TREŚĆ VERSUS FORMA. Z ROZWAŻAŃ NAD NATURĄ TEKSTU LITERACKIEGO W ŚWIETLE UKRAIŃSKICH MANIFESTÓW LITERACKICH LAT 20. XX WIEKU
PDF

Słowa kluczowe

Ukrainian literature
discussion
form and content
writer
experiment
concept

Jak cytować

Nowacki, A. (2020). TREŚĆ VERSUS FORMA. Z ROZWAŻAŃ NAD NATURĄ TEKSTU LITERACKIEGO W ŚWIETLE UKRAIŃSKICH MANIFESTÓW LITERACKICH LAT 20. XX WIEKU: --. Studia Ukrainica Posnaniensia, 8(2), 119–130. https://doi.org/10.14746/sup.2020.8.2.09

Abstrakt

The purpose of this paper is to reflect on an extremely interesting issue, which was the attempt to explain the primacy of content over form or form over content in Ukrainian literature. The author emphasizes that this issue was the subject of considerations at the end of the 19th century, when modernist literature, looking for new ways of artistic expression, gave primacy to the form of a literary work over its content. Modernists felt freed from the duty of “moralizing” the reader, arguing that the writer’s duty is to constantly experiment with the form. The author refers to such figures as Mykola Voronyj, Mykola Sriblanski, Yakiv Mozhejko, Dmytro Zahul, and circles associated with the magazine “Muzahet”, “Literature Critical Almanac”, “Ukraїns’ka khata” and the literary group “Moloda Muza”. Discussions at the turn of the century came alive again in the 1920s in the newly formed Ukrainian Soviet Republic. Supporters of socialist realism argued that the content of the literary work is more important, because, in their opinion, the writer’s duty is to “educate” society. Based on the research conducted, it can also be stated that at the same time there were also writers who
emphasized the significant importance of the form of the literary work. Among them were members of the literary group called “Grono”. Later in the paper, the ideas advanced by Valeriian Polishchuk, who proposed the concept of the literature of the spiral (literature like mathematics ), are analysed. An interesting poem theory is also mentioned here, where euphony came to the fore. It was the author’s concept of a new rhythm of the poem, referred to as the “khvilyada”.

https://doi.org/10.14746/sup.2020.8.2.09
PDF

Bibliografia

Korniejenko A., Ukraiński modernizm. Próba periodyzacji procesu historycznoliterackiego [Ukrainian Modernism. Attempts to Periodise the Historical and Literary Proces], Kraków 1998.

Kulawik A., Poetyka. Wstęp do teorii dzieła literackiego [Poetics. Introduction for a Theory of a Literary Work], Kraków 1997.

Matusiak A., W kręgu secesji ukraińskiej. Wybrane problemy poetyki twórczości pisarzy „Młodej Muzy” [In a Circle of Ukrainian Secession. Selected Issues of Writers’ Ouvre in Poetics], Wrocław 2006.

Nowacki A., „Myśli pod prąd”. Twórczość Mykoły Chwylowego w kontekście ukraińskiej dyskusji literackiej lat 1925–1928 [„Upstream Thoughts”. Mykola Khvylovyi’s Ouvre Against Literary Discussions in Ukraine between 1925 and 1928], Lublin 2013.

Nowacki A., Manifesty u początków modernizmu ukraińskiego („List otwarty do pisarzy ukraińskich” Mykoły Woronego) [Manifests at the Beginning of Ukrainian Modernism (Mykola Voronyi’s „Open Letter to Ukrainian Writers”)], [w:] „Slavia Orientalis”, 2017, nr 3, t. LXVI, s. 481–493.

Mayenowa M.R., Poetyka teoretyczna. Zagadnienia języka [Theoretical Poetics. Questions of a Language], Wrocław – Warszawa – Kraków 2000.

Morawski S., O marksistowskiej myśli estetycznej [About a Marxist Esthetical Thought], [w:] Estetyki filozoficzne XX wieku, red. K. Wilkoszewska, Kraków 2000, s. 133–158.

Bila A., Ukrainskyi literaturnyi avanhard: poshuky, stylovi napriamky [Ukrainian Literary Cutting Edge: Searches and Style’s Lines of Action], Kyiv 2006.

Voronyi M., „Vidkrytyi lyst” [An Open Letter], [v:] „Literaturno-naukovyi vistnyk”, 1901, kn. IX, s. 14.

Desiat rokiv ukrainskoi literatury (1917–1927) [Ten Years of Ukrainian Literature (1917–1927)], t. II: Orhanizatsiini ta ideolohichni shliakhy ukrainskoi radianskoi literatury, Kharkiv 1928, s. 289–292.

