Abstract
The aim of the article is to describe, on the basis of historiography, the evolution of main Vlach settlements located in the Olympus and Vermio regions. All they were created as the results of migrations of the population from the Pindos area at the turn of the 18th and 19th century. The culmination of these movements fell on the second part of the 18th (Olympus) and the first part of the 19th century (Vermio). During the following decades the Vlach enclaves, such as Livadi, Kato Vermio or Xirolivado experienced a gradual fragmentarisation. Although the part of the population continued traditional forms of economic activity and kept in contact with its „native” settlements from the Pindos area, the majority became assimilated with the local Greek population. Vlachs supplied Greek-speaking communities in Veroia, Naoussa, Katerini, abandoned the transhumant economy, traditional dialects and migrated to Romania.
Funding
NPRH, Wołosi w europejskiej i polskiej przestrzeni kulturowej. Migracje – osadnictwo – dziedzictwo kulturowe (0604/NPRH3/H12/82/2014)
References
Adamou I. - Raptīs G., To Livadi Olympou ston Makedoniko Agōna, Katerinī 1993 [Αδάμου Ι. - Ράπτης Γ., Το Λιβάδι Ολύμπου στον Μακεδονικό Αγώνα, Κατερίνη 1993].
Cusa N., Aromânii (macedonenii) in Romania, Constanța 1996.
Czamańska I., The Vlachs - several research problems, "Balcanica Posnaniensia Acta Et Studia" 2015, t. 22, nr 1, s. 7-16. https://doi.org/10.14746/bp.2015.22.1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.14746/bp.2015.22.1
Gkoumas E., Livadi (geōgrafikī, istorikī, laografikī episkopīsis), Livadi 1973 [Γκούμας E., Λιβάδι (γεωγραφική, ιστορική, λαογραφική επισκόπησις), Λιβάδι 1973].
Hãciu A. N., AROMÂNII: comerţ, industrie, arte, expansiune, civilizaţie focşani, 1936.
Koemtzopoulos K., Oi Lazaioi tou Olympou kai apogonoi, Athīna-Ioannina 1994 [Κοεμτζόπουλος Κ., Οι Λαζαίοι του Ολύμπου και απόγονοι, Αθήνα-Ιωάννινα 1994].
Kōfos E., O antartīs episkopos Kitrous Nikolaos, Athīna-Giannina 1992 [Κωφός Ε., Ο αντάρτης επίσκοπος Κίτρους Νικόλαος, Αθήνα-Γιάννινα 1992].
Koukoudīs A. I., Oi Olympioi Vlachoi kai ta Vlachomoglena, Thessalonikī 2001 [Κουκούδης A. I., Οι Ολύμπιοι Βλάχοι και τα Βλαχομογλενά, Θεσσαλονίκη 2001].
Koukoudīs A. I., Oi Vergianoi Vlachoi kai oi Arvanitovlachoi tīs Kentrikīs Makedonias, Thessalonikī 2001 [Κουκούδης A. I., Οι Βεργιάνοι Βλάχοι και οι Αρβανιτόβλάχοι της Κεντρικής Μακεδονίας, Θεσσαλονίκη 2001].
Krystallīs K., Oi Vlachoi tīs Pindou, Athīna 1959 [Κρυστάλλης K., Οι Βλάχοι της Πίνδου, Αθήνα 1959].
Liakos S., Ī Katagōgī tōn Armoniōn (toupiklīn Vlahōn), Thessalonikī 1965 [Λιάκος Σ., Η καταγωγή των Αρμονίων (τουπίκλην Βλάχων), Θεσσαλονίκη 1965].
Nikolaïdou E., Ī Roumanikī propaganda sto Vilaeti Iōanninōn kai sta vlachochōria tīs Pindou, t. 1 (mesa 19ou-1900), Iōannina 1993 [Ε. Νικολαϊδου, Η Ρουμανική προπαγάνδα στο Βιλαέτι Ιωαννίνων και στα Βλαχοχώρια της Πίνδου, Τόμος Α΄(μέσα 19ου-1900), Ιωάννινα 1993].
Paszkiewicz J., Regres osadnictwa wołoskiego w Pindosie w dobie przemian społeczno-politycznych w Turcji osmańskiej w XVIII i XIX wieku, "Balcanica Posnaniensia Acta Et Studia" 2021, t. 28, nr 2, s. 207-228. https://doi.org/10.14746/bp.2021.28.28 DOI: https://doi.org/10.14746/bp.2021.28.28
Shinas N. Th., Odoiporikai sīmeiōseis Makedonias, Īpeirou, neas orothetikīs grammīs kai Thessalias, Athīna 1887, t. 1 [Σχινάς Ν. Θ., Οδοιπορικαί σημειώσεις Μακεδονίας, Ηπείρου, νέας οροθετικής γραμμής και Θεσσαλίας, Τόμος 1, Αθήνα 1887].
