Abstract
Contemporary historians agree that the father of grand prince Stephen Nemanja was Zavida. This opinion is based on the comparison of genealogical data from different sources. The data, however, is not as unequivocal as it is supposed to be. The close analysis of the account of Ansbert, the chronicler of the third crusade, suggests a different understanding of some of the data. It should be admitted that the discussion concerning the identity of Nemanja’s father was closed too early. The seals of Nemanja and his brother Stracimir prove beyond doubt that both brothers had the same name Stephen. Most probably they inherited the same names from their father. Even though already at the end of 1980s Jan Leśny in one of his works mentioned this fact, it still has not been properly explored in historiography. However, this observation lets us assume that Nemanja’s father could be Stephen Vukan, known only from reference made by Anna Komnene. Such a filiation has been already presented but on the basis of wrong premises. Now it receives a deserved recognition.
References
Anđelić Pavao, Pečat humskoga kneza Miroslava, „Glasnik Zemaljskog muzeja Bosne i Hercegovine”, t. 20, 1965, s. 277-280.
Boroń Piotr, Kniaziowie, królowie, carowie... Tytuły i nazwy władców słowiańskich we wczesnym średniowieczu, Katowice 2010.
Fine Jr John, The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest, Ann Arbor 1994.
Gil Dorota, Prawosławie, historia, naród: Miejsce kultury duchowej w serbskiej tradycji i współczesności,Kraków 2005.
Jireček Constantin, Geschichte der Serben, t. 1: Bis 1371., Gotha 1911.
Leśny Jan, Stefan Zawida syn Urosza I ojcem Stefana Nemani, „Roczniki Historyczne”, t. 54, 1988, s. 63-75.
Leśny Jan, Studia nad początkami serbskiej monarchii Nemaniczów: (połowa XI – koniec XII wieku), Wrocław 1989.
Szefliński Błażej, Chronologia życia Stefana Nemanji: próba uporządkowania, „Roczniki Historyczne”, t. 80, 2014, s. 95-110.
Анастасијевић Драгутин, Отац Немањин, Београд 1914.
Андрејић Живојин, Тихомири, Уроши, Вукани, Мирослави, Завиде и Немање, или о пореклу жупана Стефана Немање, „Новопазарски зборник”, t. 26, 2002, s. 37-84.
Благојевић Милош, Медаковић Дејан, Историја српске државности, књ. 1: Од настанка првих држава до почетка српске националне револуције, Нови Сад 2000.
Гај-Поповић Добрила, Печат Стефана Немање, „Нумизматичар“, t. 2, 1979, s. 119-129.
Гај-Поповић Добрила, Печат Стефана Страцимира, „Нумизматичар“, t. 6, 1983, s. 131-133.
Грковић Милица, О пореклу Стефана Немање, w: Осам векова Студенице: зборник радова, Београд 1986, s. 43-47.
Зарковић Божидар, Печати Стефана Немање, „Баштина”, t. 13, 2002, s. 245-254.
Живковић Тибор, Синови Завидини, „Зборник Матице српске за историју“, t. 73, 2006, s. 7-25.
Ковачевић Љубомир, Неколико питања о Стефану Немањи, „Глас Српске краљевске академије”, t. 58, 1900, s. 1-107.
Мандић Светислав, Велика господа све српске земље и други просопографски прилози, Београд 1986.
Мандић Светислав, Црте и резе: фрагменти старог именика, Београд 1981.
Марјановић-Душанић Смиља, Владарска идеологија Неманића: Дипломатичка студија, Београд 1997.
Марјановић-Душанић Смиља, Владарски знаци Стефана Немање, w: Стефан Немања – Свети Симеон Мироточиви. Историја и предање, уред. Јованка Калић, Београд 2000, s. 77-87. Марковић Миодраг, О ктиторском натпису кнеза Мирослава у цркви Светог Петра на Лиму, „Зограф”, t. 36, 2012, s. 21-46.
Мишић Синиша, Хумска земља у средњем веку, Београд 1996.
Пириватрић Срђан, Манојло I Комнин, „царски сан“ и „самодршци области српског престола“, „Зборник радова Византолошког института“, t. 48, 2011, s. 89-118.
Пириватрић Срђан, О Стефану Првославу, ктитору цркве Светог Георгија у Будимљи, w: Ђурђеви ступови и Будимљанска епархија: зборник радова, уред. Милан Радујко, Беране–Београд 2011, s. 53-67.