Zhulynskyi M., Valerian Polishchuk [Valerian Polishchuk], [v:] Slovo i dolia, Kyiv 2002, s. 361–375.

Ivaniv-Mezhenko Yu., Tvorchist indyviduuma i kolektyv [One Character’s Ouvre and His Group], [v:] „Muzaget”, 1919, № 1/3, s. 9–47.

Kovaliv Yu., Valerian Polishchuk [Valerian Polishchuk], [v:] Istoriia ukrainskoi literatury XX stolittia, red. V. Donchyk, t. 1, Kyiv 1998, s. 297–301.

Kovaliv Yu., Istoriia ukrainskoi literatury. Kinets XX – poch. XXI st., t. 3: U spodivanniakh i trahichnykh zlamakh [History of Ukrainian Literature. The End of 19 Century – the Beginning of 21 Century], Kyiv 2014.

Lutskyi Yu., Literaturna polityka v radianskii Ukraini 1917–1934 [Literary Politics in Soviet Ukraine, 1917–1934], Kyiv 2000.

Maidan I., Shukannia [Searches], [v:] „Literaturno-krytychnyi almanakh”, Kyiv 1918, kn. 1, s. 23.

Mezhenko (Ivanov) Yu., P. Tychyna. „Soniashni klarnety” [P. Tychyna. „Sunny clarinets”], [v:] „Muzahet”, 1919, № 1/3, s. 125–134.

Mozheiko Ya., Tvorchist Chuprynky (krytychnyi narys) [Chuprynka’s Ouvre (the Censourious Essay)], [v:] „Literaturno-krytychnyi almanakh”, Kyiv 1918, s. 46–65.

Pavlychko C., Dyskurs modernizmu v ukrainskii literaturi [Discussions about Modernism in Ukrainian Literature], Kyiv 1999.

Polishchuk V., Verlibr i yoho sotsialna osnova [Free Verse and Its Social Base], [v:], Literaturnyi avanhard. Perspektyvy rozvytku ukrainskoi kultury, polemika i teoriia poezii, Kharkiv 1926, s. 83–88.

Polishchuk V., Zavdannia doby [Tasks of the Epoch], [v:] Literaturnyi avanhard. Perspektyvy rozvytku ukrainskoi kultury, polemika i teoriia poezii, Kharkiv 1926, s. 5–20.

Polishchuk V., Zdvyhy y rozvytok poetychnoi movy ta suchasnist [Challenges and Development of the Poetical Language and Contemporaneity], [v:] Literaturnyi avanhard. Perspektyvy rozvytku ukrainskoi kultury, polemika i teoriia poezii, Kharkiv 1926, s. 73–82.

Polishchuk V., Rytm novitnoi poezii ta yoho ukrainski osoblyvosty (Skhematychnyi nacherk z teorii novoi poezii) [A Rhythm of the Modern Poetry and Its Ukrainian Properties (A Schematic Essay on the Theory of Novel Poetry)], [v:] Literaturnyi avanhard. Perspektyvy rozvytku ukrainskoi kultury, polemika i teoriia poezii, Kharkiv 1926, s. 89–131.

Polishchuk V., Koly zhyty — hordo zhyty! [If You Do Live — Do It Proudly!], [v:] Literaturna spadshchyna. Spohady pro V. Polishchuka. U vinok poetu, uporiadk. Z. Sukhodub, Rivne 1997.

Leites A., Yashek M., Desiat rokiv ukrainskoi literatury (1917–1927) [Ten Years of Ukrainian Literature (1917–1927)], t. II: Orhanizatsiini ta ideolohichni shliakhy ukrainskoi radianskoi literatury, Kharkiv 1928.

Savchenko Ya., Mykhailo Semenko. „Piero zadaietsia” [Mykhailo Semenko. „Pierro Humiliates”], [v:] „Literaturno-krytychnyi almanakh”, Kyiv 1918, s. 28–45.

Criblianskyi M., „Nove slovo” v ukrainskii krytytsi [„A New Word” in Ukrainian Critics], [v:] „Ukrainska khata”, 1910, № 7–8, s. 489–499. Khvylovyi M., „Akhtanabil” suchasnosti, abo Valeriian Polishchuk u roli lektora komunistychnoho universytetu [„Akhtanabil” Modernity, or Valerian Polishchuk as a Lecturer at a Communist University], [v:] Khvylovyi M., Tvory v piatokh tomakh, t. IV, Niu-York – Baltymor – Toronto 1938, s. 203–232.