Keywords
competitiveness
border regions
Ukrainian-Polish borderland
How to Cite
Abstract
New challenges of world economic development affect the functioning of labour markets at the international, national and regional levels. The article presents the results of the analysis of the competitiveness of the labour markets in the adjacent border regions of Ukraine and Poland at the national level and in the cross-border dimension. Based on the RCI 2.0 calculation methodology, the effectiveness of the development of labour markets in the Ukrainian-Polish borderland was assessed. Relying on the results of the survey conducted in the form of in-depth interviews, the main trends in the formation of demand and supply for labour force in the border regions of Ukraine were determined. The article examines the impact of the war in Ukraine on the structure of job seekers and the dynamics of migration processes to neighboring EU countries, including Poland as one of the main recipient countries of refugees from Ukraine. The results of the study make it possible to assess the prospects for the development of the labour markets and are of practical importance for the development of effective tools for regulating the labour markets of both countries.
References
Blahová M., Haghirian P., Urbánek T., Pálka P. 2023. Driving sustainable and competitive transition in enterprise performance management and measurement: The changing role of women in the Japanese labour market. Economics and Sociology, 16(2): 56-74. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-789X.2023/16-2/4
Cahuc P., Wasmer E. 2001. Labor Market Efficiency, Wages and Employment when Search Frictions Interact with Intrafirm Bargaining. IZA Discussion Paper, 304 (https://docs.iza.org/dp304.pdf; access: 28.07.2024). DOI: https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.270797
DHL. 2022. Global Connectedness Index (GCI) (https://www.dhl.com/global-en/delivered/globalization/global-connectedness-index.html#parsysPath_download_box_copy_co; access: 9.09.2023).
ETF. 2022. Assessment of the effectiveness of active labour market policies in crisis and post-crisis situations (https://www.etf.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2022-02/almps_effectiveness_0.pdf; access: 15.09.2023).
EU Regional Competitiveness Index 2.0. 2023 (https://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/sources/work/rci_2022/RCI_2_0_2022_edition_presentation.pdf; access: 2.09.2023).
EU Regional Competitiveness Index: RCI 2013. 2013 (https://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/information-sources/publications/studies/2013/eu-regional-competitiveness-index-rci-2013_en; access: 2.09.2023).
European Regional Competitiveness Index. 2019 (https://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/information-sources/maps/regional-competitiveness/2019_en; access: 2.09.2023).
Eurostat. 2008. Eurostat regional yearbook (https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/documents/3217494/5692801/KS-HA-08-001-EN.PDF/e77da79e-a9ef-4225-ba2f-20e2e33ecffd; access: 15.09.2023).
Gordon J. 2023. Labour Market Efficiency (https://thebusinessprofessor.com/en_US/economic-analysis-monetary-policy/labor-market-efficiency-definition; access: 15.09.2023).
ILO. 2015. Challenges for labour markets now and in the future (https://www.ilo.org/global/about-the-ilo/how-the-ilo-works/ilo-director-general/statements-and-speeches/WCMS_348037/lang--en/index.htm; access: 9.09.2023).
ILO. 2023. The Competitiveness Indicators (COMP) (https://ilostat.ilo.org/resources/concepts-and-definitions/description-competitiveness-indicators/; access: 15.09.2023).
ILO. 2023. A Global Employment Divide: Low-Income Countries Will Be Left Further behind without Action on Jobs and Social Protection (https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---dgreports/---dcomm/---publ/documents/briefingnote/wcms_883341.pdf; access: 2.09.2023).
ILOSTAT. 2023. Assessing the current state of the global labour market: Implication for achieving the Global Goals (https://ilostat.ilo.org/assessing-the-current-state-of-the-global-labour-market-implications-for-achieving-the-global-goals/; access: 5.10.2023).
IMF. 2023. World economic outlook, October 2023 (https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/Issues/2023/10/10/world-economic-outlook-october-2023; access: 10.09.2023).
IMF Working paper. 2007. How Has the Globalization of Labor Affected the Labor Income Share in Advanced Countries? (https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/wp/2007/wp07298.pdf; access: 9.10.2023).
IOM. 2023. Access to Labour Markets and Employment in Europe for Refugees from Ukraine (https://dtm.iom.int/reports/ukraine-response-regional-quarterly-overview-access-labour-markets-and-employment-europe; access: 9.09.2023).
Lechman E. 2019. Still ‘few, slow and low’? On the female dimension of technology, labour markets and economic activity: Evidence for the period of 1990-2017. Economics and Sociology, 12(1): 11-38. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-789X.2019/12-1/1
LRSA. 2018. About the calculation of the competitiveness index of the regions of Ukraine (https://old.loda.gov.ua/upload/users_files/22/upload/indeks%20konkurentospromozhnosti_aparatka_12.03.2018.pdf; access: 26.08.2023).
