Treść głównego artykułu
Abstrakt
For Queen Victoria and Prince Albert the proper education of their eldest son, and the future king of England, was of paramount importance. Their most important advisor in this matter was Baron Stockmar, who believed in strict control of every moment in the boy’s life. The article examines available documentary sources dealing with the theory of the prince’s education as presented mainly in Queen Victoria’s, Prince Albert’s and Stockmar’s memoirs, as well as the way this theory was translated into practice by the Prince’s tutors and teachers. The main documentary sources here are the official reports and private diaries of Lady Lyttelton, Henry Birch and Frederick Gibbs. All in all, to the great disappointment of the Prince’s parents, the educational theory promoted by Stockmar proved to be a complete failure.
Słowa kluczowe
Szczegóły artykułu
Referencje
- Źródła archiwalne:
- Royal Archives, Round Tower, Windsor Castle
- RA VIC/MAIN/M/3/6
- RA VIC/MAIN/M/12/14, 20, 44, 46, 55, 66
- RA VIC/MAIN/M/13/45, 46, 51, 68, 87, 89
- RA VIC/MAIN/M/14/37, 49, 107
- RA VIC/MAIN/M/15/2, 19, 107
- RA VIC/MAIN/Y/97/23
- RA VIC/MAIN/Y/99/23
- RA VIC/MAIN/Z/141/94
- RA VIC/MAIN/Y/148/1
- RA VIC/MAIN/Y/153/9
- RA VIC/MAIN/Y/184/2, 12, 16, 18
- RA VIC/MAIN/Y/198/140
- RA VIC/MAIN/Y/198/181
- RA VIC/MAIN/Z/442/43
- RA VIC/MAIN/Z/444/68
- RA GV/GG9/439
- RA VIC/MAIN/QVJ (W). Queen Victoria’s Journal (Princess Beatrice’s copies). On line www. queenvictoriasjournals.org [Dostęp: 12 06 2017]
- Źródła drukowane
- Bagehot W., The English Constitution, London 1867.
- Bilz F. E., Nowe lecznictwo przyrodne, Lipsk 1903.
- Bunsen S. B., King Edward VII, London: Macmillan 1925.
- Caesar E., The English Empress: A Study in the Relations between Queen Victoria and her Eldest Daughter, tr. E. M. Hodgson, London 1957.
- Combe A., The Management of Infancy, Physiological and Moral, London 1840.
- Correspondence of Sarah Spencer, Lady Lyttelton, 1787–1870, ed. Mrs. Hugh Wyndham, London 1912.
- Crabites, P., Victoria’s Guardian Angel: A Study of Baron Stockmar, London 1937.
- Dearest Child: Letters Between Queen Victoria and the Princess Royal,1858–61, oprac. R. Fulford, Londyn 1964.
- Dearest Mama: Letters Between Queen Victoria and the Crown Princess of Prussia, 1861–64, ed. R. Fulford, London 1968.
- Edel L., Henry James: The Master: 1901–1916, New York 1972.
- The Education of a Prince. Extracts from the Diaries of Frederick Waymouth Gibbs, 1851–1856, “The Cornhill Magazine” vol. 165, no 986 (Spring 1951), 105–119.
- Education of the Royal Infants “Punch, or the London Charivari” IV (1843), s. 232.
- Esher Lord The Influence of King Edward, London: John Murray 1915.
- The Flogging of a Prince, „Cambridge Chronicle” vol. VIII no 21, 21 V 1853, s 3.
- Gibbon Ch., The Life of George Combe, 2 vols., London: Macmillan, 1878.
- Gordon P., Lawton D., Royal Education. Past, Present and Future, revised edn, London: Frank Cass, 2003.
- Greville Ch., The Greville Memoirs, red. Lytton Strachey i Roger Fulford, 8 t., London, 1938.
- Grey Ch., The Early Years of His Royal Highness The Prince Consort.
- Compiled under the Direction of Her Majesty the Queen, New York 1867.
- Hibbert Ch., Edward VII. The Last Victorian King, London 2007.
- Hibbert Ch., Queen Victoria. A Personal History, London 2000.
- James R. C., Albert, Prince Consort, London 1983. Lady Lyttelton’s Correspondence, 1787–1870, ed. Mrs Hugh Wyndham, London 1912.
- Letters of Queen Victoria: A Selection from Her Majesty’s Correspondence, ed. Arthur Christopher Benson and Viscount Esher, 3 vols., London 1907.
- The Letters of the Prince Consort, 1831–1861, ed. Kurt Jagow, London: John Murray, 1938.
