Abstract
The purpose of this article is to demonstrate the appropriateness of applying analysis through the lens of the concept of institutional balance to the study of the political system of the European Union. The article is primarily analytical rather than empirical, pointing out the importance of inter-institutional balance in its legal and political aspects, the relationship of inter-institutional balance to the principle of checks and balances, and the function that inter-institutional balance plays in the EU political system, as well as the criterion by which changes in inter-institutional balance can be studied.
One of the research hypotheses tested in this article is that there is a need to move away from understanding inter-institutional relations through the prism of the activities of only three entities, i.e. the EU Council, the EC and the EP, which has been the case for many years in research on the EU institutional system. The second research hypothesis is that, because the objectives of the EU political system are different from those of the nation-states, the analysis of the EU political system using the principle of check and balances has much less exploratory potential than the analysis of this system using the concept of interinstitutional balances.
The article uses the following research methods: institutional-legal and neo-institutional.
References
Akbar I. (2017), Achievement of Institutional Balance in Disparity of Competences of the European Union Institutions, “Journal of Civil & Legal Sciences”, vol. 6(2).
Allerkamp D. (2009), Intergovernmentalism, reloaded. The Transformative Power of ‘Intergovernmental’ Council Policy-Making, Paper presented at the 11th Biennial European Union Studies Association meeting in Los Angeles, California, April 23–25.
Almond G. A., Powell Jr. G. B. (1966), Comparative Politics. A Developmental Approach, Brown and Company, Little.
Antoszewski A. (1996), System polityczny jako kategoria analizy politologicznej, w: Studia z teorii polityki, red. A. Jabłoński, L. Sobkowiak, tom I, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego.
Barcz J. (2010), Prezydencja w Radzie UE – aspekty prawne i instytucjonalne, „Europejski Przegląd Sądowy”, 7.
Broniecki P. (2020), Power and transparency in political negotiations, “European Union Politics”, vol. 21(1). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1465116519870870
Carey J. (2000), Parchment, Equilibria, and Institutions, „Comparative Political Studies”, 33. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/001041400003300603
Chamon M. (2015), The Institutional Balance, an Ill-Fated Principle of EU Law?, “European Public Law”, vol. 21, nr 2. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54648/EURO2015018
Chamon M. (2016), Institutional balance and community method in the implementation of EU legislation following the Lisbon treaty, “Common Market Law Review”, vol. 53(6). DOI: https://doi.org/10.54648/COLA2016141
Crum B. (2003), Legislative–Executive Relations in the EU, “Journal of Common Market Studies”, vol. 41, nr 3. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5965.00427
Czachór Z. (2002), Podział kompetencji pomiędzy Unię Europejską i Wspólnoty Europejskie a państwa członkowskie. Ujęcie wielowymiarowe, „Studia Europejskie”, 3.
Czachór Z. (2004), Zmiany i rozwój w systemie Unii Europejskiej po Traktacie z Maastricht, Wydawnictwo Alta 2.
Dubowski T. (2010), Zasada równowagi instytucjonalnej w prawie Unii Europejskiej, Wydawnictwo Europrawo.
Europejski Trybunał Sprawiedliwości (1958), Judgment of the Court of 13 June 1958. – Meroni & Co., Industrie Metallurgiche, SpA v High Authority of the European Coal and Steel Community. – Case 9-56.
Europejski Trybunał Sprawiedliwości (1963), Wyrok Trybunału z dnia 5 lutego 1963 r. NV Algemene Transport – en Expeditie Onderneming van Gend & Loos przeciwko Nederlandse administratie der belastingen. 26–62.
Europejski Trybunał Sprawiedliwości (1990), Wyrok Trybunału z dnia 22 maja 1990 r., Parlament Europejski przeciwko Radzie Wspólnot Europejskich w sprawie C 70/88.
Galster J. (2014), Zasada równowagi instytucjonalnej w orzecznictwie Trybunału Sprawiedliwości Unii Europejskiej, „Gdańskie Studia Prawnicze”, tom XXXI.
Gostyńska A. (2011), Parlament Europejski w nowej architekturze instytucjonalnej Unii Europejskiej, „Polski Przegląd Dyplomatyczny”, nr 1(59).
