Contemporary Romanian Migrations to Serbia: Stages, Actors, Reasons
PDF

Keywords

migration
ethnic migration
Romanians
Vlachs
Eastern Serbia
Vojvodina

How to Cite

Sorescu-Marinkovic, A. (2017). Contemporary Romanian Migrations to Serbia: Stages, Actors, Reasons. Balcanica Posnaniensia. Acta Et Studia, 23, 151–166. https://doi.org/10.14746/bp.2016.23.10

Abstract

This paper aims at offering insight into the contemporary migration of Romanians towards Serbia, starting with the interwar period, continuing with the communist rule and focusing on the period after the fall of the Romanian communist regime, in 1989. What this study does is delimit the stages of the Romanian migration to Serbia, identify the social categories taking part in these migratory processes, the preferred regions for settling in Serbia, as well as the reasons behind people’s decision to leave the country. I also show how the Romanian emigrants relate to the Romanian autochthonous communities in Serbia (the Vlachs of Eastern Serbia and the Romanians of Vojvodina), in which they usually settle.

After presenting the theoretical background relating to ethnic migrations, I introduce a new theoretical concept, reverse ethnic migration, which best fits the situation of contemporary Romanian migrants to Serbia. These migrations take place from a majority (Romanians in Romania) towards a national minority (Romanians or Vlachs in Serbia), thus in an „opposite” direction. The migrations are not state supported and they are individual in most of the cases. I argue that the interwar migrations were state planned, being the result of the Yugoslav-Romanian School Convention from 1933; those taking place during communism were triggered, in many instances, by political reasons; while the post-communist migration was labour oriented.

https://doi.org/10.14746/bp.2016.23.10
PDF

Funding

ERSTE Foundation Fellowship for Social Research 2015/2016

project Language

Folklore

Migrations in the Balkans (no. 178010) of the Institute for Balkan Studies

funded by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Serbia

References

Berta Péter, Intermediate trade, migration, and the politics of ethnicity. Economic strategies among Romanian Gabor Roma, „Acta Ethnographica Hungarica”, 2014, vol. 59, no 1, p. 43–67.

Brubaker Roger, Ethnicity without Groups, Cambridge 2004.

Cook-Martín David, Viladrich Anahí, The Problem with Similarity: Ethnic-Affinity Migrants in Spain, „Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies”, 2009, vol. 35, no 1, p. 151–170.

Constante Constantin, Românii din valea Timocului şi a Moravei, Bucureşti 1929.

Constante Constantin, Golopenţia Anton, Românii din Timoc, Bucureşti 1943, vol. 1–3.

Culic Irina, Anghel Remus Gabriel, Ethnicity in Migration. Romanian Immigrants at Home and Abroad, „Studia

UBB Sociologia”, 2012, vol. 57, no 2, p. 3–8.

Diminescu Dana, Exerciţiul dificil al liberei circulaţii: o introducere în istoria migraţiei recente a românilor, in: Sociologia migraţiei: Teorii şi studii de caz româneşti, eds. István Horváth, Remus Gabriel Anghel, Iaşi 2009, p. 45–62.

Dimitrijevic-Rufu Dejan, Rites de passage, identité ethnique, identité nationale – Le cas d’une communauté roumaine de Serbie, „Terrain”, 1994, no 22, 1994, p. 119–134.

Favell Adrian, The New Face of East-West Migration in Europe, „Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies”, 2008, vol. 34, no 5, p. 701–716.

Flora Radu, Rumunski banatski govori u svetlu lingvističke geografije, Beograd 1969.

Gordon Milton, Assimilation in American Life, New York 1964.

Huţanu Monica, Sorescu-Marinković Annemarie, „For us, it’s not a matter of research, but a matter of life”: language ideologies in the standardization of Vlach in Serbia, paper presented at the conference Communication in the „Country of Babel”. Language Ideological Debates on Contact Varieties, 11th and 12th November 2015, University of Bern (in print).

