Abstract
The article deals with the analysis of functioning of the immortality motif in L. Horlach’s poetic novels (Mamay, Ruin, Open Field, Askold’s Finger, Slavic Island). Based on the works of P. Bargar, A. Veselovskij, I. Dziuba, J. Morgan, I. Silantev and S. Thompson, the scecific nature of the motif as a literary element is presented. The relevance of the study is determined by the mythological origin of the invariant motif of immortality, its unique role in Ukrainian (and world-wide) culture and the lack of studies on this topic, all based on L. Horlach’s works. This paper shows the writer’s use of pagan and Christian traditions in describing the afterlife, the understanding of immortality as a feature of a deity or as a reward and punishment for people. The motif of immortality is also connected to the concept of memory, fame and the contribution of personalities to the common goal. The motif is analyzed using mythologies, symbols and allegories (the thread of Moirai, fire, garden, bee).
References
Veselovskij A., Istoricheskaja pojetika [Historical poetics], Moskva: Vysshaja shkola, 1989.
Garmash L., Teorija motiva v literaturovedenii [The theory of motif in literary criticism], [v:] „Naukovi zapysky Kharkivskoho natsionalnoho pedahohichnoho universytetu im. H.S. Skovorody. Seriia: Literaturoznavstvo”, 2014, vyp. 1(2), s. 10–22.
Dziuba I., Slava [Glory], [v:] Дзюба І., „Istoriia ukrainskoi literatury u dvanadtsiaty tomakh”, t. 4: „Taras Shevchenko”, Kyiv: Naukova dumka, 2014, s. 655–675.
Zholkovskij A., Shheglov Ju., Raboty po pojetike vyrazitelnosti: Invarianty – Tema – Priemy –Tekst [Studies in a poetics of expressiveness: Invariants – Theme – Device – Text], Moskva: Progress, 1996.
Karasik V., Sjuzhetnyj motiv „bessmertie”: narrativnoe izmerenie koncepta [The subject matter motif „Immortality”:a narrative dimension of the concept], [v:] „Sibirskij filologicheskij zhurnal”, 2017, nr 4, s. 149–162.
Makovskij M., Sravnitelnyj slovar mifologicheskoj simvoliki v indoevropejskih jazykah: Obraz mira i miry obrazov [Comparative dictionary of mythological symbols in Indo-European languages: The image of the world and the worlds of images], Moskva: VLADOS, 1996.
Protopopova A., Protopopov I., Sjuzhet o sotvorenii ljudej v mife o Prometee u Fulgencija [Creation myth and the Prometheus myth in Fulgentius], [v:] „Studia Litterarum”, 2019, t. 4, nr 4, s. 44–57.
Silantev I. , Pojetika motiva (Jazyk. Semiotika. Kultura) [Poetics of Motive (Language. Semiotics. Culture)], Moskva: Jazyki slavjanskoj kultury, 2004.
Slovnyk symvoliv [Dictionary of symbols], red. O. Potapenka, K. Dmytrenka, Kyiv: Redaktsiia chasopysu „Narodoznavstvo”, 1997.
Tymchenko A., Motyvna struktura poezii Volodymyra Svidzinskoho [The motif structure of Volodymyr Svidzinskyj’s poems], avtoref. … kand. filol. nauk, Kharkiv, 2010.
Tomashevskij B., Teorija literatury. Pojetika [Theory of Literature. Poetics], Moskva: Aspekt Press, 1999.
Fedko O., Kulturosofski motyvy u romanistytsi Leonida Horlacha: osoblyvosti funktsionuvannia [The cultorosophical motifs in Leonid Horlach’s novels: the specificity of functioning], dysertatsiia … kand. filol. nauk, Zaporizhzhia, 2018.
Shklovskij V., O teorii prozy [Theory of Prose], Moskva: Federacija, 1929.
Yakymynska L., Osoblyvosti mentalitetu ukrainskoho kozatstva [Features of the mentality of the Ukrainian Cossacks], [v:] „Intelihentsiia i vlada”, 2006, vyp. 8, s. 93–97.
Bargar P., Mythical Motifs in Literary Works: M. Bulgakov’s „Master and Margarita” and G. Orwell’s „1984”, [v:] „Communio Viatorum”, 2009, LI (1), p. 55–88.
