Kilka uwag o podejściu eksplanacyjnym w badaniach językoznawczych
Okładka czasopisma Humaniora. Czasopismo Internetowe, tom 51, nr 3, rok 2025
PDF

Słowa kluczowe

wyjaśnianie
językoznawstwo
metodologia

Jak cytować

Górny, M. (2025). Kilka uwag o podejściu eksplanacyjnym w badaniach językoznawczych. Humaniora. Czasopismo Internetowe, 51(3), 13–25. https://doi.org/10.14746/h.2025.3.1

Abstrakt

The article highlights the importance of the process of explanation in linguistics and related sciences. Explanation is rarely used by linguists today. The descriptive approach predominates and this is because it is safer and easier. The article discusses the separation of features as elements of linguistic processes and parts of language. It then briefly discusses features as relations occurring in linguistic space. In both cases, the cognitive attractiveness of the exploratory approach is emphasised. This means that the researcher asks questions about the origin of features, their function, development and disappearance. Similar questions are asked in relation to function. The difficulties that the exploratory approach causes have been mentioned here. It generally requires the use of models to explain phenomena. Because nomothetic explanation (through laws) – as is often the case in the natural sciences – is difficult here due to the small number of laws discovered in the field of linguistics. Two examples are given of the use of a model to explain linguistic processes.

https://doi.org/10.14746/h.2025.3.1
PDF

Bibliografia

Campbell N.A., Reece J.B., Urry L.A., Cain M.L. Wasserman S.A., Minorsky P.V., Jackson R.B., Biologia, Rebis, Warszawa 2015.

Dunbar R., Grooming, gossip, and the evolution of language, Harvard University Press, Harvard 1996.

Everett Daniel L., Jak powstał język, Prószyński i S-ka, Warszawa 2019.

McLaughlin P., What Functions Explain: Functional Explanation and Self-Reproducing Systems, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2000. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511498510

Miller R.W., Fact and Method: Explanation, Confirmation and Reality in the Natural and the Social Sciences, Princeton University Press, Princeton 1987. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9780691228365

Nikitin E., Wyjaśnianie jako funkcja nauki, PWN, Warszawa 1975.

Nowak L., Wstęp do idealizacyjnej teorii nauki. Wybrane zagadnienia metodologii nauk, naukoznawstwa i informacji Naukowej, PWN, Warszawa 1977.

Scherer G., Modes of Explanation in Organization Theory, w: The Oxford Handbook of Organization Theory, eds. Ch. Knudsen, H. Tsoukas, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2007, https://tiny.pl/08w37ddj [dostęp: 14.12.2024].

Strevens M., Depth: an account of scientific explanation, Harvard University Press, Harvard 2008.

Tinbergen N., On aims and methods of ethology, „Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie” 1963, no. 20. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0310.1963.tb01161.x

Wright R., The Evolution of God: The Origins of Our Beliefs, Little Brown Book Group, Boston 2010.