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europejska skrajna prawica
populizm
AfD
Fidesz
La Lega Nord
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Abstrakt
Celem artykułu jest zbadanie relacji między Trumpizmem a skrajnie prawicowymi partiami politycznymi w Europie. Połączenie wspólnych rdzeni ideologicznych i konfrontacji z podobnymi „wrogami” doprowadziło do powstania niespotykanej dotąd relacji, w której Trump odgrywa rolę „międzynarodowego ojca chrzestnego” i inspiratora europejskiej skrajnej prawicy. W celu zbadania tej relacji praca skupia się na odniesieniach do aktywności Donalda Trumpa, jego polityki i wypowiedzi w latach 2016–2020 w dyskursie Alternative für Deutschland (AfD), Węgierskiej Partii Obywatelskiej (Fidesz) i Lega Nord (Lega). Analiza dyskursu trzech partii w zakresie bezpieczeństwa, imigracji, polityki zagranicznej i korupcji pokazuje, że partie te wykorzystały Trumpizm jako inspirację w trzech aspektach. Po pierwsze, użyły go do normalizacji wcześniej istniejących skrajnie prawicowych ideologii i praktyk w kontekście narodowym i europejskim. Po drugie, naśladowali dyskurs Trumpa i jego polityki do zwiększenia jego popularności i wsparcia własnych dążeń narodowościowych. Po trzecie, wykorzystali walkę i idee Trumpa do uzasadnienia narodowych metod, wierzeń, krytyk i celów politycznych. W związku z tym artykuł ma ustalić główne motywy do wykorzystania Trumpizmu przez europejską skrajną prawicę do ustanowienia podwalin dla przyszłych analiz krytycznych i lepszego zrozumienia tej niespotykanej relacji.
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