Grazino G. (2008), Institutional Balance in the EU. The Prodi Administration as a reforming Commission, „Quaderns de treball”, nr 49/November.
Heywood A. (2006), Politologia, Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN.
Hix S. (2005), The Political System of the European Union, Macmillan Publishers Limited.
Hug S. (2003), The State That Wasn’t There: The Future of EU Institutions and Formal Models, “European Union Politics”, vol. 4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1465116503004001584
Jupille J., Caporaso J., Checkel J. (2003), Integrating Institutions: Rationalism, Constructivism, and the Study of the European Union, “Comparative Political Studies”, 36/February–March. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0010414002239370
Kelemen D. (2003), The Structure And Dynamics Of EU Federalism, “Comparative Political Studies”, nr 1/2, February/March. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0010414002239376
Koncewicz T. T. (2007), Równowaga instytucjonalna i Parlament Europejski. Wspólnotowy hard case w Trybunale Sprawiedliwości, „Palestra”, 3–4.
Lang J. (2006), Checks and Balances in the European Union: The Institutional Structure and the ‘Community Method’, “European Public Law”, vol. 12, issue 1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54648/EURO2006007
Majone G. (2002), Delegation of Regulatory Powers in a Mixed Polity, “European Law Journal”, vol. 8, issue 3. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0386.00156
Monar J., The European Union’s institutional balance of power after the Treaty of Lisbon, https://fakulteti.me/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/Institutional-balance.pdf, 22.12.2023.
Naurin D., Rasmussen A. (2011), New External Rules, New Internal Games: How the EU Institutions Respond when Inter-institutional Rules Change, “West European Politics”, nr 34/1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01402382.2011.523540
Paczos S. (2018), Przywództwo polityczne w Unii Europejskiej w dobie kryzysu, „Przegląd Zachodni”, nr 1.
Poboży M. (2010), Metoda instytucjonalna w badaniach europejskich, w: Studia europejskie. Zagadnienia metodologiczne, red. K. A. Wojtaszczyk, W. Jakubowski, Wydawnictwa Akademickie i Profesjonalne.
Pollack M. A. (2005), Theorizing The European Union: International Organization, Domestic Polity, or Experiment in New Governance?, “Annual Review of Political Science”, vol. 8, June. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.polisci.8.082103.104858
Roland (2004), Understanding Institutional Change: Fast-Moving and Slow-Moving Institutions, “Studies in Comparative International Development”, Winter. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02686330
Rossi L. S. (2010), A New Inter-institutional Balance: Supranational vs. Intergovernmental Method After the Lisbon Treaty, Global Jean Monnet – ECSA WORLD Conference The European Union after the Treaty of Lisbon Brussels 25–26 May 2010.
Ruszkowski J. (2010), Ponadnarodowość w systemie politycznym Unii Europejskiej, Wolters Kluwer Polska.
Sbragia A. (2002), The Dilemma of Governance with Government, “Jean Monnet Working Paper”, 3.
de Schoutheete P. (2011), Decision-making in the Union, “Policy Brief Notre Europe”, nr 24, April.
Szczerski K. (2002), Unia Europejska to nie państwo, „Polska w Europie”, nr 3(41).
Tsebelis G., Garrett G. (2002), The Institutional Foundations of Intergovernmentalism and. Supranationalism in the European Union, „International Organization”, vol. 55, issue 02. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1162/00208180151140603
Wallace H. (2005), An Institutional Anatomy and Five Policy Modes, w: Policy – Making in the European Union, red. H. Wallace, W. Wallace, M.A. Pollack, 5th edition, New York.
Wallace W. (1982), Europe as a Confederation: the Community and the Nation-State, “Journal of Common Market Studies”, nr 1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-5965.1982.tb00639.x
Wierzchowska A. (2020), Granice rozwoju systemu politycznego UE po traktacie z Lizbony: pytanie o złożoność i odporność europejskiego systemu instytucjonalnego, „Rocznik Integracji Europejskiej”, nr 14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14746/rie.2020.14.4
Wojtaszczyk K. A. (2004), Systemy polityczne, w: Wprowadzenie do nauki o państwie i polityce, red. B. Szmulik, M. Żmigrodzki, Wydawnictwo UMCS.
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Adam Jaskulski
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.