Huţanu Monica, Sorescu-Marinković Annemarie, Graiul vlah în şcolile din Serbia răsăriteană: provocări şi perspective, „Philologica Jassyensia”, 2015, vol. 11, no 2, p. 201–211.

Iordachi Constantin, Politics of citizenship in post-communist Romania: Legal traditions, restitution of nationality and multiple memberships, in: Citizenship Policies in the New Europe, eds. Rainer Bauböck, Bernhard Perchinig, Wiebke Sievers, Amsterdam 2009, p.177–210.

Joppke Christian, Selecting by Origin. Ethnic Migration in the Liberal State, Cambridge 2005.

Jovanović Nadica, Gramatika vlaškog jezika, Negotin 2013.

Măran Mircea, Românii din Voivodina – istorie, demografie, identitate românească în localităţile Voivodinei, Zrenjanin 2009.

Măran Mircea, Românii din Banatul sârbesc în anii interbelici (1918–1941), Cluj-Napoca 2012.

Meteş Ştefan, Emigrări româneşti din Transilvania în secolele XIII–XX, Bucureşti 1977.

Mioc Eugen, Comunismul în Banat (1944–1965). Dinamica structurilor de putere în Timişoara şi zonele adiacente, Timişoara 2010, vol. 2.

Neiescu Petru, Beltechi Eugen, Mocanu Nicolae, Atlas Lingvistic al Regiunii Valea Timocului. Contribuţii la atlasul lingvistic al graiurilor româneşti dintre Morava, Dunăre şi Timoc, Reşiţa 2006.

Nistor Ionuţ, „Procesul titoismului” în România (1950). Documente, Iaşi 2015.

Popi Gligor, Românii din Banatul Sârbesc, Pančevo 1993.

Popi Gligor, Rumuni u jugoslovenskom Banatu između dva rata: 1918–1941, Novi Sad 1976.

Sandu Dumitru, Migraţia transnaţională a românilor din perspectiva unui recensământ comunitar, „Sociologie românească”, 2000, vol. 3–4, p. 5–52.

Schierup Carl-Ulrik, Will they still be dancing? Integration and ethnic transformation among Yugoslav immigrants in Scandinavia, Umeå 1986.

Sikimić Biljana (ed.), Banjaši na Balkanu. Identitet etničke zajednice, Beograd 2005.

Sikimić Biljana, Romanians in Serbian Banat: Dynamic Epistemology, in: The Multilingual Society Vojvodina.

Intersecting Borders, Cultures and Identities, eds. Tomasz Kamusella, Motoki Nomachi, Sapporo 2014, p. 51–73.

Sorescu-Marinković Annemarie, Romanian female migration to northeast Serbia, in: Migration and Identity: Historical, Cultural and Linguistic Dimensions of Mobility in the Balkans, ed. Petko Hristov, Sofia 2012, p. 217–231.

Sorescu-Marinković Annemarie, Românii din Timoc astăzi. Fiinţe mitologice, Cluj-Napoca 2012.

Sorescu-Marinković Annemarie, Foggy diaspora: Romanian Women in Eastern Serbia, „Studia UBB Sociologia”, 2016, vol. 61, no 1, p. 37–57.

Steiner Johann, Magheţi Doina, Mormintele tac. Relatări de la cea mai sângeroasă graniţă a Europei, Iaşi 2009.

Trandafoiu Ruxandra, Diaspora Online. Identity Politics and Romanian Migrants, Oxford 2013.

Troc Gabriel, Transnational Migration and Roma Self-Identity: Two Case Studies, „Studia UBB Sociologia”, 2012, vol. 57, no 2, p. 77–100.

Ţîrcomnicu Emil, Identitate românească sud-dunăreană. Aromânii din Dobrogea: sărbători, obiceiuri, credinţe, cultură şi viaţă comunitară, Bucureşti 2004.

Wallace Claire, Stola Dariusz (eds.), Patterns of Migration in Central Europe, Basingstoke 2001.