Stougiannakis E., Istoria tīs Naousas apo tīs idryseōs mehri tīn epanastasī tou 1822, Thessalonikī 1976 [Στουγιαννάκης E., Ιστορία της Νάουσας από της ιδρύσεως μέχρι την επανάσταση του 1822, Θεσσσαλονίκη 1976].
Thompson M. S., Wace A. J. B., Oi Nomades tōn Valkaniōn. Perigrafī tīs zōis kai tōn ethimōn tōn Vlachōn tis Voreias Pindou, Thessalonikī 1989 [Thompson M. S., Wace A. J. B., Oι Νομάδες των Βαλκανίων, Περιγραφή της ζωής και των εθίμων των Βλάχων της Βόρειας Πίνδου, Θεσσαλονίκη 1989].
Vakalopoulos K. A., Istoria tīs Makedonias 1354-1833, Thessalonikī 1989 [Βακαλόπουλος A., Ιστορία της Μακεδονίας 1354-1833, Θεσσαλονίκη 1989].
Vakalopoulos K. A., O Voreios Ellīnismos kata tīn prōimī fasī tou Makedonikou agōna (1878-1894), Thessalonikī 1983 [Βακαλόπουλος K. A., Ο Βόρειος Ελληνισμός κατά την πρώιμη φάση του Μακεδονικού αγώνα (1878-1894), Θεσσαλονίκη 1983]. https://doi.org/10.12681/makedonika.349 DOI: https://doi.org/10.12681/makedonika.349
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Jędrzej Paszkiewicz
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
- The Author hereby warrants that he/she is the owner of all the copyright and other intellectual property rights in the Work and that, within the scope of the present Agreement, the paper does not infringe the legal rights of another person.The owner of the copyright work also warrants that he/she is the sole and original creator thereof and that is not bound by any legal constraints in regard to the use or sale of the work.
- The Author grants the Purchaser non-exclusive and free of charge license to unlimited use worldwide over an unspecified period of time in the following areas of exploitation:
2.1. production of multiple copies of the Work produced according to the specific application of a given technology, including printing, reproduction of graphics through mechanical or electrical means (reprography) and digital technology;
2.2. marketing authorisation, loan or lease of the original or copies thereof;
2.3. public performance, public performance in the broadcast, video screening, media enhancements as well as broadcasting and rebroadcasting, made available to the public in such a way that members of the public may access the Work from a place and at a time individually chosen by them;
2.4. inclusion of the Work into a collective work (i.e. with a number of contributions);
2.5. inclusion of the Work in the electronic version to be offered on an electronic platform, or any other conceivable introduction of the Work in its electronic version to the Internet;
2.6. dissemination of electronic versions of the Work in its electronic version online, in a collective work or independently;
2.7. making the Work in the electronic version available to the public in such a way that members of the public may access the Work from a place and at a time individually chosen by them, in particular by making it accessible via the Internet, Intranet, Extranet;
2.8. making the Work available according to appropriate license pattern Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-ND 4.0) as well as another language version of this license or any later version published by Creative Commons. - The Author grants the Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan permission to:
3.1. reproduce a single copy (print or download) and royalty-free use and disposal of rights to compilations of the Work and these compilations.
3.2. send metadata files related to the Work, including to commercial and non-commercial journal-indexing databases. - The Author declares that, on the basis of the license granted in the present Agreement, the Purchaser is entitled and obliged to allow third parties to obtain further licenses (sublicenses) to the Work and to other materials, including derivatives thereof or compilations made based on or including the Work, whereas the provisions of such sub-licenses will be the same as with the attributed license pattern Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-ND 4.0) or another language version of this license, or any later version of this license published by Creative Commons. Thereby, the Author entitles all interested parties to use the work, for non-commercial purposes only, under the following conditions:
4.1. acknowledgment of authorship, i.e. observing the obligation to provide, along with the distributed work, information about the author, title, source (link to the original Work, DOI) and of the license itself.
4.2. the derivatives of the Work are subject to the same conditions, i.e. they may be published only based on a licence which would be identical to the one granting access to the original Work. - The University of Adam Mickiewicz in Poznań is obliged to
5.1. make the Work available to the public in such a way that members of the public may access the Work from a place and at a time individually chosen by them, without any technological constraints;
5.2. appropriately inform members of the public to whom the Work is to be made available about sublicenses in such a way as to ensure that all parties are properly informed (appropriate informing messages).
Other provisions
- The University of Adam Mickiewicz in Poznań hereby preserves the copyright to the journal as a whole (layout/stylesheet, graphics, cover design, logo etc.)