Marshavin Y., Kytsak T., Kyryliuk V., Leontenko O., Vasylenko A. 2022. Competitiveness of the Ukrainian labor market in the context of modern global challenges. Social and Labour Relations: Theory and Practice, 12(2): 1-14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21511/slrtp.12(2).2022.01
Münz R., Straubhaar T., Vadean F.P., Vadean N. 2007. What are the migrants’ contributions to employment and growth? A European approach, HWWI Policy Paper, 3-3. Hamburgisches WeltWirtschaftsInstitut (HWWI), Hamburg (https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/47706/1/663172578.pdf; access: 15.09.2023).
NBU. 2023. The inflation report. July 2023 (https://bank.gov.ua/admin_uploads/article/IR_2023-Q3.pdf?v=4; access: 5.10.2023).
NBU. 2022. The influence of Ukrainian migrants on the economies of the recipient countries (https://bank.gov.ua/admin_uploads/article/Migration_impact_2022-12-15.pdf; access: 12.09.2023).
Niebuhr A., Stiller S. 2004. Integration and Labour Markets in European Border Regions. HWWA Discussion Paper, 284. Hamburg Institute of International Economics (HWWA), Hamburg (https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/19256/1/284.pdf; access: 27.07.2024).
Ostoj I. 2015. Labor market efficiency as one of the pillars of the global competitiveness of an economy – conclusions for the labor market regimes of the EU countries. Journal of Economics and Management, 20(2): 80-92.
Parenti A., Tealdi C. 2021. Cross-Border Labour Mobility in Europe: Migration Versus Commuting. [In:] K. Kourtit, B. Newbold, P. Nijkamp, M. Partridge (eds), The Economic Geography of Cross-Border Migration. (Footprints of Regional Science). Springer, p. 185-215. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48291-6_9
Porter M.E. 1990. The Competitive Advantage of Nations. Harvard Business Review (https://hbr.org/1990/03/the-competitive-advantage-of-nations; access: 20.08.2023). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-11336-1
Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine. 2017. Procedure for calculating the Competitiveness Index of Regions (https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1029-2017-%D0%BF#n35; access: 9.08.2023).
Scharle Á. 2003. Competitiveness and the Labour Market. Ministry of Finance. Working Paper, 4: 3-4 (http://pdc.ceu.hu/archive/00002571/01/4_eng_040205.pdf; access: 1.08.2024).
Schwab K., Porter M.E. 2007. The Global competitiveness report 2007-2008: World Economic Forum. Palgrave Macmillan, Geneva.
Smith M., Bettio F. 2008. Analysis Note: The Economic Case for Gender Equality. Prepared for the European Commission, Directorate General for Employment, Social Affairs, and Equal Opportunities (https://ingenere.it/sites/default/files/ricerche/ECO-CASE-final-1.pdf; access: 2.08.2023).
Statistical Yearbook of Lubelskie Voivodship 2022. 2023 (https://lublin.stat.gov.pl/en/publications/statistical-yearbook/statistical-yearbook-lubelskie-voivodship-2022,1,21.html; access: 9.08.2023).
Statistical Yearbook of Podkarpackie Voivodship 2022. 2023 (https://rzeszow.stat.gov.pl/en/publications/statistical-yearbook/statistical-yearbook-of-podkarpackie-voivodship-2022,1,16.html; access: 9.08.2023).
State Statistics Service of Ukraine. n.d. (https://www.ukrstat.gov.ua/; access: 9.08.2023).
The Chambers of Commerce Euregio Meuse-Rhine. n.d. Cross-border labour market (https://www.euregiochambers.eu/cross-border-labour-market.html; access: 23.09.2023).
Thomas A. 2020. Cross-border labour markets and the role of trade unions in representing migrant workers’ interests. Journal of Industrial Relations, 62(2): 235-255. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0022185619889073
UNHCR. 2023. Ukraine Refugee Situation (https://data.unhcr.org/en/situations/ukraine; access: 29.09.2023).
UNHCR Poland Factsheet. 2023 (https://data.unhcr.org/en/documents/details/104223; access: 29.09.2023).
van der Velde M. 1998. Labour-market in a border-area; searching for jobs and the influence of borders (https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/113439/1/ERSA1998_104.pdf; access: 19.10.2023).
Vasyltsiv T., Levytska O., Shushkova Y., Voronko O., Kohut M. 2023. Competitiveness of regional labor markets as a determinant of international migration: A nexus empirical study. Problems and Perspectives in Management, 21(4): 678-695. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21511/ppm.21(4).2023.51
Welch S.M. 2018. The Analysis of Labor Market Efficiency: A Comparative Analysis of Maine and the United States. Honors College (https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1362&context=honors; access: 27.07.2024).
Zhovnir S., Bilichenko S. 2018. Modern challenges of international labor market development: globalization and individualization. [In:] I. Petrova, V. Blyzniuk (eds), Ukrainian labor market: imperatives and opportunities for change, p. 280-294 (http://ief.org.ua/docs/mg/306.pdf; access: 10.10.2023).
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Khrystyna Prytula, Ewa Łaźniewska
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.