Dmitriev K., Glory and immortality: the motif of monumentum aere perennius by Samawʾal b. ʿĀdiyāʾ, [v:] „Religious Culture in Late Antique Arabia”, 2017, p.105–121.
Januszkiewicz M., Znak i interpretacja. Czy możliwa jest semiotyka hermeneutyczna? [Sign and interpretation. Is hermeneutical semiotics possible?], [v:] „Przestrzenie Teorii”, 2017, 28, s. 129–138.
Maina O.M., Exploring the motifs of death and immortality, [v:] „Journal of Language Technology & Entrepreneurship in Africa”, 2009, vol. 1, iss. 2, p. 187–197.
Morgan J., How do motifs endure and perform? Motif theory for the study of biblical narratives, [v:] „ Revue Biblique, 2015, vol. 122, nr 2, p. 194–216.
Thompson S., Motif-Index of Folk-Literature: A Classification of Narrative Elements in Folktales, Ballads, Myths, Fables, Medieval Romances, Exempla, Fabliaux, Jest-Books, and Local Legends, Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1955–1958, vol. I–VI.
Horlach L., Mamai. Mazepa [Mamay. Mazepa], Kyiv: Yaroslaviv Val, 2010.
Horlach L., Ruina [Ruin], Kyiv: Biblioteka ukraintsia, 2004.
Horlach L., Slovianskyi ostriv [Slavic Island], Kyiv: Dnipro, 2008.
License
- The Author hereby warrants that he/she is the owner of all the copyright and other intellectual property rights in the Work and that, within the scope of the present Agreement, the paper does not infringe the legal rights of another person.The owner of the copyright work also warrants that he/she is the sole and original creator thereof and that is not bound by any legal constraints in regard to the use or sale of the work.
- The Author grants the Purchaser non-exclusive and free of charge license to unlimited use worldwide over an unspecified period of time in the following areas of exploitation:
2.1. production of multiple copies of the Work produced according to the specific application of a given technology, including printing, reproduction of graphics through mechanical or electrical means (reprography) and digital technology;
2.2. marketing authorisation, loan or lease of the original or copies thereof;
2.3. public performance, public performance in the broadcast, video screening, media enhancements as well as broadcasting and rebroadcasting, made available to the public in such a way that members of the public may access the Work from a place and at a time individually chosen by them;
2.4. inclusion of the Work into a collective work (i.e. with a number of contributions);
2.5. inclusion of the Work in the electronic version to be offered on an electronic platform, or any other conceivable introduction of the Work in its electronic version to the Internet;
2.6. dissemination of electronic versions of the Work in its electronic version online, in a collective work or independently;
2.7. making the Work in the electronic version available to the public in such a way that members of the public may access the Work from a place and at a time individually chosen by them, in particular by making it accessible via the Internet, Intranet, Extranet;
2.8. making the Work available according to appropriate license pattern Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) as well as another language version of this license or any later version published by Creative Commons. - The Author grants the Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan permission to:
3.1. reproduce a single copy (print or download) and royalty-free use and disposal of rights to compilations of the Work and these compilations.
3.2. send metadata files related to the Work, including to commercial and non-commercial journal-indexing databases. - The Author declares that, on the basis of the license granted in the present Agreement, the Purchaser is entitled and obliged to allow third parties to obtain further licenses (sublicenses) to the Work and to other materials, including derivatives thereof or compilations made based on or including the Work, whereas the provisions of such sub-licenses will be the same as with the attributed license pattern Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)or another language version of this license, or any later version of this license published by Creative Commons. Thereby, the Author entitles all interested parties to use the work, for non-commercial purposes only, under the following conditions:
4.1. acknowledgment of authorship, i.e. observing the obligation to provide, along with the distributed work, information about the author, title, source (link to the original Work, DOI) and of the license itself.
4.2. the derivatives of the Work are subject to the same conditions, i.e. they may be published only based on a licence which would be identical to the one granting access to the original Work. - The University of Adam Mickiewicz in Poznań is obliged to
5.1. make the Work available to the public in such a way that members of the public may access the Work from a place and at a time individually chosen by them, without any technological constraints;
5.2. appropriately inform members of the public to whom the Work is to be made available about sublicenses in such a way as to ensure that all parties are properly informed (appropriate informing messages).
Other provisions
- The University of Adam Mickiewicz in Poznań hereby preserves the copyright to the journal as a whole (layout/stylesheet, graphics, cover design, logo etc.)