails.cfm?QID=609&clientID=11064

IS73 http://www.adrespect.org/common/adlibrary/adPrintdetails.cfm?QID=1276&clientID=11064

IS74 http://www.adrespect.org/common/adlibrary/adprintdetails.cfm?QID=526&ClientID=11064

IS75 https://mediadecoder.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/01/18/sponsorship-of-this-series-is-no-drag/

IS76 https://www.glaad.org/releases/glaad-and-absolut-vodka-celebrate-20-years-partnership