Равић Ивана, Писмо барског епископа Гргура сплитском канонику Гвалтерију: прилог датирању Немањиног напада на градове у Дукљи, „Стари српски архив”, t. 10, 2011, s. 183-190.
Радојичић Ђорђе Сп., Завида, отац хумског кнеза Мирослава, „Јужнословенски филолог“, t. 23, 1958, nr 1-4, s. 255-261.
Радојичић Ђорђе Сп., Немања и његови синови Стефан и Сава, творци српске феудалне државе, „Летопис Матице Српске“, t. 390, 1962, nr 2-3, s. 208-215.
Радојковић Борислав, Хронологија живота и владања Стевана Немање, „Глас Српске академије наука“, t. 203, 1951, s. 107-151.
Радојковић Борислав, Политички положај Кнежевине захумске у време владе рашког великог жупана Стевана Немање, „Историјски записи“, t. 17, 1960, nr 1, s. 21-37.
Спасић Душан, Палавестра Александар, Мрђеновић Душан, Родословне таблице и грбови српских династија и властеле, Београд 1987.
Станојевић Станоје, О Немањином оцу, „Старинар“, t. 5, 1925, s. 3-6.
Филиповић Миленко С., Слава, служба или крсно име у писаним изворима до краја 18. века, w: О крсном имену: зборник, уред. Светлана Велмар-Јанковић, Београд 1985, s. 151-192.
License
- The Author hereby warrants that he/she is the owner of all the copyright and other intellectual property rights in the Work and that, within the scope of the present Agreement, the paper does not infringe the legal rights of another person.The owner of the copyright work also warrants that he/she is the sole and original creator thereof and that is not bound by any legal constraints in regard to the use or sale of the work.
- The Author grants the Purchaser non-exclusive and free of charge license to unlimited use worldwide over an unspecified period of time in the following areas of exploitation:
2.1. production of multiple copies of the Work produced according to the specific application of a given technology, including printing, reproduction of graphics through mechanical or electrical means (reprography) and digital technology;
2.2. marketing authorisation, loan or lease of the original or copies thereof;
2.3. public performance, public performance in the broadcast, video screening, media enhancements as well as broadcasting and rebroadcasting, made available to the public in such a way that members of the public may access the Work from a place and at a time individually chosen by them;
2.4. inclusion of the Work into a collective work (i.e. with a number of contributions);
2.5. inclusion of the Work in the electronic version to be offered on an electronic platform, or any other conceivable introduction of the Work in its electronic version to the Internet;
2.6. dissemination of electronic versions of the Work in its electronic version online, in a collective work or independently;
2.7. making the Work in the electronic version available to the public in such a way that members of the public may access the Work from a place and at a time individually chosen by them, in particular by making it accessible via the Internet, Intranet, Extranet;
2.8. making the Work available according to appropriate license pattern Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-ND 4.0) as well as another language version of this license or any later version published by Creative Commons. - The Author grants the Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan permission to:
3.1. reproduce a single copy (print or download) and royalty-free use and disposal of rights to compilations of the Work and these compilations.
3.2. send metadata files related to the Work, including to commercial and non-commercial journal-indexing databases. - The Author declares that, on the basis of the license granted in the present Agreement, the Purchaser is entitled and obliged to allow third parties to obtain further licenses (sublicenses) to the Work and to other materials, including derivatives thereof or compilations made based on or including the Work, whereas the provisions of such sub-licenses will be the same as with the attributed license pattern Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-ND 4.0) or another language version of this license, or any later version of this license published by Creative Commons. Thereby, the Author entitles all interested parties to use the work, for non-commercial purposes only, under the following conditions:
4.1. acknowledgment of authorship, i.e. observing the obligation to provide, along with the distributed work, information about the author, title, source (link to the original Work, DOI) and of the license itself.
4.2. the derivatives of the Work are subject to the same conditions, i.e. they may be published only based on a licence which would be identical to the one granting access to the original Work. - The University of Adam Mickiewicz in Poznań is obliged to
5.1. make the Work available to the public in such a way that members of the public may access the Work from a place and at a time individually chosen by them, without any technological constraints;
5.2. appropriately inform members of the public to whom the Work is to be made available about sublicenses in such a way as to ensure that all parties are properly informed (appropriate informing messages).
Other provisions
- The University of Adam Mickiewicz in Poznań hereby preserves the copyright to the journal as a whole (layout/stylesheet, graphics, cover design, logo etc.)