- Locke J., Some Thoughts Concerning Education. Vol. XXXVII, Part 1. The Harvard Classics. New York: P.F. Collier & Son, 1909–14. Online www.bartleby.com/37/1/, par. 1 (Dostęp 22 IX 2015).
- Magnus Ph., King Edward the Seventh, London 1964. Martin Th., Life of H.R.H. the Prince Consort, 5 vols., London 1875–1880.
- Meyer J., E’Education des Princes en Europe du XVe au XIXe Siecle, Perrin 2004. Middlemas K., Edward VII, London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1972.
- Misztal M., Królowa Wiktoria, Ossolineum 2002. Misztal M., Królowej Wiktorii spojrzenie na macierzyństwo [w:] Człowiek w teatrze świata, red. B. Popiołek. Kraków 2010, s. 53–68.
- Mitchell L. G., Lord Melbourne, 1779–1848, Oxford 1997.
- Murder of six children by their mother, “The Sidney Morning Herald” 12 IX 1954, s. 2, kolumna a.
- Nawrot-Borowska M., Mamki – najemne karmicielki w świetle literatury poradnikowej z drugiej połowy XIX i początku XX wieku, „Biuletyn Historii Wychowania” 31 (2014), s. 85–112.
- Pakula H., An Uncommon Woman. The Empress Frederick. Daughter of Queen Victoria, Wife of the Crown Prince of Prussia, Mother of Kaiser Wilhelm, London 1995.
- Parssinen T. M., Popular Science and Society: The Phrenology Movement in Early Victorian Britain, “Journal of Social History”, vol. 8, No 1 (Autumn 1974), 1–20.
- Queen Victoria’s Journal. On line www.queenvictoriasjournals.org [Dostęp: 12 10 2015]
- Raniszewska-Wyrwa A., Johna Locke’a koncepcja wychowania moralnego, „Biuletyn Historii Wychowania” 31 (2014), s. 161–175.
- Ridley J., Bertie. A Life of Edward VII, London 2012.
- St. Aubyn G., Edward VII. Prince and King, London 1979.
- Stockmar E. A., Denkwürdigkeiten aus den Papieren des Freiherrn Christian Friedrich v. Stockmar, Braunschweig 1872.
- Thompson D., Queen Victoria. A Woman on The Throne, London 2001, s. 44.
- Trial of a Woman for the Murder of Her Six Children – Plea of Insanity, “The New York Times” 25 VIII 1854.
- Tucker N., Swiss Cottage, Osborne House, Isle of Wight, „History Today” vol 40, no 9 (September 1990), s. 62–63.
- Vallone L., Becoming Victoria, London 2001. Ward Y., Censoring Queen Victoria. How Two Gentlemen Edited a Queen and Created an Icon, London 2014.
- Weintraub S., Albert. Uncrowned King, London 1997.
- Weintraub S., The Importance of Being Edward. King in Waiting, 1841–1901, London 2000.
Referencje
Źródła archiwalne:
Royal Archives, Round Tower, Windsor Castle
RA VIC/MAIN/M/3/6
RA VIC/MAIN/M/12/14, 20, 44, 46, 55, 66
RA VIC/MAIN/M/13/45, 46, 51, 68, 87, 89
RA VIC/MAIN/M/14/37, 49, 107
RA VIC/MAIN/M/15/2, 19, 107
RA VIC/MAIN/Y/97/23
RA VIC/MAIN/Y/99/23
RA VIC/MAIN/Z/141/94
RA VIC/MAIN/Y/148/1
RA VIC/MAIN/Y/153/9
RA VIC/MAIN/Y/184/2, 12, 16, 18
RA VIC/MAIN/Y/198/140
RA VIC/MAIN/Y/198/181
RA VIC/MAIN/Z/442/43
RA VIC/MAIN/Z/444/68
RA GV/GG9/439
RA VIC/MAIN/QVJ (W). Queen Victoria’s Journal (Princess Beatrice’s copies). On line www. queenvictoriasjournals.org [Dostęp: 12 06 2017]
Źródła drukowane
Bagehot W., The English Constitution, London 1867.
Bilz F. E., Nowe lecznictwo przyrodne, Lipsk 1903.
Bunsen S. B., King Edward VII, London: Macmillan 1925.
Caesar E., The English Empress: A Study in the Relations between Queen Victoria and her Eldest Daughter, tr. E. M. Hodgson, London 1957.
Combe A., The Management of Infancy, Physiological and Moral, London 1840.
Correspondence of Sarah Spencer, Lady Lyttelton, 1787–1870, ed. Mrs. Hugh Wyndham, London 1912.
Crabites, P., Victoria’s Guardian Angel: A Study of Baron Stockmar, London 1937.
Dearest Child: Letters Between Queen Victoria and the Princess Royal,1858–61, oprac. R. Fulford, Londyn 1964.
