Abstract
The timely relevance of the issues examined here is evidenced by the extreme importance of the problems of the humanities, which are the subject of Ukrainian studies in the context of the full-scale Russian-Ukrainian war. After all, today, in the light of the ‘new experience’ of the era, it is apt to reinterpret the worldview and behavioural responses to the emerging evil taking the form of blatant imperial aggression. Consequently, literary discourses are revised, along with the artistic and existential potential of heroes/anti-heroes, while the masks of hitherto-tolerated writers and cultural figures are ‘torn off ’. The socio-anthropological dimension of culture as an antithesis of ‘worldly evil’ is thus explored from the point of view of literary and philosophical anthropology, with an emphasis on the specific role of national culture: it must clearly formulate its own values and defend them, sending clear signals of its active presence in the world. The author explores current spirituality, how modern history has ‘challenged the notion of the relativity of evil’ (according to Serhiy Krymsky), and the limits of humanism and tolerance. It is concluded that the current Russian-Ukrainian war has led to a revision of the idealistic notions of Ukrainian philosophy and literature in the context of the 21st century.
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