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Abstrakt
Sajnovics János (1733–1785) was the author of the basic work of comparative linguistics (Demonstratio 1770), which is considered the first scientific demonstration of the affinity of Hungarian and a Finno-Ugric language, Saami. This work was created on the occasion of the 1769 astronomical expedition in Denmark as unplanned side research. After the expedition the leader, Maximilian Hell reported on the transition of Venus (Transitio Veneris) and his assistant, János Sajnovics on the Hungarian–Lappish linguistic identity (Demonstratio).[1] This paper will deal with the scientific research methodology of Demonstratio comparing it with the methodology applied in Hell’s astronomical treatise. We also consider some contemporary critics of the methodology of Demonstratio.
[1] In this paper I will use the term Lappish instead of politically correct Saami, according to the 18th-century terminology.
Bibliografia
Aspaas, Per Pippin 2012. Maximilianus Hell (1720-1792) and the Eighteenth-Century Transits of Venus. PhD Dissertation, University of Tromsø.
Bessenyei, György. 1986. Összes művei. Prózai munkák. [All his works. Prose works.] 1802-1804, edited by György Kókay. Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó.
Born, Ignaz 1771. Review of Sajnovics’s Demonstratio. Prager Gelehrte Nachrichten 1,1: 200 206.
Hadobás, Sándor 2008. Hell Miksa és Sajnovics János bibliográfiája. [Bibliography of Maximilian Hell and János Sajnovics]. Rudabánya: Érc- és Ásványbányászati Múzeum Alapítvány.
Hell, Maximilian 1770. Observatio transitus Veneris. [Observation of Transit of Venus.] Hafniae: Typis Orphanotrophii Regii.
Leem, Knud 1748. En Lappisk Grammatica efter den Dialect: som bruges af Field-Lapperne udi Porsanger-Fiorden. [A Lappish Grammar according to the Dialect: used by the Field Lapps in Porsanger-Fiorden.] Kiobenhavn: Gottman Friderich Kisel.
Sajnovics, Johannes 1770. Demonstratio Idioma Ungarorum et Lapponum Idem esse. [Demonstration that the idiom of the Hungarians and the Lapps is the same.] Hafniae: Typis Orphanotrophii Regii.
Schlözer to Hell, 29 February 1772, published by Ferdinánd Mencsik, Magyar Történelmi Tár, 4th series, vol. 6 (1905), 143-147.
Schlözer, August 1771. Allgemeine Nordische Geschichte I. Halle: Johann Gebauer.
Vladár, Zsuzsa C. 2017. Hell mint nyelvész. [Hell as linguist.] In Tamás Forgács, Miklós Németh, and Balázs Sinkovics (eds): A nyelvtörténeti kutatások újabb eredményei [Recent results in historical linguistics] IX, Szeged: SZTE. 337–350.