Dearest Mama: Letters Between Queen Victoria and the Crown Princess of Prussia, 1861–64, ed. R. Fulford, London 1968.
Edel L., Henry James: The Master: 1901–1916, New York 1972.
The Education of a Prince. Extracts from the Diaries of Frederick Waymouth Gibbs, 1851–1856, “The Cornhill Magazine” vol. 165, no 986 (Spring 1951), 105–119.
Education of the Royal Infants “Punch, or the London Charivari” IV (1843), s. 232.
Esher Lord The Influence of King Edward, London: John Murray 1915.
The Flogging of a Prince, „Cambridge Chronicle” vol. VIII no 21, 21 V 1853, s 3.
Gibbon Ch., The Life of George Combe, 2 vols., London: Macmillan, 1878.
Gordon P., Lawton D., Royal Education. Past, Present and Future, revised edn, London: Frank Cass, 2003.
Greville Ch., The Greville Memoirs, red. Lytton Strachey i Roger Fulford, 8 t., London, 1938.
Grey Ch., The Early Years of His Royal Highness The Prince Consort.
Compiled under the Direction of Her Majesty the Queen, New York 1867.
Hibbert Ch., Edward VII. The Last Victorian King, London 2007.
Hibbert Ch., Queen Victoria. A Personal History, London 2000.
James R. C., Albert, Prince Consort, London 1983. Lady Lyttelton’s Correspondence, 1787–1870, ed. Mrs Hugh Wyndham, London 1912.
Letters of Queen Victoria: A Selection from Her Majesty’s Correspondence, ed. Arthur Christopher Benson and Viscount Esher, 3 vols., London 1907.
The Letters of the Prince Consort, 1831–1861, ed. Kurt Jagow, London: John Murray, 1938.
Locke J., Some Thoughts Concerning Education. Vol. XXXVII, Part 1. The Harvard Classics. New York: P.F. Collier & Son, 1909–14. Online www.bartleby.com/37/1/, par. 1 (Dostęp 22 IX 2015).
Magnus Ph., King Edward the Seventh, London 1964. Martin Th., Life of H.R.H. the Prince Consort, 5 vols., London 1875–1880.
Meyer J., E’Education des Princes en Europe du XVe au XIXe Siecle, Perrin 2004. Middlemas K., Edward VII, London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1972.
Misztal M., Królowa Wiktoria, Ossolineum 2002. Misztal M., Królowej Wiktorii spojrzenie na macierzyństwo [w:] Człowiek w teatrze świata, red. B. Popiołek. Kraków 2010, s. 53–68.
Mitchell L. G., Lord Melbourne, 1779–1848, Oxford 1997.
Murder of six children by their mother, “The Sidney Morning Herald” 12 IX 1954, s. 2, kolumna a.
Nawrot-Borowska M., Mamki – najemne karmicielki w świetle literatury poradnikowej z drugiej połowy XIX i początku XX wieku, „Biuletyn Historii Wychowania” 31 (2014), s. 85–112.
Pakula H., An Uncommon Woman. The Empress Frederick. Daughter of Queen Victoria, Wife of the Crown Prince of Prussia, Mother of Kaiser Wilhelm, London 1995.
Parssinen T. M., Popular Science and Society: The Phrenology Movement in Early Victorian Britain, “Journal of Social History”, vol. 8, No 1 (Autumn 1974), 1–20.
Queen Victoria’s Journal. On line www.queenvictoriasjournals.org [Dostęp: 12 10 2015]
Raniszewska-Wyrwa A., Johna Locke’a koncepcja wychowania moralnego, „Biuletyn Historii Wychowania” 31 (2014), s. 161–175.
Ridley J., Bertie. A Life of Edward VII, London 2012.
St. Aubyn G., Edward VII. Prince and King, London 1979.
Stockmar E. A., Denkwürdigkeiten aus den Papieren des Freiherrn Christian Friedrich v. Stockmar, Braunschweig 1872.
Thompson D., Queen Victoria. A Woman on The Throne, London 2001, s. 44.
Trial of a Woman for the Murder of Her Six Children – Plea of Insanity, “The New York Times” 25 VIII 1854.
Tucker N., Swiss Cottage, Osborne House, Isle of Wight, „History Today” vol 40, no 9 (September 1990), s. 62–63.
Vallone L., Becoming Victoria, London 2001. Ward Y., Censoring Queen Victoria. How Two Gentlemen Edited a Queen and Created an Icon, London 2014.
Weintraub S., Albert. Uncrowned King, London 1997.
Weintraub S., The Importance of Being Edward. King in Waiting, 1841–1901, London 2000.